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Ged., Booth.—Like vales planted [Sam., | whereof made Balaam desire to die the

, LXX, Vulg.] with groves.

Prof. Lee.-. Cogn. Arab.

death of the righteous. Others thus, God shall make his posterity numerous; for the . (a) procreation of children is oft signified by (b) A waters, fountains, cisterns, &c., as Psal.

A stream, whether river or brook. torrent, whose bed fills suddenly, and is lxviii. 26; Prov. v. 15, 18; ix. 17; Isa. xlviii. 1. But there is no necessity of flying to metaphors here, and therefore the other being the literal and proper sense, is by the laws of good interpretation to be preferred before it.

dry during part of the year. Thence, (c) A valley, through which streams run. (a) Gen. xxxii. 24; Lev. xxiii. 40; Deut. ii. 13, 24: iv. 48, &c. (b) 1 Kings xvii. 7; Job vi. 15; xxviii. 4. (c) Numb. xiii. 23, 21; xxxii. 9; Deut. i. 24, &c.

Rosen., Fluet aqua ex ejus Rosen.-6, Instar torrentium situla; erit fœcundus, multos procreabit exporrecta sunt, scil. tentoria longo ordine, liberos; sicut situla plena copiosam dat quæ late se diffundunt. Exporrigendi sese aquam, ita prosapia Israelitarum erit fœPropagatio liberorum sæpe per significatu Niphal verbi legitur et Zach. cunda.

i. 16. Ut xylaloe quas plantavit Jova, non aquas significatur, veluti Ps. lxiii. 27; Jes. hominum opera. esse xylaloem, satis xlvii. 1; Nah. ii. 9. Alii: fluet aqua ex ejus verisimile est. Hæc arbor, quæ et agallo- ramis, quam significationem femininum ♫ chum vocatur, perquam magna et umbrosa habet Jer. xi. 16; Ez. xvii. 6, 23, ut h. 1. est, ligna autem ejus perquam odorata. significetur arbor, quæ non modo aqua Nascitur Agallochum in India Orientali. fluviatili, sed etiam cœlesti rorum et pluUtraque hæc irrigatio In Arabia non provenit. Nihilominus hæc viarum irrigatur. arbor nota esse poterat Bileamo Euphratis etiam conjungitur Gen. xlix. 25. accolæ per mercatores. Ceterum pro prior interpretatio ob parall. membrorum extulerunt (sicuti tentoria quæ fixit præferenda videtur. Deus) LXX, Vulgatus, Syrus, Saadias, Samaritanus, amboque Chaldæi recentiores. Sed huic lectioni non favet parallelismus

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Attamen

And his seed shall be in many waters.
Ged. And his seed shall become a nu-

merous people.

Booth. And his seed shall become as many waters.

Bp. Patrick. In many waters.] Or, "by many waters;" i. e., be sown in a ground well watered [so Pool], and consequently bring forth a plentiful crop (Isa. xxxii. 20).

ἐξελεύσεται ἄνθρωπος ἐκ τοῦ σπέρματος. There are those who refer both these to their αὐτοῦ, καὶ κυριεύσει ἐθνῶν πολλῶν. ὑψωθήσεται ἡ Γὼν βασιλεία, καὶ αὐξηθήσεται βασιλεία αὐτοῦ.

Au. Ver.-7 He shall pour the water out of his buckets, and his seed shall be in many waters, and his king shall be higher than Agag, and his kingdom shall be exalted.

He shall pour the water out of his buckets. Ged., Booth.-Water shall flow from the urn of Jacob.

numerous posterity; procreation of children
being sometimes expressed in Scripture by
the metaphors of waters, and fountains, and
And both the
cisterns, as every one knows.
LXX and Onkelos interpret this of one
particular person that should arise of their
seed. For thus the former of them renders
this part of the verse; "There shall come
a Man out of his seed, who shall rule over
And the latter of them
many nations."

Pool. He, i. e., God, will abundantly paraphrases in this manner; "There shall water the ralleys, gardens, and trees, which be a great King, who shall be anointed of represent the Israelites, ver. 6, i. e., he will his children, and shall have dominion over wonderfully bless his people, not only with many people;" which the Jerusalem Targum outward blessings, of which a chief one in saith expressly is Christ: for thus this verse those parts was plenty of water, but also begins in that paraphrase: "A king shall with higher gifts and graces, with his word arise out of his sons, and their Redeemer and Spirit, which are often signified by from among them," and thus concludes; waters, John iii. 5; iv. 10; vii. 38, 39, and "and the kingdom of the king Messias at last with eternal life, the contemplation shall be magnificently exalted."

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θεὸς ὡδήγησεν αὐτὸν ἐξ Αἰγύπτου, ὡς δόξα μονοκέρωτος αὐτῷ. ἔδεται ἔθνη ἐχθρῶν αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὰ πάχη αὐτῶν ἐκμυελιεῖ, καὶ ταῖς βολίσιν αὐτοῦ κατατοξεύσει ἐχθρόν.

Au. Ver.-8 God brought him forth out of Egypt; he hath as it were the strength of an unicorn: he shall eat up the nations his enemies, and shall break their bones, and pierce them through with his arrows.

God brought him forth, Sc.- unicorn. See notes on xxiii. 22.

And shall break their bones.

Gesen.—, pr. resecuit, ut Syr.

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2, nihil reponunt in diem crastinum. Optime ita LXX, ойx vпеλíпOVTO. Vulg., non relinquebant ad mane. Cf., Gen. xxvii. 36, adde Cor. xi. 87.

جزم

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Pi. (denom. a 7) ossa derosit. Num. xxiv. 8: comedit gentes, hostes suos, prior , et ossa eorum derodit. Hine translate Ez. xxiii. 34: ebibes et exsuges illud (poculum), et testes eius rodes, i. e., lambes, ne guttam quidem vini in illo relictura.

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δεῦρο συμβουλεύσω σοι, τί ποιήσει ὁ λαὸς οὗτος τὸν λαόν σου ἐπ ̓ ἐσχάτου τῶν nμεpwv.

Au. Ter.-14 And now, behold, I go unto my people: come therefore, and I will advertise thee what this people shall do to thy people in the latter days.

Pool.-Advertise thee, or, inform thee [so Rosen.], to wit, concerning future things, as it here follows, for this word seems inseparably joined with the following. Others, give thee counsel, and tell thee what this people, &c. So it is a short and defective speech, such as we have Exod. iv. 5; xiii. 8. And by counsel they understand that which is related Numb. xxv. 1, 2; which was done by Balaam's counsel, Numb. xxxi, 16; Rev. ii. 11. But the former sense is more unProf. Lee.-Pih., Shall utterly cut forced and agreeable to the following words away, destroy, Numb. xxiv. 8, their bones, as they lie. In the latter days: not in thy i. e., strength; Ezek. xxiii. 34, 7, her time, therefore thou hast no reason to fear, vessels, i. e., of wine. How the "reposuit," but in succeeding ages, as 2 Sam. viii. 2, &c. "derodit," rodes, i. e., "lambes," of Gesenius, Bp. Patrick.I will advertise thee, &c.] in these several places, can either be derived But before I go, permit me to give thee or defended, I know not. some advice. So the Hebrew word jaatz constantly signifies, "to give counsel." And so the Vulgar here translates it; but took it for the wicked advice, which we read, in the next chapter, was executed after Balaam's

And pierce them through with his arrows. Bp. Patrick. Or, as some translate the Hebrew words, "break their arrows in pieces ;" i. e., quite disarm them.

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departure, and of which he was certainly
the author (ch. xxxi. 16), and therefore thus
translates the next words,
What thy peo-
ple shall do unto this people." But the
Hebrew text and the LXX are directly con-
trary unto this; being as we translate the
words, "What this people shall do to thy
people." Therefore Onkelos, to take in the
foregoing sense, without altering the latter
part of the verse, puts in one word, and
makes the whole run thus: "I will give
thee counsel what to do, and (will show
thee) what this people shall do to thy people
in the latter days." And the Jerusalem
Targum more largely and plainly, "I will
advise thee what thou shalt do to this peo-
ple; make them to sin: otherwise thou
shalt not have dominion over them; but this
people shall domineer over thy people in the
latter end of days."

whom he was going to speak, represented to him in a vision.

But not now.] He saw him not as in being, now at present, but to come in future times. Ged., Booth.

I see it, though it will not be now:

I behold it, though the event is not near: Rosen.-, Video illud sed non nunc, i. e., prævideo rem multa post secula futuram, non brevi; rem, quam, inter futuros eventus veluti remotam, intueor. Alii suffixum ad 28 vertunt eum, sc. regem, ex Israele proditurum, de quo statim.

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The corners, i. e., the borders. So Pool, Rosen.

Booth. The two corners.

has

Prof. Lee.-In Num. xxiv. 17, been taken by some to denote both sides, dual constr. i. e., every part; several of the versions translate it by chiefs, princes, as Probably, and

Rosen.-Prædicam tibi, quid hic populus being prominent persons. populo tuo post multas atates facturus sit. shall crush the companies of Moab. Arab. hic habet notionem prædicendi, quasi ទេ

"

monendi de rebus futuris, non vero consilium, agmen hominum.
dandi, uti non pauci interpp. voluerunt, qui
de consilio Bileami xxxi. 16 memorato
cogitarunt.

And destroy all the children of Sheth.

Ver. 15.

Au. Ver. And he took up his parable. See notes on xxiii. 7.

Ver. 16.

Au. Ver.-Falling into a trance, &c.

notes on verse 3.

Ver. 17.

Bp. Patrick.-Destroy all the children of Sheth.] They who interpret this of David, take Sheth to have been some great person in that country, or some place of great note, the inhabitants of which are here threatened to be destroyed. But these are mere conjectures, which have no foundation in hisSee tory; whereas, if we understand it of Christ, and translate the first word, not he shall destroy, but (as Castalio and others do) he shall rule over, the sense is very remarkable; it being a prophecy, that, in the times

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מלרע

such a distinction as God now made between

: Mwaba on the Israelites and other nations (by the pe

δείξω αὐτῷ, καὶ οὐχὶ νῦν. μακαρίζω, καὶ οὐκ ἐγγίζει. ἀνατελεῖ ἄστρον ἐξ Ιακώβ, αναστήσεται ἄνθρωπος ἐξ Ισραήλ. καὶ θραύσει τοὺς ἀρχηγοὺς Μωάβ, καὶ προνομεύσει πάντας υἱοὺς Σήθ.

now:

Au. Ver.-17 I shall see him, but not I shall behold him, but not nigh: there shall come a Star out of Jacob, and a Sceptre shall rise out of Israel, and shall smite the corners of Moab [or, smite through the princes of Moab], and destroy

all the children of Sheth.

Bp. Patrick. I shall see him.] Or, I do see him (for the future tense is often used for the present); that is, he saw the person of

culiar laws he gave them at their entrance into Canaan), but all mankind, who are equally descended from Seth, shall be united under his government. And thus not only Lyranus, and Abulensis, and others interpret it, but Onkelos also, whose words are, "He shall have dominion over all the sons of men:" for he thought it reasonable, by the children of Sheth, to understand all mankind who were propagated from him, who succeeded in the place of Abel that was killed; all the seed of Cain perishing in the flood.

Ged., Booth. And the crown [Sam. 777] of every son of sedition. Gesen.—And shall destroy all the children of pride.

Rosen.-In verborum ver- quillam habeant; quod de Moabitis dicitur sione magnopere dissentiunt interpretes. Et Jer. xlviii. 11. Alii interpretantur filios ante omnia notandum, codicem Sam. pro natis sive ani (quo significatur legitur

legere, vertex, quod referri de- 2 Sam. x. 4; Jes. xx. 4), qua appellatione beret ad y, ita ut sensus esset, contundet intelligi existimant vel populos incestuoso principes Moabi et verticem filiorum Seth. cultui Baal-Peoris deditos, quales erant Fortasse hunc locum ita legit olim Jeremias, Moabitæ. Alii aliter explicant. Ceteris qui huc manifeste adludit xlviii. 45, ubi verisimilior est eorum sententia, qui arbicalamitates Moabitarum describit: ignis exiit trantur, positum esse contracte pro Chesbone, et flamma e Sichone (cf. xxi. 28), sive na , quod dicitur de strepitu et et absumsit angulum Moabi, verticemque tumultu, v. c. undarum, et deinde de strepitu (P) filiorum sonitus (ji), i. e., tumultus, et tumultu militari Jes. xiii. 4; Jer. li. 55; belli, bellicosos. Vertex autem Moabitarum Am. ii. 1, quibus locis forma substantiva esset Rex ejus gentis. Sed potuit etiam is legitur. Extat vero cum & radifieri, ut Jeremias 272 data opera mutarit in cali Thren. iii. 47, ubi jungitur r quod

, sicuti pro posuit . Lectionem de eversione rerum et calamitate gravissima tamen Masorethicam referunt omnes interpp. dicitur. Quæ explicatio eo magis probatur, antiqui, quamquam in illius interpretatione quod qui h. 1. vocantur, iidem Jer. in diversas abeunt partes. LXX 2 vert. xlviii. 45 dicuntur jis, vocabulo prorsus пpovoμevσεi, quod Hesychio est, ápráce, synonymico. Qui hanc interpretationem adκατασύρει, αἰχμαλωτεύει, Suidæ ληίζει et sciscunt, per filios strepitus sive tumultus αἰχμαλοτίζει. Symmachus ἐρευνήσει, quo- bellicosi intelligendos putant populos Ismodo hoc verbum Hebr. etiam reddunt raelitis vicinos, Moabitas, Ammonitas, Syrus et Chaldæus Jes. xxii. 5. Onkelos et Edomitas, eis semper infestos, sive, ut verbis Arabs Erp. dominabitur. Vulgatus: vas- prophetæ utamur, belli strepitus excitantes. tabit. Syrus; et subjiciet, subjugabit. Saa

:

dias: et tremefaciet. E recentioribus Cas

Ver. 18.

וְהָיָה אֲדוֹם יְרֵשָׁה וְהָיָה יְרֵשָׁה שָׁעִיר notionem קַרְקַר tellus in Heptaglotto verbo

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καὶ ἔσται Εδὼμ κληρονομία, καὶ ἔσται κληρονομία Ἡσαῦ ὁ ἐχθρὸς αὐτοῦ. καὶ Ἰσραήλ éñoinσev év ìoxúï.

Booth.

8 And Esau shall be his possession;

dominandi tribuit, quam præter interpretes antiquos etiam confirmari dicit usu Arabum, quibus, regionem patentem significat, et hinc etiam Armenis Kiral, karuk, sit potens. Sane significatio dominandi huic loco bene conveniret, modo ea probari possit Au. Ver.-18 And Edom shall be a posargumentis solidioribus quam Castellus at- session, Seir also shall be a possession for tulit. Vix dubium est, esse verbum his enemies; and Israel shall do valiantly. Pool. His enemies, the Israelites. Do privativum a, murus derivatum, et significare diruere, destruere, quo significatu valiantly, or, gain power, or riches, or vic7 Talmudicis usurpatur, uti iisdem story, all which are comprehended in this est vastatio, destructio. Eodem destruendi | phrase. significatu particip. hujus verbi occurrit Jes. xxii. 5, ad quem loc. cf. not. De similis est interpp. dissensus. Plures filiis Sethi indicari putant omnes homines, quod nos omnes Sethi, filii Adami (Gen. iv. 25), posteri sumus. Ita Onkelos. Sed non est credibile, vatem hoc dicere voluisse, omnes populos ab Israelitis vastatum iri. Quodsi i. e., ♫ h. 1. nomen proprium sit, magis pro- esse nomen adjectivum formæ 77, Lev. babile fuerit, Sethitis indicari populum ali- xv. 33, et, Prov. xxvii. 7, hic vero pro quem Moabitis et Amalekitis vicinum, cujus substantivo usurpari. Seir fuit nomen notitia interiit. Qui pro nomine appel- montium Idumæorum, quos hujus terræ lativo habent, in diversas abeunt partes. aborigines habitaverant, qui nominantur Nonnulli, illud ad , ponere referentes, Gen. xxxvi. 20-30, et postea cum Esavi vertunt filiis fundamenti sive sedis, intelli- posteris in unam gentem coaluerunt. Hic guntque populos, qui sedem firmam et tran- autem Seir ex parallelismo membrorum

Also Seir, his enemy, shall be his pos

session :

For Israel shall do valiantly [so Ged.].
Rosen., Eritque Idumæa pos-
sessio, eritque Seir possessio hostium suorum,
Israelitarum.
Aben-Esra monet

positum est pro Idumæa. Verba against Israel; and in the latter days they plures vertunt: Israel opes s. divitias shall make war against them," &c. Rosen., Principium gentium. comparabit, quod nonnullis in locis hane significationem habet. Sed potius Ita vocantur Amalekitæ, quod hic populus significat agere strenue et feliciter, veluti illo tempore antiquissimus inter populos Nec 1 Sam. xiv. 48; Ps. lx. 14; cviii. 14; cxviii. Cananæos erat, coll. Genes. xiv. 7. minor Amalekitarum antiquitatis apud Ara15, 16. bes gloria, ut non Ismaelitæ solum, sed et Vid. ipsi Joctanitæ recentes illis videantur. Alterthumsk., Vol. iii., p. 90, 91. την 1η, Postrema ejus tempora ad perniciem, i.e., ipsi quoque tandem peribunt. Cod. Samar. pro 18 distinguit, ita et Syrus: et posteritas ejus peribit in æternum. Hanc lectionem præferendam quoque putat Michaëlis.

Ver. 19.

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καὶ ἐξεγερθήσεται ἐξ Ἰακώβ, καὶ ἀπολεῖ σωζόμενον ἐκ πόλεως.

Au. Ver.-19 Out of Jacob shall come he that shall have dominion, and shall destroy him that remaineth of the city. Booth.

19 One from Jacob shall have dominion, And shall destroy their remaining cities. Et dominabitur ei,

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Edomo, e Jacobo oriundus rex.

Ver. 21, 22.

וְאַחֲרִיתוֹ

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, Et perdet residuos ex quaque urbe. 12 ? TEN 22 collective denotat reliquas Edomitarum urbes.

Ver. 20.

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ΣΤΟ ΕΠΙΠΕΙ ΤΕΣ Εν

πάση : τα καὶ ἰδὼν τὸν ̓Αμαλήκ, καὶ ἀναλαβὼν τὴν παραβολὴν αὐτοῦ εἶπεν. ἀρχὴ ἐθνῶν ̓Αμαλὴκ, καὶ τὸ σπέρμα αὐτῶν ἀπολεῖται.

Au. Ver.—20 And when he looked on Amalek, he took up his parable, and said, Amalek was the first of the nations [or, the first of the nations that warred against Israel, Exod. xvii.]; but his latter end shall be that he perish for ever [or, shall be even to destruction].

Bp. Patrick. He took up his parable.]

See ver. 3.

Amalek was the first of the nations.] The most eminent among the neighbouring nations, or one of the most noble, as Bochart renders it, gens una è nobilissimis.

מלעיל

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21 καὶ ἰδὼν τὸν Κεναῖον, καὶ ἀναλαβὼν τὴν

σου.

παραβολὴν αὐτοῦ εἶπεν, ἰσχυρὰ ἡ κατοικία καὶ ἐὰν θῇς ἐν πέτρᾳ τὴν νοσσιάν σου, 22 καὶ ἐὰν γένηται τῷ Βεὼρ νοσσιὰ πανουρ γίας, ̓Ασσύριοι αἰχμαλωτεύσουσί σε.

Au. Ver. 21 And he looked on the Kenites, and took up his parable, and said, Strong is thy dwellingplace, and thou puttest thy nest in a rock.

22 Nevertheless the Kenite [Heb., Kain] shall be wasted, until Asshur shall carry thee away captive [or, How long shall it be ere Asshur carry thee away captive?].

22 Nevertheless the Kenite shall be wasted. Pool. The words may be rendered thus, shall be wasted. How long? to wit, shall they be thus wasted? (these particles being oft used abruptly and pathetically in the same manner, Ps. vi. 3; xc. 13; Isa. vi. 11;) till Asshur comes, Asshur shall carry thee away captire.

Ged. Yet thy nest shall be demolished; and the cunning [for Ged. reads ] of Asshur will captive thee.

Booth.

22 Yet shall the nest be destroyed:

But his latter end shall be that he perish for ever.] This God commanded Saul to execute (1 Sam. xv. 3), according to the doom passed upon them, after their fight with Israel (Exod. xvii. 14, 16), and he lost his kingdom for doing his work imperfectly. Onkelos paraphrases the whole verse in this manner: "Amalek was the beginning of the wars with Israel, therefore his end shall be to perish for ever." The Quousque? Assur te captivum abducet. Jerusalem Targum more plainly, "The Ama-, Erit ad abolendum s. lekites were the first people that made war vendum, i, c., summovebitur.

And at length Asshur shall take thee captive.

Rosen.-22 Tamen submovebitur Kain.

summo

Ita infinitivus

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