Abbots, deposition of, 43, 121; rules respecting, 121; duties of, 266, 267 Abelard, 320
Acre, siege of, 201, 202
Adela, Countess of Blois, 126, 144 Adeliza of Louvain, second wife of Henry I., 139
Adrian IV., pope (Nicholas Brake-
Ælfheah, St., or Alphege, 62, 63
Ælfwig, abbot of the New Minster,
Æthelric, bp. of Selsey, 17, 34 Æthelsige, abbot of Ramsey, 16 Æthelwine, bp. of Durham, II, 15 Ethelwold, bp. of Winchester, 248 Agnellus of Pisa conducts Franciscans into England, 305, 325
with William Rufus, 91-108; in Rome and Apulia, 108, 109; at council of Bari, 109, IIO; at council in Rome, III; returns to England, 115; his first dispute with Henry I., 116; marries Henry to Matilda, 117; makes peace between Henry and Robert of Normandy, 118; strife of, with Henry I. about lay investiture, 119-128; his last days, 129-131; his writings, 313- 315
Anselm, abbot of St. Saba, 134, 135 Appeals to Rome, 69, 226, 283, 291 Archbishoprics, mode of electing to, 284
Archdeacons, character of, 292; duties of, 299
Ailred, abbot of Rivaulx, his descrip- Architecture, growth of, 2; styles of,
Albans, St., abbey of, 22, 25, 44; a Arnulph, bp. of Lisieux, 177
seat of learning, 318
Alberic, a papal legate, 146
Alexander II., pope, 4, 25, 52 Alexander III., pope, 161, 174 Alexander IV., pope, releases Henry III. from his oath, 244 Alexander, bp. of Lincoln, 147; seized by King Stephen, 148; a patron of learned men, 319 Amesbury, nuns of, expelled, 186 Amiens, the "Mise of," 244 Anselm, St., 2, 3, 27; visits Lanfranc, 62, 63, 84, 85; early life of, 81-85; first meeting of, with William Rufus, 86; nominated to See of Canterbury, 88, 89; consecrated, 92; strife of,
Bartholomew, bp. of Exeter 161 Basset, Fulk, bp. of London, 244 Bath made a bishop's see, 51, 72 Battle Abbey, church of, consecrated, 94; account of its foundation, 251, 252; its privileges, 253
Bayham, Premonstratensian abbey of, 265
Beaulieu, Cistercian abbey of, 263 Bec, abbey of, 23-26, 82, 123, 127 Becket. See Thomas Benedict, St., 196; rule of, 315 Benedictines, the reform of, 1; rule of, not strictly kept before Norman conquest, 248; Lanfranc's reform of, 249
Berengar of Tours, his teaching on the Eucharist, 312; opposed by Lanfranc, 313
Berkshire, clergy of, resist demands of papal legate, 236
Bernard, bp. of St. David's, 139 Bernard, St., 151, 153, 256, 257,258, 259, 260, 298
Bishops, character of Norman, in England, 274; three types of, 276; influence of, 282
Bishoprics, modes of electing to, 283; papal interference with, 283, 284; difference between the mediæval and modern idea of, 284 Black Canons, 265. See Augustinians Blundel, John, elected abp. of Canter-
bury, rejected by the pope, 228 Bologna, study of law at, 292; uni- versity of, 315, 322
Cantilupe, Walter de, bp. of Wor-
cester, 237, 244, 245 Carlisle, see of, founded, 143 Carthusians, the, I; their houses in England, 266
Cathedrals, two classes of, 286; re- venues of, 287; relation of bishops to, ib.
Celestine II., pope, 151
Celibacy of clergy, attempts to en- force, 296-298
Chancellor, the, of Oxford University, 324 Chapelries, 295
Chaplains, royal, character of, 276 Chapters, cathedral, 287 Charles the Great, 3, 21
Charter, the great, granted, 218; annulled by papal Bull, 219; con- firmed, 221; aid of the Church in obtaining, 331
Chester, Earl of, opposes papal tax, 226
Chester, made a bishop's see, 50 Chichester made a bishop's see, 50 Christchurch, Canterbury, monks of, their strife with archbishops, 288-
Chrodegang, bp. of Metz, his rule for secular canons, 10, 36, 248 Cirencester, abbey of, 143 Cistercians, the, 1; mulcted by King John, 213; foundation of the Order, 255; rules of, ib.; settle- ments of, in England, 257-263 Clairvaux, abbey of, founded, 256
Boniface of Savoy, abp. of Canter- Clarendon, council of, 167; constitu-
Bouvines, King John defeated in battle at, 217 Brakespeare, Nicholas. See Adrian IV. Brand, abbot of Peterborough, 7 Byland, abbey of, transferred from
order of Savigny to Citeaux, 262
Calixtus II., pope, 136, 138, 140 Cambridge, university of, 324 Canon Law, study of, 50, 292, 322 Canons, regular and secular, 265 Canterbury, rivalry between see of, and York (see York, cathedral of); cathedral rebuilt, 33; architecture of cathedral, 329
tions of, 167-169, 174, 185 Clergy, character of the English, 27, 28; rules concerning, 121, 141, 142; the parochial, 293; from what classes drawn, 295; learning and conduct of, 298, 301; duties of, 299
Clerks, trial of criminous, 165 Cluniacs, the, taxed by King John, 212; their rule, 250; their houses in England, 253-255; weak points in their system, 255
Cluny, abbey of, 21, 250, 253, 254, 255
Conches, William of, 320 Confession, rules concerning, 300
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