of which felf is the object, expands itself upon a house, a garden, fervants, equipage, and every acceffory. A lover addreffeth his mistress's glove in the following terms:

Sweet ornament that decks a thing divine.

Veneration for relics has the fame natural foundation; and that foundation with the fuperftructure of fuperftition, has occafioned much blind devotion to the most ridiculous objects, to the fuppofed milk, for example, of the Virgin Mary, or the fuppofed blood of St Janivarius *. A temple is in a proper fense an acceffory of the deity to which it is dedicated: Diana is chafte, and not only her temple, but the very ificle which hangs on it, muft partake of that property:

The noble fifter of Poplicola,

The moon of Rome; chafte as the ificle

That's curdled by the froft from purest fnow,
And hangs on Dian's temple.

Coriolanus, Act v. Sc. 3

Thus it is, that the refpect and esteem, which the great, the powerful, the opulent, naturally command,

* But why worship the cross which is fuppofed to be that upon which our Saviour fuffered? That cross ought to be the object of hatred, not of veneration. If it be urged, that as an inftrument of Christ's fuffering it was falutary to mankind, I anfwer, Why is not alfo Pontius Pilate reverenced, Caiaphas the high priest, and Judas Ifcariot ?

command, are in fome measure communicated to their dress, to their manners, and to all their connections: and it is this communication of properties, which, prevailing even over the natural taste of beauty, helps to give currency to what is called the fashion.

By means of the fame eafinefs of communication, every bad quality in an enemy is spread upon all his connections. The sentence pronounced against Ravaillac for the affaffination of Henry IV. of France, ordains, that the house in which he was born fhould be razed to the ground, and that no other building should ever be erected on that spot. Enmity will extend paffion to objects ftill lefs connected. The Swiss fuffer no peacocks to live, because the Duke of Auftria, their ancient enemy, wears a peacock's tail in his creft. A relation more flight and tranfitory than that of enmity, may have the fame effect thus the bearer of bad tidings becomes an object of averfion :

Fellow, begone; I cannot brook thy fight;
This news hath made thee a most ugly man.

King John, Act 111. Sc. 1.

Yet the first bringer of unwelcome news
Hath but a lofing office: and his tongue
Sounds ever after, as a fullen bell
Remember'd, tolling a departed friend.

Second Part, Henry IV. A&t 1. Sc.

E 3

3.

In

In borrowing thus properties from one object to bestow them on another, it is not any object indifferently that will anfwer. The object from which properties are borrowed, must be fuch as to warm the mind and enliven the imagination. Thus the beauty of a miftrefs, which inflames the imagination, is readily communicated to a glove, as above mentioned; but the greatest beauty a glove is fufceptible of, touches the mind fo little, as to be entirely dropped in paffing from it to the owner. In general, it may be observed, that any drefs upon a fine woman is becoming; but that ornaments upon one who is homely, must be elegant indeed to have any remarkable effect in mending her appearance

The emotions produced as above may properly be termed fecondary, being occafioned either by antecedent emotions or antecedent paffions, which in that refpect may be termed primary. And to complete the present theory, I muft add, that a fecondary emotion may readily fwell into a paffion for the acceffory object, provided the acceffory

* A house and gardens furrounded with pleasant fields, all in good order, bestow greater luftre upon the owner than at firft will be imagined The beauties of the former are, by intimacy of connection, readily communicated to the latter; and if it have been done at the expence of the owner himself, we naturally transfer to him whatever of defign, art, or tafte, appears in the performance. Should not this be a ftrong motive with proprietors to embellish and improve their fields?

acceffory be a proper object for defire. Thus it happens that one paffion is often productive of another examples are without number; the fole difficulty is a proper choice. I begin with felf-love, and the power it hath to generate love to children. Every man, befide making part of a greater fyftem, like a comet, a planet, or fatellite only, hath a lefs fyftem of his own, in the centre of which he represents the fun darting his fire and heat all around; especially upon his nearest connections: the connection between a man and his children, fundamentally that of cause and effect, becomes, by the addition of other circumftances, the completest that can be among individuals; and therefore felf-love, the moft vigorous of all paffions, is readily expanded upon children. The fecondary emotion they produce by means of their connection, is fufficiently ftrong to move defire even from the beginning; and the new paffion fwells by degrees, till it rival in fome measure felf-love, the primary paffion. To demonftrate the truth of this theory, I urge the following argument. Remorfe for betraying a friend, or murdering an enemy in cold blood, makes a man even hate himself in that state, he is not confcious of affection to his children, but rather of disguft or ill-will. What caufe can be affigned for that change, other than the hatred he has to himself, which is expanded upon his children. And if

fo, may we not with equal reafon derive from selflove, fome part at least of the affection a man generally has to them?

The affection a man bears to his blood-relations, depends partly on the fame principle: felflove is also expanded upon them; and the communicated paffion is more or lefs vigorous in proportion to the degree of connection. Nor doth felf-love rest here: it is, by the force of connection, communicated even to things inanimate : and hence the affection a man bears to his property, and to every thing he calls his own.

Friendship, lefs vigorous than felf love, is, for that reafon, lefs apt to communicate itself to the friend's children, or other relations. Inftances however are not wanting of fuch communicated paffion, arifing from friendship when it is ftrong. Friendship may go higher in the matrimonial ftate than in any other condition; and Otway, in Venice Preferv'd, takes advantage of that circumftance in the scene where Belvidera fues to her father for pardon, fhe is reprefented as pleading her mother's merits, and the refemblance fhe bore to her mother:

Priuli. My daughter!

Belvidera. Yes, your daughter, by a mother
Virtuous and noble, faithful to your honour,
Obedient to your will, kind to your wishes,
Dear to your arms. By all the joys the gave you

When