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keep, between me and you, and thy seed 11 child among you shall be circumcised.

after thee; Every manAnd ye shall circumcise

the flesh of your foreskin; and it shall be a token of the covenant 12 betwixt me and you. And he that is eight days old shall be circumcised among you, every man-child in your generations, he that

10 Every man child.] See verse 11. In this will we (the sons of Jacob) consent unto you (the Shechemites) if ye will be as we be, that every male of you be circumcised. Gen. xxxiv. 15. And when a stranger shall sojourn with thee, and will keep the passover to the Lord, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it. Exod. xii. 48. Circumcise therefore the foreskin of your heart, and be no more stiff-necked. Deut. x. 16. And the Lord thy God will circumcise thine heart, and the heart of thy seed, to love the Lord thy God with all thine heart, and with all thy soul, that thou mayest live. Deut. xxx. 6. At that time, the Lord said unto Joshua, Make thee sharp knives, and circumcise again the children of Israel a second time. And Joshua made him sharp knives, and circumcised the children at the hill of the foreskins. And this is the cause why Joshua did circumcise: all the people that came out of Egypt, that were males, even all the men of war, died in the wilderness by the way after they came out of Egypt. Josh. v. 2, 3, 4. Circumcise yourselves to the Lord, and take away the foreskin of your heart, ye men of Judah, and inhabitants of Jerusalem. Jer. iv. 4. Behold the days come, saith the Lord, that I will punish all them which are circumcised with the uncircumcised; Egypt, and Judah, and Edom, and the children of Ammon, and Moab, and all that are in the utmost corners that dwell in the wilderness; for all these nations are uncircumcised, and all the house of Israel are uncircumcised in the heart. Jer. ix. 25, 26. And he gave "him" ("Abraham"), the covenant of circumcision. Acts vii. 8. For he is not a Jew which is one outwardly, neither is that circumcision which is outward in the flesh; but he is a Jew which is one inwardly, and circumcision is that of the heart, in the spirit, and not in the letter, whose praise is not of men, but of God. Rom. ii. 28, 29. What advantage then hath the Jew? or what profit is there of circumcision? Much every way: chiefly because that unto them were committed the oracles of God. Rom. iii. 1. 2. It is one God which shall justify the circumcision by faith, and uncircumcision through faith. Rom. iii. 30. Cometh this blessedness then upon the circumcision only, or upon the uncircumcision also? For we say, that faith was reckoned to Abraham for righteousness. He (Abraham) received the sign of circumcision, a seal of the righteousness of the faith which he had yet being uncircumcised, that he might be the father of all them that believe, though they be not circumcised.

Rom. iv. 9. 11. Is any man called being cir-
cumcised? Let him not become uncircum-
cised. Is any called in uncircumcision? Let
him not be circumcised. Circumcision is
nothing, and uncircumcision is nothing, but
the keeping of the commandments of God.
1 Cor. vii. 18, 19. There is neither Jew nor
Greek, there is neither bond nor free, there
is neither male nor female; for ye are all one
in Christ Jesus. Gal. iii. 28. For I testify
again to every man that is circumcised, that
he is a debtor to do the whole law; for in
Jesus Christ neither circumcision availeth
any thing, nor uncircumcision, but faith which
worketh by love. Gal. v. 3. 6. As many as
desire to make a fair shew in the flesh, they
constrain you to be circumcised, only lest they
should suffer persecution for the cross of Christ.
Gal. vi. 12. Wherefore remember that ye,
being in time past Gentiles in the flesh, who
are called uncircumcision, by that which is
called the circumcision in the flesh made by
hands; that at that time ye were without
Christ but now in Christ Jesus, ye who
sometimes were far off are made nigh by the
blood of Christ. Ephes. ii. 11, 12, 13. For
we are the circumcision, which worship God
in the spirit, and rejoice in Christ Jesus, and
have no confidence in the flesh. Phil. iii. 3.
In "whom" (" Christ") also ye are circumcised
with the circumcision made without hands,
in putting off the body of the sins of the flesh,
by the circumcision of Christ: buried with
him in baptism, wherein also ye are risen
with him through the faith of the operation of
God, who hath raised him from the dead.
Col. ii. 11, 12.

11 See verse 10, and com.

The flesh.] And Saul said, thus shall ye say to David, the king desireth not any dowry, but an hundred foreskins of the Philistines, to be avenged of the king's enemies. But Saul thought to make David fall by the hand of the Philistines. Wherefore David arose, and went, he and his men, and slew of the Philistines two hundred men; and David brought their foreskins, and they gave them in full tale to the king, that he might be the king's son-in-law. 1 Sam. xviii. 25. 27. And David sent messengers to Ish-bosheth Saul's son, saying, deliver me my wife Michal, which I espoused to me for an hundred foreskins of the Philistines. 2 Sam. iii. 14.

A token, &c.] And he gave him (Abraham) the covenant of circumcision. Acts vii. 8. And he received the sign of circumcision, a seal of the righteousness of the faith which he had yet being uncircumcisied. Rom. iv, 11.

is born in the house, or bought with money of any stranger, which is not of thy seed. He that is born in thy house, and he that is 13 bought with thy money, must needs be circumcised: and my covenant shall be in your flesh for an everlasting covenant. And 14 the uncircumcised man-child, whose flesh of his foreskin is not circumcised, that soul shall be cut off from his people; he hath

12 He that is born in the house.] And Abraham took Ishmael and all that were born in his house, and all that were bought with his money, every male among the men of Abraham's house, and circumcised the flesh of their foreskin. Gen. xvii. 23. And when a stranger shall sojourn with thee, and will keep the passover to the Lord, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as one born in the land one law shall be to him that is home-born, and unto the stranger that sojourneth among you. Exod. xii. 48, 49.

13 Born in thy house.] See com. Gen. xiv. 14. Every man's servant that is bought for money, when thou hast circumcised him, then shall be eat thereof (of the paschal lamb). Exod. xii. 44. If his master have given "him" ("the servant") a wife, and she have borne him sons, or daughters, the wife and her children shall be her master's, and he shall go out by himself. Exod. xxi. 4.

Bought with money.] Come (said Judah to the sons of Israel) and let us sell him to the Ishmaelites, and let not our hand be upon "him" ("our brother Joseph"); and the Midianites sold him (Joseph) into Egypt unto Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh's, and captain of the guard. Gen. xxxvii. 27. 36. And Joseph was brought down to Egypt, and Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh, bought him of the hands of the Ishmaelites, which had brought him down thither. Gen. xxxix. 1. And if thou buy an Hebrew servant, six years he shall serve, and in the seventh he shall go out free for nothing. Exod. xxi. 2. And he that stealeth a man and selleth him, or if he be found in his hand, he shall surely be put to death. Exod. xxi. 16. And I (Nehemiah) said unto them (the nobles and rulers, exacting usury), we, after our ability, have redeemed our brethren, the Jews, which were sold unto the heathen; and will ye even sell your brethren? or shall they be sold unto us? Nehem. v. 8. But forasmuch as he had not to pay, his lord commanded him to be sold, and his wife, and children, and all that he had, and payment to be made. Matt. xviii. 25.

14 Cut off from his people.] And it came to pass, by the way, in the inn, that the Lord met him and sought to kill him; then she (Zipporah) said (after circumcising her son), a bloody husband thou art, because of the circumcision. Exod. iv. 24. 26. Whosoever eateth unleavened bread, from the first day until the seventh day, that soul shall be cut

off from Israel; whosoever eateth that which is leavened, even that soul shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he be a stranger or born in the land. Exod. xii. 15. 19. Whosoever compoundeth any (anointing oil) like it, or whosoever putteth any of it upon a stranger, shall even be cut off from his people; whosoever shall make like unto that (perfume) to smell thereto, shall even be cut off from his people. Exod. xxx. 33. 38. But the soul that eateth of the flesh of the sacrifice of peaceofferings that pertain unto the Lord, even that soul shall be cut off from his people; moreover the soul that shall touch any unclean thing, as the uncleanness of man, or any unclean beast, or any abominable unclean thing, and eat of the flesh of the sacrifice of peaceofferings which pertain unto the Lord, even that soul shall be cut off from his people: whosoever eateth the fat of the beast of which men offer an offering made by fire unto the Lord, even the soul that eateth it shall be cut off from his people: whatsoever soul it be that eateth any manner of blood, even that soul shall be cut off from his people. Lev. vii. 20, 21. 25. 27. Whosoever shall commit any of these abominations (unlawful marriages and unlawful lusts), even the souls that commit them shall be cut off from among their people. Lev. xviii. 29. Every one that eateth it (the peace-offering), shall bear his iniquity, because he hath profaned the hallowed thing of the Lord, and that soul shall be cut off from among his people. Lev. xix. 8. The soul that doeth ought presumptuously, whether he be born in the land or a stranger, the same reproacheth the Lord, and that soul shall be cut off from among his people: because he hath despised the word of the Lord, and hath broken his commandment, that soul shall utterly be cut off; his iniquity shall be upon him. Numb. xv. 30, 31. Now all the people that came out were circumcised. Josh. v. 5.

Broken my covenant.] He hath put forth his hands against such as be at peace with him; he hath broken his covenant. Ps. lv. 20. The earth also is defiled under the inhabitants thereof, because they have transgressed the laws, changed the ordinances, broken the everlasting covenant. Isa. xxiv. 5. He hath broken the covenant, he hath despised the cities, he regardeth no man. Isa. xxxiii. 8. The house of Israel and the house of Judah have broken my covenant which I made with their fathers. Jer. xi. 10. Which (my covenant) they brake, although I was an hus

15 broken my covenant.

And God said unto Abraham, As for Sarai thy wife, thou shalt not call her name Sarai, but Sarah shall her 16 name be. And I will bless her, and give thee a son also of her: yea, I will bless her, and she shall be a mother of nations; kings 17 of people shall be of her. Then Abraham fell upon his face, and laughed, and said in his heart, Shall a child be born unto him that is an hundred years old? and shall Sarah, that is ninety years 18 old, bear? And Abraham said unto God, O that Ishmael might

band unto them, saith the Lord. Jer. xxxi. 32. Whosoever shall eat this bread, and drink this cup of the Lord unworthily, shall be guilty of the body and blood of the Lord; but let a man examine himself, and so let him eat of that bread, and drink of that cup, for he that eateth and drinketh unworthily, eateth and drinketh damnation to himself, not discerning the Lord's body. 1 Cor. xi. 27. 28. 29. 15 As for Sarai thy wife, &c.] See verse 5. and com.

16 I will bless her.] See com. chap. i. 28. and xii. 2. And they (her mother and brother) blessed Rebekah, and said unto her, Thou art our sister, be thou the mother of thousands of millions, and let thy seed possess the gate of those which hate them. Gen. xxiv. 60. For this is the word of promise: at this time will I come, and Sara shall have a son. Rom. ix. 9.

Give thee a son.] I will certainly return unto thee, according to the time of life, and lo, Sarah, thy wife, shall have a son: is any thing too hard for the Lord? At the time appointed I will return unto thee, according to the time of life, and Sarah shall have a son. Gen. xviii. 10. 14.

Be a mother.] A nation, and a company of nations (said God to Jacob), shall be of thee. Gen. xxxv. 11. But Jerusalem, which is above, is free, which is the mother of us all; brethren, we are not children of the bond woman, but of the free. Gal. iv. 26. 31. Even as Sara obeyed Abraham, calling him lord: whose daughters ye are as long as ye do well, and are not afraid with any amazement. 1 Pet. iii. 6.

Kings of people, &c.] See verse 6. And kings shall be thy nursing-fathers, and their queens thy nursing-mothers; they shall bow down to thee with their face toward the earth, and lick up the dust of thy feet, and thou shalt know that I am the Lord, for they shall not be ashamed that wait for me. Isa. xlix. 23.

17 Fell upon his face, &c.] See verse 3. And I fell down before the Lord, (said Moses) as at the first, forty days and forty nights: I did neither eat bread nor drink water, because of all your sins which ye sinned, in doing wickedly in the sight of the Lord, to provoke him to anger; thus I fell down before the Lord forty days and forty nights, as I fell down at the first, because the Lord had said he would destroy you. Deut. ix. 18. 25. And Joshua rent his clothes and fell to the earth upon his

face before the ark of the Lord until the eventide, he and the elders of Israel, and put dust upon their heads. Josh. vii. 6. And David lifted up his eyes and saw the angel of the Lord stand between the earth and the heaven, having a drawn sword in his hand stretched out over Jerusalem; then David and the elders of Israel, who were clothed in sackloth, fell upon their faces. 1 Chron. xxi. 16. Then Job arose, and rent his mantle, and shaved his head, and fell down upon the ground and worshipped. Job i. 20. As the appearance of the bow that is in the cloud in the day of rain, so was the appearance of the brightness round about; this was the appearance of the likeness of the glory of the Lord, and when I saw it, I fell upon my face, and I heard a voice of one that spake. Ezek. i. 28. And when they (the wise men) were come into the house, they saw the young child (Jesus) with Mary his mother, and fell down, and worshipped him. Matt. ii. 11. And when he (the Lamb) had taken the book, the four beasts and four and twenty elders fell down before the Lamb. Rev. v. 8. And the four and twenty elders which sat before God on their seats fell upon their faces and worshipped God. Rev. xi. 16.

And laughed, &c.] Therefore Sarah laughed within herself, saying, After I am waxed old shall I have pleasure, my lord being old also? Gen. xviii. 12. And Sarah said, God hath made me to laugh, so that all that hear will laugh with me. Gen. xxi. 6. Your father, Abraham, rejoiced to see my day, and he saw it and was glad. John viii. 56. And being not weak in faith, he considered not his own body now dead, when he was about an hundred years old, neither yet the deadness of Sara's womb. He staggered not at the promise of God through unbelief, but was strong in faith giving glory to God. Rom. iv. 19, 20.

For

18 0 that Ishmael, &c.] And I will give them one heart and one way, that they may fear me for ever, for the good of them, and of their children after them. Jer. xxxii. 39. the promise is unto you, and to your children, and to all that are afar off, even as many as the Lord our God shall call. Acts ii. 39.

Before thee.] When thou tillest the ground, it shall not henceforth yield unto thee her strength; a fugitive and a vagabond shalt thou be in the earth: behold (said Cain), thou hast driven me out this day from the face of the

live before thee! And God said, Sarah thy wife shall bear thee a 19 son indeed; and thou shalt call his name Isaac: and I will establish my covenant with him for an everlasting covenant, and with his seed after him. And as for Ishmael, I have heard thee: 20 Behold, I have blessed him, and will make him fruitful, and will multiply him exceedingly; twelve princes shall he beget, and I will make him a great nation. But my covenant will I establish 21

earth, and from thy face shall I be hid; and I shall be a fugitive and a vagabond in the earth. Gen. iv. 12. 14. There be many that say, Who will shew us any good? Lord, lift thou up the light of thy countenance upon us! Ps. iv. 6. And as for me, thou upholdest me in mine integrity, and settest me before thy face for ever. Ps. xli. 12. But your iniquities have separated between you and your God, and your sins have hid his face from you, that he will not hear. Isa. lix. 2.

19 Sarah thy wife, &c.] But my covenant will I establish with Isaac, whom Sarah shall bear unto thee, at this set time in the next year. Gen. xvii. 21. I will certainly return unto thee according to the time of life, and Sarah thy wife shall have a son: is any thing too hard for the Lord? At the time appointed I will return unto thee, according to the time of life, and Sarah shall have a son. Gen. xviii. 10. 14. Sarah conceived, and bare Abraham a son in his old age, at the set time of which God had spoken to him; and Abraham called the name of his son that was born unto him, Isaac; and Sarah said, God hath made me to laugh, so that all that hear will laugh with me. Gen. xxi. 2. 3. 6. And he (Elisha) said, About this season, according to the time of life, thou shalt embrace a son; and she said, Nay, my Lord, thou man of God, do not lie unto thy "handmaid" (" the Shunammite woman"); and the woman conceived, and bare a son, at that season that Elisha had said unto her, according to the time of life. 2 Kings iv. 16. 17. Fear not, Zacharias, for thy prayer is heard (said Gabriel), and thy wife, Elizabeth, shall bear thee a son, and thou shalt call his name John; and behold, thou shalt be dumb and not able to speak until the day that these things shall be performed, because thou believest not my words, which shall be fulfilled in their season. Luke i. 13. 20. Not as though the word of God hath taken none effect, for they are not all Israel which are of Israel; for this is the word of promise, At this time will I come, and Sara shall have a son. Rom. ix. 6. 9. Now we, brethren, as Isaac was, are the children of promise; so then, brethren, we are not children of the bondwoman, but of the free. Gal. iv. 28. 31.

unto Abraham: and these are the names according to their generations: the first-born of Ishmael, Nebajoth; and Kedar, and Abdeel, and Mibsam, and Mishma, and Dumah, and Massa, Hadar, and Tema, Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah: these are their names, by their towns, and by their castles; twelve princes according to their nations. Gen. xxv. 12-16.

And I will make him a great nation.] And also of the son of the bondwoman will I make a nation, because he is thy seed. Arise (said God to Hagar), lift up the lad (Ishmael), for I will make him a great nation. Gen. xxi. 13. 18.

21 But my covenant, &c.] Cast out this bondwoman and her son, for the son of this bondwoman shall not be heir with my son, even with Isaac: for in Isaac shall thy seed be called. Gen. xxi. 10. 12. Go not down; dwell in the land which I shall tell thee of: I will be with thee and will bless thee; I will make thy (Isaac's) seed to multiply as the stars of heaven; and in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed, because that Abraham obeyed my voice, and kept my charge, my commandments, my statutes, and my laws. Gen. xxvi. 2, 3, 4, 5. And Israel took his journey with all that he had, and came to Beersheba, and offered sacrifices unto the God of his father Isaac. Gen. xlvi. 1. And he (Israel) blessed Joseph, and said, God, before whom my fathers Abraham and Isaac did walk, the God which fed me all my life long unto this day, the angel which redeemed me from all evil, bless "the lads” (“Ephraim and Manasseh"). Gen. xlviii. 15. And God heard "their" ("the Israelites' ") groaning, and God remembered his covenant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob. Exod. ii. 24. I am the God of thy father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob: and Moses hid his face, for he was afraid to look upon God. Exod. iii. 6. He hath holpen his servant Israel, in remembrance of his mercy; as he (God) spake to our fathers, to Abraham, and to his seed for ever. To perform the mercy promised to our fathers, and to remember his holy covenant. Luke i. 54, 55. 72. "Whose" ("the Israelites") are the fathers, and of whom, as concerning the flesh, Christ 20 I have blessed him, &c.] See com. chap. came; not as though the word of God had xvi. 10. 12.

Twelve princes, &c.] Now these are the generations of Ishmael, Abraham's son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah's handmaid, bare

taken none effect, for this is the word of promise, At this time will I come, and Sara shall have a son. Rom. ix. 5, 6. 9. And if ye be Christ's, then are ye Abraham's seed, and

with Isaac, which Sarah shall bear unto thee at this set time in the 22 next year. And he left off talking with him, and God went up 23 from Abraham. And Abraham took Ishmael his son, and all that were born in his house, and all that were bought with his money, every male among the men of Abraham's house; and circumcised the flesh of their foreskin in the self-same day, as God had said 24 unto him. And Abraham was ninety years old and nine, when he 25 was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin. And Ishmael his son

heirs according to the promise. Gal. iii. 29. By faith Abraham sojourned in the land of promise as in a strange country, dwelling in tabernacles with Isaac and Jacob, the heirs with him of the same promise. Heb. xi. 9.

At this set time.] I will certainly return unto thee, according to the time. Gen. xviii. 10. And Sarah conceived and bare Abraham a son in his old age, at the set time of which God had spoken to him. Gen. xxi. 2. O that thou (O God) wouldest appoint me a set time, and remember me. Job xiv. 13. It is not for you to know the times or the seasons, which the Father hath put in his own power. Acts i. 7.

22 Talking with him, &c.] And Abram fell on his face, and God talked with him. Gen. xvii. 3. And the Lord went his way as soon as he had left communing with Abraham. Gen. xviii. 33. And God appeared unto Jacob again when he came out of Padan-aram, and blessed him; and Jacob called the name of the place where God spake with him Beth-el. Gen. xxxv. 9. 15. And the Lord said unto Moses, Thus thou shalt say unto the children of Israel, Ye have seen that I have talked with you from heaven. Exod. xx. 22. And "he" ("the Lord") said, Hear now my words (Miriam and Aaron), if there be a prophet among you, I, the Lord, will make myself known unto him in a vision, and will speak unto him in a dream; with him will I speak mouth to mouth, even apparently, and not in dark speeches, and the similitude of the Lord shall he behold. Numb. xii. 6. 8. The Lord talked with "you" ("the Israelites") face to face in the Mount, out of the midst of the fire. Deut. v. 4. Then the angel of the Lord put forth the end of the staff that was in his hand, and touched the flesh and the unleavened cakes (which Gideon made ready); and there arose up fire out of the rock, and consumed the flesh and the unleavened cakes: then the angel of the Lord departed out of his (Gideon's) sight. Judges vi. 21. It came to pass, when the flame went up toward heaven from off the altar (on which Manoah and his wife were offering), that the angel of the Lord ascended in the flame of the altar. Judges xiii. 20. No man hath seen God at any time: the only begotten Son, which is in the bosom of the Father, he hath declared him. John i. 18. I and my Father are one. John x. 30.

23 Circumcised, &c.] See com. chap. xvii. 10. 14. In the self-same day was Abraham circumcised, and Ishmael his son; and all the men of his house, born in the house, and bought with money of the stranger, were circumcised. Gen. xvii. 26, 27. For I know him (Abraham), that he will command his children and his household after him, and they shall keep the way of the Lord, to do justice and judgment. Gen. xviii. 19. And unto Hamor, and unto Shechem his son, hearkened all that went out of the gate of the city; and every male was circumcised, all that went out of the gate of his city. Gen. xxxiv. 24. And the Lord said unto Joshua, This day have I rolled away the reproach of Egypt from you (by causing the people to be circumcised). Josh. v. 9. I made haste, and delayed not to keep thy commandments. Ps. cxix. 60. Boast not thyself of to-morrow, for thou knowest not what a day may bring forth. Prov. xxvii. 1.

Whatsoever thy hand findeth to do, do it with thy might, for there is no work, not device, nor knowledge, nor wisdom in the grave, whither thou goest. Eccles. ix. 10. And (Paul) took and circumcised “ him" (" Timotheus"), because of the Jews which were in those quarters. Acts xvi. 3. Circumcision verily profiteth, if thou keep the law; but if thou be a breaker of the law, thy circumcision is made uncircumcision. He is a Jew which is one inwardly: and circumcision is that of the heart, in the spirit, and not in the letter; whose praise is not of men, but of God. Rom. ii. 25. 29. Cometh this blessedness then upon the circumcision only, or upon the uncircumcision also? for we say that faith was reckoned to Abraham for righteousness (That he might be) the father of circumcision to them who are not of the circumcision only, but who also walk in the steps of that faith of our father Abraham, which he had being yet un circumcised. Rom. iv. 9. 12. In Christ Jesus neither circumcision availeth any thing, nor uncircumcision, but a new creature. Gal. vi.

15.

24 Abraham was ninety, &c.] See verses 1. 17. And Abram was seventy and five years old when he departed out of Haran. Gea xii. 4. And being not weak in faith, he considered not his own body now dead, when he was about an hundred years old. Rom. iv. 19.

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