with anxiety, ought to remove all further doubt from the mind of the public, and satisfy them that here is a practical means of diminishing the dead load of pauperism, and preventing the fatal growth of the pauper child into the pauper adult. It will be seen that the same plan is about being adopted with the female children of the house; and that, in order to render the experiment as certain as possible of success, a probationary training, suited for the future child's maid and domestic servant, is to be given in the establishment, so soon as arrangements to that effect can be carried out. There is one feature, however, in the scheme which we must not omit to notice-namely, the watchful care of the Society over the apprentice during the most trying period of his career—the influence which its members exercise upon the conduct of the master towards the apprentice and the consciousness that the latter is made to have of his not being without kind and anxious friends in the world. In all other respects the scheme is wise, practical, and humane,-here it rises to the lofty height of Christian charity. We shall only add this single remark, that if the juvenile criminal be worthy, as he clearly is, of the sympathy and succour of the benevolent, who contrive all kinds of institutions for his conversion and restoration to the paths of virtue and the ways of industry; the poor child, who has never committed any offence whatever, and whose only crime is his poverty or his state of orphanage, is not the less worthy of sympathy and succour; and that, of the two, the innocent and guiltless child has the stronger claim upon the assistance and protection of the community.

CERTIFIED INDUSTRIAL AND RAGGED SCHOOLS. At the Council Chamber, Whitehall, the 31st day of December, 1857, by the Right Honourable the Lords of the Committee of the Privy Council on Education.

Their Lordships having had under consideration the Acts of Parliament relative to Reformatory Schools; viz. :

17 & 18 Vict. c. 86,

18 & 19 Vict. c. 87,

19 & 20 Vict. c. 109,

20 & 21 Vict. c. 55;

also the acts relative to Industrial Schools; viz. :—

17 & 18 Vict. c. 74 (Scotland),

20 & 21 Vict. c. 48 (England and Wales,)— Resolved,

1. To cancel the Minute dated 2nd June, 1856, except so far as that schools already receiving aid under it might continue to do so on the same conditions until the 31st March, 1859, but no longer.

2. That after 31 March, 1859, no Reformatory School certified under the Act 17 & 18 Vict. c. 86, should receive grants (except as provided in the 9th section below), from the Parliamentary Fund administered by the Committee of Council on Education, but that Industrial Schools certified under the Acts 20 & 21 Vict. c. 48, or 17 and 18 Vict. c. 74, and Ragged Schools, might be aided on the con ditions set forth in the rest of this present Minute.

3. That their Lordships are prepared to consider applications for certifying Industrial Schools pursuant to the Industrial Schools' Act, 1857.

4. That the promoters of Ragged Schools, in applying for aid under this Minute, must state in detail:

Within what local limits they expect to gather scholars.

What day schools of the ordinary kind are maintained, or are about to be maintained, by charitable subscriptions for the education of children of the labouring and other poorer classes within the same limits. The name and address of a correspondent must be given for each school.

Why the school now proposed to the Committee of Council should be a Ragged School rather than one of the ordinary kind, and why it will not be likely to injure any of the day schools just named.

A map marked so as to illustrate the answers to these inquiries should be transmitted if possible.

5. That Ragged Schools must fulfil the following conditions:The title of Ragged School, or some other equivalent name of distinction, must be retained.

Both scholastic and industrial instruction must be given.

No fees must be received from any child attending the school or any of the classes.

Accurate accounts must be kept of all receipts and expenditure; and if the managers attempt other objects besides the daily instruc tion of children, the expenditure upon such other objects, and upon the instruction, must be separately stated.

The managers must certify and the inspector must report that adequate means are taken to confine the children attending the school to that class which cannot be associated with the children of respectable labouring men; that reading, writing, and arithmetic (as far as the first four rules, simple and compound), are well taught in the school; and that its discipline and moral influence are such as are calculated to benefit the special class of scholars.

6. Certified Industrial and Ragged Schools may receive grants equal per annum to

One-half of the rent of the premises in which industrial instruction is carried on;

One third of the cost of tools and of raw material for labour ; Five shillings per annum per industrial scholar according to the average number under industrial instruction throughout the year preceding the date of inspection.

The ordinary rate for the purchase of books, maps, and apparatus ; The ordinary rate in augmentation of any certified teacher's salary. Teachers in workhouse schools, who are rated in the first division of competency, and who, during the last three preceding years, shall have served continuously in such schools with rating not below com. petency, may take rank without further examination in Ragged or in certified Industrial Schools as certificated teachers, and may in those schools, but in none other, receive such augmentation as their salaries justify, on the usual conditions, up to £20.

Teachers who are at this date employed in Ragged or Industrial Schools, may obtain the like privilege by passing an examination equal to the rating of competency in workhouse schools, provided

that the inspector has reported favourably of their schools during each of three consecutive years.

7. That in schools certified under the Acts 20 & 21 Vict. c. 48, and 17 & 18 Vict. c. 74, there might be granted, in addition to the foregoing forms of aid,—

The sum of £5 for every child received during the year preceding the date of inspection into the establishment, under an order of the justices for its permanent detection, or who shall have been detained therein under such an order throughout the whole of the same year.

The sum of £40 or, in the case of females, £27 in respect of every person boarded, lodged, and trained as a teacher therein during the year preceding the date of inspection, on the following conditions:(1) That the school contain at least 40 inmates.

(2.) That Her Majesty's Inspector make a favourable report upon the means of training and upon the candidates presented by the ma nagers for admission. The candidates will be examined for admission by the inspector in reading, in writing from dictation, and in the first four rules of arithmetic, simple and compound. The inspector will also report upon the apparent fitness of the candidates in respect of age, previous employment, manners, and physical strength, for the duties of a teacher in Reformatory or Industrial Schools. Candidates must have completed their 18th year.

(3.) That the payments may, on the recommendation of Her Majes ty's Inspector, be continued for a second year, but that no fractional payment be allowed.

(4.) That teachers so trained may, on taking service in a Ragged or in a certified Industrial School, and after passing before the inspector, upon the papers given to workhouse school teachers, an examination equal to the rating of competency, receive augmentation pursuant to Section 6 (f), supra.

8. That all examinations and inspections made in pursuance of this Minute be, as a general rule, referred to such of Her Majesty's Inspectors as are charged with the inspection of workhouse schools.

9. That Reformatory Schools certified under the Act 17 &18 Vic. c. 86, be allowed to have the benefit of Section 7 of this Minute so far as it relates to the reception of candidates for training as teachers; the inspector of prisons discharging the same functions as are thereby assigned to the inspector of schools, and making a report to the Secretary of State for transmission to the Committee of Council.

10. That grants for building Ragged Schools be made on the usual terms, so long as they provide for daily instruction only, or for daily instruction in a measure greatly beyond the accommodation for lodging, which latter must not be enough to characterize the buildings as other than those for a daily school.

Grants for building schools intended to be certified under the Industrial Schools' Act, will also be made, on the usual terms as regards the previous approval of plans, specifications, estimates, title, and conveyance in trust, and at a rate not exceeding half the approved expenditure, nor £30 per bed for which proper space is provided.

Grants will be made for building, (instead of an allowance for rent) in those cases only where the permanent provision of premises appears to be thoroughly adequate, and where circumstances in all respects are favourable to the undertaking.

Since the publication of our last Record we received the Rev. John Clay's final Report as Chaplain of the Preston House of Correction; he has retired from his office after thirtysix years of duty, discharged with an enlightened zeal which made him the most useful as he was the most distinguished of those able men holding the posts of Prison Chaplains. Mr. Frederick Hill, in his invaluable work on Crime, designates Mr. Clay," the zealous, benevolent, and able chaplain of the prison. at Preston." No description could be more true; no man has done more to aid us in solving the difficulties connected with prison discipline and the sources of crime than Mr. Clay, and he retires from his chaplaincy regretted and respected by all in these kingdoms who are interested in the noble work to which his life and genius were devoted. What he has done for social science we shall show in the next number of THE IRISH QUARTERLY REVIEW. South tells us, "that which makes the clergy glorious is to be knowing in their profession, unspotted in their lives, active and laborious in their charges; and lastly, to be gentle, courteous, and compassionate to all. These are our rolls and our maces, our escutcheons and highest titles of honour"-such a man as this was and is the Reverend John Clay.

The following, from The Southern Reporter of April 9th, will show how actively the ladies have taken up the Reformatory question in Cork:

BENEVOLENT APPRENTICING SOCIETY. Upon yesterday the inspection and examination of the most advan. ced class of female orphans in the workhouse, was held. The extreme inclemency of the weather prevented the attendance of the ladies and gentlemen who so kindly interest themselves for these dependent and friendless young girls, from being so general as no doubt it otherwise would have been, but notwithstanding so serious a drawback, there was still a very considerable number present. Amongst the ladies were the Lady Mayoress, Mrs. N. Mahony, Mrs. Maguire, sen.; Mrs. W.C. Townsend, Mrs. O'Brien, Miss Donegan, &c. His Worship the Mayor and several members of the committee and other gentlemen attended, and evinced deep interest in the undertaking. Some erroneous feeling appears to have deterred many from visiting the workhouse. A doubt as to the admissability of strangers in the first place presented itself, but the principal repug.

nance no doubt arose, and even had most control over, the sensibilities of the kind and tender hearted, that they would in their visit discern so much misery which they could not relieve, and be brought in contact with such squalid and miserable beings as would disgust and pain them without being of the slightest avail or benefit to any one. This, at least as far as the juvenile class, that is those under fifteen years of age, is concerned, is quite a mistake. And so far from their condition and their appearance in their school room, leaving an uneasy or painful recollection, we heard upon every side expressions of pleased surprise, at the cheerful looks, the invariably excellent demeanour, the strict neatness of attire, and the intelligence of the children. The ladies were undisguisedly gladdened by the sight, so different from that which they may have anticipated, and, indeed, even the heart of that symbol of moroseness and discontent, "a rate-payer," would have been as light as he represents his purse to have become, had he seen how much contentment and real useful. ness had been produced by his money, The school-room, which is a very large oblong department, divided by a barrier in the middle, contained 220 children, ranging from the ages of three to fifteen years. They sat in their places according to their classes, at the left of the entrance, the other division being set apart for the visitors and those under examination. The walls were, in honour of the occasion, festooned with laurels and evergreens, and over the door the word"Welcome" was neatly executed by those for whom we trust a hopeful future will date from this much-desired visit. The pleased and bright looks of the children, who seemed quite to appreciate what was going forward, relieved them from any appearance of forced constraint; yet they preserved the most complete order and unbroken silence, except when at the desire of their teachers, they stood up in file, and then their wooden shoes pattered along the floor as they marched off to be examined. One or two of the very young infants fell asleep, and we noticed that then the nearest class-fellow quietly and fondly wrapped its tiny arms about the little sleeper, and, although scarcely bigger than its nurseling, watched over its repose with all the gravity and affection of a parent. The greatest goodwill and generosity seems to exist among the pupils, and having drawn experience from the bitterest teachings of adversity, they have learned the worth of every little act of kindness, were it only conveyed in a gentle look or word. One of the assistant schoolmistresses, who seemed the personification of good humour herself, and who had an encouraging whisper for each of her little charge, pointed out one strong example of the yearning for the bonds of relationship which nature has implanted in our breasts. Two little girls, of about five years of age, were sitting side by side, very neat and happy, and apparently in love with each other, and such we found was indeed the case. They were both christened "Minnie," and although without any tie of kindred to bind them, save that they were both orphans, they have become so devoted to each other, that they are inseparable, at school or at play, bed or board. Providence has found even for these lone ones some compensation for the want of that fatherly protection and mother's love which they have never known.