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Conc. xiii. 1-1264. For the Council of Constantinople which condemned it, see ibid. 1365.

Pisa. Milan. Lyons, A.D. 1511.

The style of a General Council was assumed by the French and Italian Bishops, who, without any concurrence on the part of the Bishop of Rome, assembled at Pisa, in the year 1511, thence moved to Milan, and afterwards to Lyons. Its proceedings were condemned by the Pope, Julius II., and they are not recognized by the Church of Rome.

XVIII. Lateran, 5. A.D. 1512-1517

The next Council admitted to be a General one by some of the Romans, is that of no more than 114 bishops assembled by Julius II., in opposition to that of Pisa abovementioned. They met in the Lateran Church in the year 1512. There is nothing worth noticing in its proceedings: and, indeed, according to Bellarmine, its authority altogether is a matter of dispute among the Romans themselves.-Conc. xiv. 1-344. Bellarm. de Conc. lib. ii. c. 13.

XVIII. Trent, A.D. 1545–1563.

The last Synod which claimed the character of a General Council, is that which was convened by

Paul III., at Trent, in the year 1545, and, by repeated prorogations, was continued throughout the reigns of his successors Julius III., Marcellus II., and Paul IV., and at last eoncluded under Pius IV., in the year 1563. For the enormity of its decrees, for its outrageous violations of former General Councils, and for its rash and reckless sentences of anathema, whereby, if they are to be understood retrospectively, four-fifths at least of the Fathers of the Church, will be found to be condemned, it is without parallel in the annals of the Christian Church. The number of bishops present at it was extremely limited. Labbé and Cossart state, that in the fourth session (which set forth the new canon of Scripture), there were three legates, eight Archbishops, and forty-three bishops, fifty-four in all; in the sixth (which issued the decrees concerning Justification), four Cardinals, ten Archbishops, and forty-seven Bishops, sixty-one in all in the thirteenth (which defined Transubstantiation), four Legates, six Archbishops, and thirty-four Bishops-forty-four in all. In the last session, Labbé and Cossart have scraped together the names of seven Legates, two Cardinals, three Patriarchs, thirty-three Archbishops, and 237 Bishops, as present; making in all 282, besides eleven proxies. If this is correct, then the Council was very far from being of one mind. In a Roman edition of the Council before me, A.D. 1763, which contains "Patrum subscriptiones, eadem prorsus ratione, ordineque, quo visuntur in authenticis

actis, in Pontificio archivo custoditis," there appear no more than 200 signatures of cardinals, patriarchs, archbishops and bishops, present; and nineteen of persons representing themselves as proxies for thirtyfour others. This is the utmost strength of a synod which dared to anathematize the Catholic Church from its foundation, and to set up a new communion; and of these about two-thirds were from Italy (TT), the rest, with very few exceptions, from France and Spain: and the most flagrant of all the outrages which were there perpetrated, were the work of cabals varying from forty to sixty.-Conc. xiv. 725-938.

NOTES

TO THE

TABLE OF COUNCILS.

Constantinople, A.D. 754.

NOTE (A), PAGE 77.

Ἐποίησε γὰρ ὁ τοιοῦτος εἰκόνα, ὀνομάσας αὐτὴν Χριστόν. Καὶ ἔστι τὸ, Χριστὸς, ὄνομα, Θεὸς καὶ ἄνθρωπος· λοιπὸν, καὶ εἰκὼν Θεοῦ καὶ ἀνθρώπου. καὶ λοιπὸν ἢ συμπεριέγραψε κατὰ τὸ δοκοῦν τῇ αὐτοῦ ματαιότητι τὸ ἀπερίγραφον τῆς θεότητος τῇ περιγραφῇ τῆς κτιστῆς σαρκὸς, ἢ συνέχεε τὴν ἀσύγχυτον ἕνωσιν ἐκείνην, τῷ τῆς συγχύσεως ανομήματι περιπεσών, δύο βλασφημίας ἐκ τούτου τῇ θεότητι προσάψας διὰ τῆς περιγραφῆς τε καὶ συγχύσεως.—Conc. vii. 436.

Σκοπητέον γὰρ καὶ ἐν τούτῳ, ὅτι εἰ κατὰ τοὺς ὀρθοδόξους πατέρας, ἅμα σὰρξ, ἅμα Θεοῦ λόγου σὰρξ, μηδέποτε μερισμοῦ ἔννοιαν δεχομένη, ἀλλ' ὅλη ὅλως τῇ θείᾳ φύσει προσληφθεῖσα, καὶ ὁλοκλήρως θεωθεῖσα, πῶς διχασθήσεται, ἢ ἰδιοστατηθήσεται παρὰ τῶν ἀσεβῶς τοῦτο δρᾷν ἐπιχειρούντων ; ὅπου γὰρ ψυχὴ Χριστοῦ, ἐκεῖ καὶ ἡ θεότης καὶ ὅπου σῶμα Χριστοῦ, ἐκεῖ καὶ ἡ θεότης.—Ibid. 440, 441.

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συναχθήσεται οὖν τοῖς τοῦ Χριστοῦ εἰκόνα γράφειν οἰομένοις ἢ τὸ θεῖον περιγραπτὸν καὶ τῇ σαρκὶ συγχυθὲν, ἢ τὸ σῶμα τοῦ Χριστ τοῦ ἀθέωτον καὶ διῃρημένον, κ. τ. λ.-Ibid. 444.

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NOTE (B), PAGE 78.

ὁ δὲ τολμῶν ἀπὸ τοῦ παρόντος κατασκευάσαι εἰκόνα, ἢ προσκυνῆσαι, ἢ στῆσαι ἐν ἐκκλησίᾳ ἢ ἐν ἰδιωτικῷ οἴκῳ, ἢ κρύψαι, εἰ μὲν ἐπίσκοπος ἢ πρεσβύτερος ἢ διάκονος εἶεν, καθαιρείσθω.—Ibid. 508.

NOTE (c), PAGE 78.

Εἴ τις οὐχ ὁμολογεῖ τὴν ἀειπαρθένον Μαρίαν κυρίως καὶ ἀληθῶς Θεοτόκον, ὑπερτέραν τε εἶναι πάσης ὁρατῆς καὶ αοράτου κτίσεως, καὶ μετὰ εἰλικρινοῦς πίστεως τὰς αὐτῆς οὐκ ἐξαιτεῖται πρεσβείας, ὡς παῤῥησίαν ἐχούσης πρὸς τὸν ἐξ αὐτῆς τεχθέντα Θεὸν ἡμῶν, ἀνάθεμα. -Ibid. 524.

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NOTE (D), PAGE 78.

τὰς τούτων οὐκ ἐξαιτεῖται προσευχας, ὡς παῤῥησίαν ἐχόντων ὑπὲρ τοῦ κόσμου πρεσβεύειν, κατὰ τὴν ἐκκλησιαστικὴν παράδοσιν, ἀνάθεμα.—Ibid. 528.

NOTE (E), PAGE 7.

Εὐφρανθήτωσαν . . . . οἱ τὴν ἀληθῆ τοῦ Χριστοῦ εἰκόνα εἰλικρινεστάτῃ ψυχῇ ποιοῦντες . . . ἣν αὐτὸς ὁ ἱεροτελεστὴς καὶ Θεὸς, τὸ ἡμῶν ἐξ ἡμῶν ὁλικῶς ἀναλαβόμενος φύραμα, κατὰ τὸν καιρὸν τοῦ ἑκουσίου πάθους εἰς τύπον καὶ ἀνάμνησιν ἐναργεστάτην τοῖς αὐτοῦ μύσταις παραδέδωκε.—Ibid. 445.

Nice, II. A. D. 787.

NOTE (F), PAGE 79.

Ut Constantinopoli conveniretur constitutum fuerat, et reipsa observatum.-Not. Sever, Bin. Conc. vii. 651.

NOTE (G), PAGE 79.

Ita Sacrosancta Synodus oecumenica Constantinopoli turbata, Nicææ fuit habita, &c.-Ibid. ibid.

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