Gen. ix. 6—" Whoso sheadeth man's blood, by man shall his blood bee shead."

Gen. xlii. 22-"Lo, his blood is now required."

Act V. iii. 285

"The sun will not be seen to-day!

The skie doth frown and lour upon our army.

I would, these dewy tears were from the ground.
Not shine to-day! Why what is that to me
More than to Richmond? for the selfsame Heaven
That frowns on me, looks sadly upon him."

Matt. xvi. 3-" And in the morning ye say, To-day shall be a tempest: for the skie is red and lowring."

Matt. v. 45-" He maketh His sun to rise on the evil and on the good and sendeth rain on the just and on the unjust." Ecclus. xlii. 16-" The sun that shineth looketh upon all things."

Act V. iv. 43—

"Oh now let Richmond and Elizabeth,

The true succeeders of each Royall House,

By God's faire ordinance conjoyne together."

Mark x. 8-" Therefore what God hath coupled together, let no man separate.”

THE LIFE AND DEATH OF KING RICHARD THE

SECOND.

"Richard II. seems to have followed Richard III. without delay.' Subsequently both were published anonymously in the same year (1597) as they had been 'publikely acted by the right Honorable the Lorde Chamberlaine his servants'; but the deposition scene in Richard II.,' which dealt with a topic distasteful to the Queen, was omitted from the early impressions. Prose is avoided throughout the play, a certain sign of early work. The piece was probably composed very early in 1593."-Sidney Lee, Life, pp. 63, 64.

Act I. i. 22

Norfolk. "Until the heavens, envying earth's good hap,
Add an immortal title to your crown."

1 Cor. ix. 25-" An incorruptible crown."

I Peter i. 4-" To an inheritance immortall and undefiled, and that withereth not, reserved in heaven for us."

Wic.-"eritage incorruptible."

Tyn., Cran., Gen.-" inheritance immortall."
Rheims, Author.-" inheritance incorruptible."

Act I. i. 102: Bolingbroke

"And consequently, like a traitor coward,

Sluc'd out his innocent soule through streames of blood,

Which blood, like sacrificing Abel's cries

(Even from the tonglesse caverns of the earth),

To me for justice and rough chasticement."

Direct Scripture reference

Gen. iv. 4-" And Habel also himselfe brought of the first fruites of his sheep, and of the fat of them, and the Lorde had respect unto Habel and to his offering."

Heb. xi. 4-"By faith Abel offered unto God a greater sacrifice than Cain."

Gen. iv. 8" Kain rose up against Habel his brother and slew him.” 10-" Againe he sayd, What hast thou done? the voyce of thy brother's blood cryeth unto Mee from the earth. Now therefore art thou cursed from the earth, which hath opened her

mouth to receive thy brother's blood from thine hand." 13"Then Kain sayde to the Lord, My punishment is greater than I can beare."

Deut. xxi. 9-"So shalt thou take away the cry of innocent blood from thee."

Deut. xix. 13-"But thou shalt put away the crie of innocent blood."

The Authorised gives "guilt of innocent blood" in both passages.

Act I. i. III—

Norfolk. "O let my Soveraigne turne away his face
Till I have told this slander of his blood,

How God, and good men, hate so foul a lyar."

A reference to the text in the book of Proverbs

Prov. vi. 16-"These sixe things doeth the Lord hate, yea, His soule abhorreth seven." 17-"The hautie eyes, the lying tongue, and the hands that shed innocent blood."

Ps. cxx. 2-"Deliver my soul, O Lord, from lying lips and from a deceitful tongue."

Act I. i. 137

Norfolk. "Once I did lay an ambush for your life,

A trespasse that doth vex my greeved soule;
But ere I last receiv'd the Sacrament

I did confesse it and exactly begged

Your Grace's pardon."

Mark xi. 25, 26-" But when yee shall stand and pray, forgive, if ye have anything against any man, that your Father also which is in heaven may forgive you your trespasses."

I Cor. xi. 27-"Wherefore, whosoever shall eate this bread and drinke the cup of the Lord unworthily shall be guiltie of the body and blood of the Lord."

Exhortation at the Communion Service, Genevan Bible"And if ye shall perceive your offences to be such, as be

not onely against God, but also against your neighbours, then ye shall reconcile yourselves unto them, ready to make restitution and satisfaction, according to the uttermost of your powers, for al injuries and wrongs done by you to any other; and likewise being ready to forgive other that have offended you, as you would have forgiveness of your offences at God's hand.”

Act I. i. 160-Gaunt. "To be a make-peace shall become my age."

Direct Scripture reference—

Matt. v. 9" Blessed are the peace makers: for they shall be called the children of God."

Tit. ii. 2-"That the elder one be watchful, grave, temperate, sound in the faith, in love and in patience.'

1 Tim. iii. 3-" Gentle, no fighter, not covetous."

Act I. i. 170—

Norfolk. "Pierc'd to the soule with slanders venom'd speare, The which no balme can cure, but his heart blood Which breath'd this poyson."

For parallels see

Ps. lvii. 4-"Whose teeth are speares and arrowes and their tongues a sharpe sword."

Ps. cxl. 3-" Adders' poyson is under their lips."

Act I. i. 174

King Rich. "Rage must be withstood:

Give me his gage :-Lyons make Leopards tame."

Norfolk. "Yea, but not change his spots."

Direct quotation from Scripture—

Amos iii. 8-"The Lyon hath roared: who will not be afraid."

Jer. xiii. 23-"Can the blacke moore change his skin? or the leopard his spots? then may ye also doe good, that are accustomed to doe evil."

Halliwell Phillips has pointed out that this is an excellent test word in favour of the Genevan Bible, for all the other Versions give "cat o' mountain" where the Genevan gives "leopard."

Act I. i. 177—

Norfolk. "My dear, dear lord,

The purest treasure mortal times afford

Is spotless reputation; that away

Men are but gilded loam or painted clay."

For the thought see

Eccles. vii. 3-" A good name is better than a good oyntment."
Prov. xxii. 1-"A good name is to be chosen above great

riches, and loving favour is above silver and above gold."

Job xxxiii. 6-"I am also formed of the clay."

Job x. 9-" Thou hast made mee as the clay and wilt Thou bring me into dust againe."

Act I. i. 209

Gaunt. "But since correction lyeth in those hands

Which made the fault that we cannot correct,
Put we our quarrell to the will of heaven;
Who when they see the houres ripe on earth

Will raigne hot vengeance on offenders' head."

Direct Scripture reference

Gen. xix. 13-"For we will destroy this place because the crie of them is greate before the Lord, and the Lord hath sent us to destroy it." 24-"Then the Lord rained upon Sodom and Gomorrah brimstone and fire from the Lord, out of heaven."

Ps. cv. 32; Ezek. xxxviii. 8.

Act I. ii. 37

Gaunt. "Heaven's is the quarrel: for heaven's substitute,
His Deputy annointed in His sight,

Hath caus'd his death, the which if wrongfully

Let heaven revenge: for I may never lift

An angry arme against His Minister."

For the teaching see

1 Sam. xxvi. 9—“ And David sayde to Abishai, Destroy him not; for who can lay his hand upon the Lord's anoynted and be giltlesse."

I Sam. xxiv. 7—“ And he saide unto his men, The Lorde keepe mee from doing that thing unto my master the Lord's Anoynted, to lay mine hand upon him for he is the Anoynted of the Lord."

Ps. xciv. I "O Lord God the Avenger: O God, the Avenger shew Thyselfe clearly."

Note in margin-“Whose office is to take vengeance on the wicked."

Act I. ii. 42—

Duchess. "Where then alas may I complaint my selfe." Gaunt. "To Heaven, the widdowe's champion to defence." Direct reference to the words of Scripture

Exod. xxii. 22-24-"Ye shall not trouble any widow nor fatherlesse child. If thou vex or trouble such, and so he cal and