Simonis in Onomast., V. T., p. 135, vel omnes interpretes vident, quam superest ut viros superbos, ex Arab. D, sursum sustulit solvant.--Nodum solvit pagina ipsa sacra, caput, superbivit, vel gigantes, coll. Arab. non omittens D', ut illi filii Esau, DY, vir crassus, fortis, audax, nomine qui nunc aguntur, distinguantur ab aliis, qui vocantur Edom, qui transitum denegant, quique in libro Numerorum non dicuntur, ut hoc loco habitantes in Seir. Ver. 29. Rosen.-29, Sicut fecerunt .indicari arbitratur זַמְמִים ,11-21 .repugnat is, que legimus Num. xx בְּשָׂעִיר וְהַמּוֹאָבִים הַיֹּשְׁבִים בְּעֶר עַד ubi Edomitte Israelitis transitum per eorum אֲשֶׁר־אֶעֲבֹר אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּן אֶל־הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר־ ditionem negasse dicuntur. Nam de quibus יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵינוּ נֹתֵן לָנוּ : filii 72723 Esavi, qui in Seire habitant. Hoc non in Num. agitur Idumæi (8), qui Hebræis καθὼς ἐποίησάν μοι οἱ υἱοὶ Ἡσαῦ οἱ κατοι- transitum negarant, diversi sunt ab iis, qui κοῦντες ἐν Σηεὶρ, καὶ οἱ Μωαβίται οἱ κατοι- hic memorantur, filiis Esavi, qui in Seire κοῦντες ἐν ̓Αροὴρ ἕως ἂν παρέλθω τὸν Ἰορδάνην habitant. Hi igitur Esavitæ, qui montana εἰς τὴν γῆν ἣν κύριος ὁ θεὸς ἡμῶν δίδωσιν in australibus Palaestinae fnibus, hodie Dscheἡμῖν. bal (2) dicta, tenebant, Hebræis transitum concesserunt. Cf. Alterthumsk., p. iii., p. 69, sq. Interpres Samar. h. 1. posuit, intellexit procul dubio eam regionem, quæ Ps. lxxxiii. 8 vocatur noSita mine eodem, quod hodienum tenet. erat prope Ammonitas, Idumææ proprie dictæ ad orientem. Au. Ver.-29 (As the children of Esau which dwell in Seir, and the Moabites which dwell in Ar, did unto me ;) until I shall pass over Jordan into the land which the LORD our God giveth us. As the children of Esau-did unto me. Pool.-Object. The king of Edom, i. e., of the children of Esau, did not grant them passage, Numb. xx. Answ. They did permit them to pass quietly by the borders, though not through the heart of their land; and in their passage the people sold them meat and drink, being, it seems, more kind to them than their king would have had them; and therefore they here ascribe this favour not to the king, though they are now treating with a king, but to the people, the children of Esau. Ver. 30. See notes on Booth.-Suffered to become hard. Ver. 31. Au. Ver.-Sihon and his land. Bp. Patrick.-29 As the children of Esau.]s He doth not mean that they granted Israel they did not deny to sell them meat and is nine hol drink for their money, as they passed by their coasts. Booth.-29 It does not appear that either the Edomites or Moabites permitted the Israelites to pass through their land; at least on the first application, according to the Sam. It is not improbable that, on more full information respecting their designs, they afterwards permitted them, and supplied them with what they wanted for money. It is only on such a supposition that the passage is reconcilable with the text itself, ver. 8 and Numb, xx. 21. Au. Ver.-36 From Aroer, which is by the brink of the river of Arnon, and from the city that is by the river, even unto Gilead, there was not one city too strong for us; the LORD our God delivered all unto us. Houb.-Non concesserunt Israelitis Idumæi ut per fines suos transirent ut liquet, ex Bp. Patrick. From the city that is by the Num. cap. xx. 21. Eam difficultatem river.] This some take to be the city Ar (Numb. xxi. 15). But I think these words should rather be translated, "even the city in the river" [so Bp. Horsley]; meaning Aroer still, as a remarkable place, being encompassed with the river (Josh. xii. 2). For Ar, I think, was never in the possession of the Amorites, being the capital city of Moab. Bp. Horsley.-36 Rather, "From Aroer, which is upon the banks of the river, even the city which is in the river." So, in Josh. xii. 2, and xiii. 9 and 16, and 2 Sam. xxiv. 5, this city is described as in the midst of the river. If the river divided itself into two branches just above the city, which united again just below it, the situation of the city on the island formed by the two arms of the river, would be literally on the banks of the river, and in the middle of the river. See Bishop Patrick on this place, and Reland's Palestine, p. 118. Ged. From Aroer, the city which is on the hither brink of the torrent Arnon, unto Gilead, there was not a city, &c. Booth. From Aroer, which is on the brink of the river Arnon, and every other city that is on the river, even unto Gilead, &c. Rosen. - he he, Et urbs, i. e., urbes aliæ, que ad illum torrentem site , Quæ altior fuerit quam nos, quæ munitior fuerit, quam ut a nobis capi possit. Munitarum nempe urbium alta erant moenia. erant. Ver. 37. Au. Ver.-8 And we took at that time out of the hand of the two kings of the Amorites the land that was on this side Jordan, from the river of Arnon unto mount Hermon; 9 (Which Hermon the Sidonians call Sirion; and the Amorites call it Shenir ;) 10 All the cities of the plain, and all Gilead, and all Bashan, unto Salchah and Edrei, cities of the kingdom of Og in Bashan. 11 For only Og king of Bashan remained of the remnant of giants; behold, his bedstead was a bedstead of iron; is it not in Rabbath of the children of Ammon? nine cubits was the length thereof, and four cubits the breadth of it, after the cubit of a man. Booth.-9, 10, 11, That these verses are an early interpolation is generally admitted. They are not connected with the narrative, and could not be written by Moses. Houbigant, indeed, attempts to defend them; but his argument, that Moses wrote not for the use of the Israelites alone, is certainly feeble. Let us hear Dathe: "De hac pericopa multo magis quam de illis in precedente capite dubitari potest, an sit a manu Mosis, et non potius ab alia addita. Minimè quidem necessarium videtur, ut Moses Israelites doceat Ogum Basanis regem fuisse gigantem, quippe eum viderant, et prælio cum eo decertarant. Verbum verti non lectum, sed feretrum, ex conjectura Michaëlis non Pool. Of the river Jabbok, i.e., beyond improbabili...Sed sive per lectum, sive per Jabbok; for that was the border of the Ammonites, Josh. xii. 2. Object. Half the land of the Ammonites is said to be given to the tribe of Gad, Josh. xiii. 25. Answ.. This is true of that half of it which the Amorites had taken from them, but not of the other half, which yet was in the possession of the Ammonites. Au. Ver.-37 Only unto the land of the children of Ammon thou camest not, nor unto any place of the river Jabbok, nor unto the cities in the mountains, nor unto : whatsoever the LORD our God forbad us. feretrum vertatur, neutrum Israelitis inno- Bp. Patrick. Is it not in Rabbath of the children of Ammon?] This is thought by Au. Ver.-13 And the rest of Gilead, and all Bashan, being the kingdom of Og, gave I unto the half tribe of Manasseh; all the region of Argob, with all Bashan, which was called the land of giants. some to be a considerable objection against 13 καὶ τὸ κατάλοιπον τοῦ Γαλαάδ, καὶ πᾶσαν Moses being the author of this book : for τὴν Βασὰν βασιλείαν Ωγ ἔδωκα τῷ ἡμίσει how should this bedstead, say they, come to φυλῆς Μανασσῆ, καὶ πᾶσαν περίχωρον Αργοβ, the children of Ammon in his days? Νο πᾶσαν Βασὰν ἐκείνην, γῆ Ραφαῒν λογισθήdoubt, they imagine it would have remained σETAL. 11 καὶ Ἰαΐρ υἱὸς Μανασσῆ ἔλαβε in Bashan whilst Og lived; though, in πᾶσαν τὴν περίχωρον ̓Αργὸβ ἕως τῶν ὁρίων length of time, it might be carried into the Γαργασὶ καὶ Μαχαθί. ἐπωνόμασεν αὐτὰς ἐπὶ country of the Ammonites : as, if Og, fear- τῷ ὀνόματι αὐτοῦ τὴν Βασὰν Θαυὼθ Ἰαΐρ ἕως ing the worst, might not send his bed and rys ημépas Taúτηs. his best furniture unto the Ammonites, knowing they would be safe among them, because the Israelites were forbid to make war upon them. Or Moses having conquered the country, and kept all the spoil (ver. 7), might not sell this, among other 14 Jair the son of Manasseh took all the goods, to the children of Ammon, who pre- country of Argob unto the coasts of Geshuri served it in their capital city. Nobody can and Maachathi; and called them after his see an unreasonableness in either of these own name Bashan-havoth-jair, unto this day. suppositions of Huetius. Nor do I see how 13 All the region of Argob, &c. the conjecture of another learned person Booth. The whole region of Argob, (Andreæas Masius, upon the twelfth of which, of all Bashan, was alone called the Joshua) can be confuted; which is, that land of the Rephaites. the Ammonites drove out that monstrous sort of people, mentioned ii. 21. Og might possibly escape (and so is said here to be left of the remnant of the giants), who, flying hither to the Amorites, was made their king, because of his goodly presence and great valour. But the Ammonites kept his bedstead, and showed it as a monument of that illustrious victory which they got over the Rephaim, or, as they called them, the Zamzummims, in that country. Ver. 12. Au. Ver.-12 And this land, which we possessed at that time, from Aroer, which is by the river Arnon, and half mount Gilead, and the cities thereof, gave I unto the Reubenites and to the Gadites. Au. Ver.-Possessed. Ged., Booth.-Took possession of. Geddes, Boothroyd, and others suppose that the last clause of ver. 13 and the whole of verse 14 are an interpolation. Houbigant and Rosenmüller suppose that the last three words only have been added to the text. Ged., Booth.-14 But Jair, the son of Manasseh, took all the country of Argob unto the borders of the Geshurites and Maachathites; and called after his own name that part of Bashan Havoth-jair [the villages of Jair]. Unto this day. Pool. This must be put among those other passages which were not written by Moses [so Houbigant, Rosenmüller], but added by those holy men who digested the books of Moses into this order, and inserted some very few passages to accommodate things to their own time and people. Bp. Patrick.--Unto this day.] From whence cavils are raised against Moses being the author of this book: when the most that can be concluded from hence is, that, upon the revising of these books by Ezra, he put in these words to certify the reader, that still they retained this name; as somebody, i no doubt, added the history of Moses's bdeath at the end of this book. greatest defenders of the authority of these AESE VON books, as written by Moses himself, make ben 1wan-bab Sinsa 13 This the הַהוּא יִקְרָא ; But there is no necessity to yield so much הַבָּשָׁן חַוּת יָאִיר עַד הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה : wins ban-bans no scruple to allow; particularly Huetius, and since him Hermannus Witzius, in his ny jew-by 8 897 DEEP! Miscellanea Sacra, lib. i., cap. 14, sect. 47. for Moses might say this himself, though it belonged to them, as the other half did to Ver. 16, 17. will appear by comparing this place with two bobo render half of the valley ; and where the וְעַד־נַחַל אַרְוֹן תּוֹךְ הַנַּחַל וּגְבָל וְעַד bounds of silhons kingdom, which was the יַבֵּק הַנַּחַל גְּבוּל בְּנֵי עַמּוֹן : לי וְהָעֲרָבָה ,ben and Gad, are thus described, from Aroer וְהַיַּרְדֵּן וּגְבֶל מִכִּפְרֶת וְעַד יָם הָעֲרָבָה ,which is upon the bank of the river of Arnon יָם הַמֶּלַח תַּחַת אַשְׁלַּת הַפִּכְנָּה : JT 16 καὶ τῷ Ρουβὴν καὶ τῷ Γὰδ δέδωκα, ὑπὸ τῆς Faλaad eos xeiμápрov 'Apvôv μéσov тoù xe‹μάῤῥου ὅριον καὶ ἕως τοῦ Ἰαβόκ, ὁ χειμάρῥους ὅριον τοῖς υἱοῖς ̓Αμμάν. 17 καὶ ἡ "Αραβα καὶ ὁ Ἰορδάνης ὅριον Μαχαναρέθ, καὶ ἕως θαλάσσης "Αραβα, θαλάσσης ἁλυκῆς ὑπὸ 'Ασηδώθ τὴν Φασγὰ ἀνατολῶν. Au. Ver.-16 And unto the Reubenites and unto the Gadites I gave from Gilead even unto the river Arnon half the valley, and the border even unto the river Jabbok, which is the border of the children of Am mon; same portion here mentioned as given to Reu and from the middle of the river, and from half Gilead, even unto the river Jabbok, which is the border of the children of Ammon. 2. With Deut. ii. 36, From Aroer, which is by the brink of the river of Arnon, and from the city that is by the river, or rather, as the Hebrew hath it, in the river, i. e, from Ar, which was the chief city of the Moabites, and therefore denied to the Israelites, as is here implied, and more fully expressed, Deut. ii. 9, which city was seated in an island in the middle of the river. So that here we have a just and full reason why the border of this land given to Reuben and Gad is so nicely and critically described 17 The plain also, and Jordan, and the here, even to the middle of a river, which, coast thereof, from Chinnereth even unto although in truth and strictness it be the the sea of the plain, even the salt sea, under bound of those lands which are divided by Ashdoth-pisgah [or, under the springs of a river, yet is not usually expressed in the Pisgah, or, the hill] eastward. description of borders, either in Scripture or Pool.-16 Half the valley, or rather to other authors, because here was an eminent the middle of the river; for the word ren-city of the Moabites in the middle of this dered half signifies commonly middle; and river, which by this curious and exact dethe same Hebrew word signifying both a scription is excepted from their possession, as valley and a brook or river, it seems more God would have it to be. And the border reasonable to understand it of a river, as the even unto the river Jabbok: the meaning same word is here rendered in the next seems to be this, and the border, to wit, of foregoing clause of this verse, than of a their land, was, which verb substantive is valley, which was not mentioned before, commonly understood, or went forth, (as the especially seeing there is here an article phrase is, Josh. xv. 6, 7, &c,) from thence, to added which seems to be emphatical, and to wit, from the river Arnon, even unto the river note that river, to wit, now mentioned. Jabbok, for so indeed their border did proAdd to this, that there was no such valley, ceed. Which is the border of the children of much less any half valley, belonging both Ammon. Object. This was the border beunto the Reubenites and Gadites. But ac- tween them and the Manassites, as is evident, cording to the other translation the sense is and therefore not the border of the Amplain and agreeable to the truth, that their monites. Answ. It bordered upon the Maland extended from Gilead unto Arnon, nassites in one part, and upon the Ammonites and, to speak exactly, to the middle of that in another part, to wit, in that part which is river; for as that river was the border remoter from Jordan, and so both are true. between them and others, so one half of it! Bp. Patrick. Half the valley.] The same word in the Hebrew language signifies both | Bp. Patrick.-The word thereof is not in a valley, and a brook or river: and being the Hebrew therefore these words may be translated in the foregoing words, the river, better rendered "the coast of Cinnereth." it should be so here likewise, half the river; Called "the Sea of Chinnereth,' Josh. that is, to the middle of the river Arnon; xii. 3; xiii. 27, it lying upon a country and a by which the bounds of their country are city called by that name (Josh xi. 2; most exactly set. And thus not only the xix. 35), which gave the name to this sea, LXX and the Vulgar, but Onkelos also called in the New Testament, "the Sea of translates it, "the middle of the torrent; Galilee," and "the Sea of Gennesareth," yea, we ourselves also in the twelfth of and at last "the Sea of Tiberias;" in honour Josh. ii., where there are the same words, of the emperor Tiberius (see upon Numb. which in the Hebrew run thus, "unto the xxxiv. 11). river Arnon, the midst of the river: " where the city of Aroer stood, encompassed by the river, as I observed in the foregoing chap., ver. 36. And the border.] Something is understood, viz., went (as the phrase is Josh. xv. 6, 7, &c.) or reached, or some such word. Or the meaning must be, "the country bordering upon that river.” Rosen.—16, 17, Usque ad torrentem Arnon. Incipit describere circumeundo, quibus terminis tota illa duarum tribuum terra contineatur. A meridie constituit torrentem Arnon (vid. Num. xxi. 13), et quidem mediam et extremam ejus partem (2) quæ in mare mortuum fluit. Verba secundum accentus ita sunt distinguenda, ut 2 referatur non Bp. Horsley.-I am inclined to suspect ad 7, sed ad nomen 7, quod præcedit, that the two words are misplaced, hac sententia: et dedi Rubenitis et Gaditis and that many others are wanting. The, a Gilead usque ad fluvium Arnon, next verse describes the extent of the porpo, medium fluvii et termini, vel tion of the Reubenites and Gadites, from terminum, id est omne illud, quod est inter north to south, on the western side. I fluvium et hunc terminum, vel, ut Jarchi, guess that this verse described the extent fluvium et aliquid amplius pro termino, et from north to south, on the eastern side; so that the two verses together completely defined the boundaries of that tract of land. I would read,— usque ad Jacob fluvium, terminum filiorum Ammon. 17, Et planitiem ad orientalem Jordanis ripam., Et terminus est a Cinnereth usque ad mare planitiei, id est, mare salis, i. e., mortuum: quod tractum planitiei illius occupat, quam Mare planitiei autem ארנן : וגבל מן יבק הנחל גבול בני .Jordanes permeat עמון ועד ערער אשר בתוך הנחל -"Arnon; and the border is from the river Jabbok, the border of the children of Ammon, unto Aroer, which is in the middle of the river Arnon." lacus ille vocatur. Ged. I have retained the Hebrew name, but I have little doubt that means the streams or cataracts that fell from the mountain Phisga. Ged.-16 And to the Reubenites and Gadites I gave all the land from Gilead unto the Prof. Lee.-28, m. 78, f. f. constr. torrent Arnon, the whole interior confine of. Chald. 8, f. fulcrum, sustenthat torrent, and thence to where the torrent taculum, Buxtorf Lex. Talmud, col. 234. Jabok is the boundary of the Ammonites: 17 The plain also, and the coast of Jordan, &c. Booth.-16 And to the Reubenites and to the Gadites, I gave from Gilead even unto the river Arnon, the whole land within the river, even unto the river Jabbok, which is the boundary of the Ammonites; 17 The plain also, &c. And the coast thereof from Chinnereth, &c. So Geddes, Boothroyd. Bp. Horsley, Rosen.-And the border is from Chinnereth, &c. Arab., The being firm, and r., cu- |