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ἄνδρες. ἀνὴρ εἷς κατὰ φυλὴν μίαν, κατὰ φυλὴν οἴκων πατριᾶς ἦσαν.

Ged. Such was the muster made by Moses and Aaron, and the twelve patriarchal chiefs of Israel; one for every tribe [Sam., LXX].

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que ad vexillum suum juxta signa domus Au. Ver.-44 These are those that were patrum suorum. LXX vertunt ráyμa, numbered, which Moses and Aaron num- agmen, ordinem, cohortem; Vulgatus, turbered, and the princes of Israel, being twelve mas; Onkelos: ordo; Syrus, agmen, turma; men: each one was for the house of his Saadias, tribus. De origine vocis Hebr. fathers. non consentiunt Interpp. Alii eam derivant ab Arab. 7, splendere, micare, ita ut proprie sit signum splendens, micans. Alii per commutationem litterarum illam positam putant pro, magnum, sc. signum. Alii existimant, proprie esse tegumentum, velum (notio enim tegendi radicis Chaldæis et Syris usitata est), deinde aulæum, hinc aulæum pannus vexilli (das Fahnentuch), et vexillum ipsum. Plane ut apud Romanos vexillum nomen habebat a veli diminutione quasi velillum. Nobis sufficiat hic observasse, fuisse signa militaria majora,

Booth. This is the account of those numbered, whom Moses and Aaron numbered with the twelve princes of Israel; for each tribe [Sam., LXX] one, according to the house of their fathers.

Ver. 45.

Au. Ver.-45 So were all those that were numbered of the children of Israel, by the house of their fathers, from twenty years old and upward, all that were able to go forth to war in Israel.

So were all those, &c.

Ged., Booth.-Now all those, &c.
Au. Ver. By the house of their fathers.

So the Heb.

Ged.-According to their hosts [Sam.,

LXX].

Ver. 50, 53.

Au. Ver.-Tabernacle of testimony. notes on Exod. xvi. 31.

Au. Ver.-Unto it.

Ged., Booth.-At it.

CHAP. II. 1.

Au. Ver.-And.

Ged., Booth. Again.

Ver. 2.

vexilla. Totus Israelitarum exercitus in quatuor agmina erat divisus (vid. vss. 3, 10, 18, 25), quorum quodque signo habuit. Singularum tribuum et familiarum signa vocantur . Hæc igitur erant signa minora, ut in exercitibus Rom. signa singularum cohortum.

Far off, &c. So Pool, Patrick. Far off about the tabernacle.] At such a distance as might show their reverence to the tabernacle; and that there might be another camp of the See Levites within them, who made a nearer inclosure about it, in the same form with the camp of Israel, which was quadrangular. This distance of the camp of Israel from the tabernacle, is reasonably judged (by Josh. i. 4) to have been two thousand cubits; that is, a mile.-Bp. Patrick.

Bp. Horsley.-"far off about." Rather, facing on every side," i. c., they were to pitch all round the tabernacle, and each

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ἄνθρωπος ἐχόμενος αὐτοῦ κατὰ τάγμα, κατά σημαίας, κατ' οἴκους πατριῶν αὐτῶν, παρεμβαλλέτωσαν οἱ υἱοὶ Ἰσραὴλ ἐναντίοι, κύκλῳ τῆς σκηνῆς τοῦ μαρτυρίου παρεμβαλοῦσιν οἱ υἱοὶ Ἰσραήλ.

Ged., Booth.-Over against and round the congregation-tabernacle [Ged., convention-tent; see notes on Exod. xxvii. 21] shall they encamp.

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Au. Ver.-2 Every man of the children of Israel shall pitch by his own standard, καὶ οἱ παρεμβάλλοντες πρώτοι κατὰ ἀναwith the ensign of their father's house : far τολὰς, τάγμα παρεμβολῆς Ἰούδα σὺν δυνάμει off [Heb., over against] about the taber- aiTwv, K.T.λ. nacle of the congregation shall they pitch. By his own standard, with the ensign. Bp. Horsley. Rather, "by his own ensign, under the standard."

Au. Ver.-3 And on the east side toward the rising of the sun shall they of the standard of the camp of Judah pitch throughout their armies, &c.

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Rosen., Ad partem anteriorem, sc. tabernaculi.

Bp. Patrick.-Shall they of the standard of the camp of Judah pitch.] These had the most honourable post (as we now speak) of all others; pitching before the most holy place, where Moses and Aaron had their station in the camp of the Levites (chap. iii. 38). And therefore the LXX translate the first words of this verse thus, oi Tapεμβάλλοντες πρώτοι, &c., “ they that encamp first towards the east shall be," &c. Throughout their armies.

Bp. Horsley.-Rather, "with their entire hosts." 66 Nimirum mulieres, pueri, et puellæ, in suâ tribu cum maritis suis et parentibus erunt in eâdem statione castrorum." (Houbigant, ad v. 4.) The translation requires the same correction, ver. 10, 18, 25.

Ver. 4, 6, 8, 11, 13, 15, 19, 21, 23, 26, 28, 30.

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Au. Ver.-9 All that were numbered in

the camp of Judah were an hundred thousand and fourscore thousand and six thousand and four hundred, throughout their armies. These shall first set forth.

Bp. Horsley.-"These shall first set

, לראשונה I would read ראשנה forth. For

"these shall set forth in the front." (See v. 31.)

Ver. 10.

See notes on verse 3.

Ver. 14.

Au. Ver.-14 Then the tribe of Gad: and the captain of the sons of Gad shall be Eliasaph the son of Reuel [Deuel].

Then the, &c.

Ged., Booth.-Then, on the other side, the, &c.

Reuel.

Bp. Horsley." And his host, and those that were numbered of them." Rather, "And his host, that is to say, those of them that were numbered; "that is to say,' this is the force of the copula in this place, Ken., Rosen., Ged., &c.-Deuel. "Tis restraining the sense of host to the military strange that the Jewish rabbies could permit host, or signifying that the sacred writer so many of their antient copies to continue would be understood to speak only of that corrupted by so gross a blunder as Reuel for part in stating the numbers. "Aliud signi- Deuel; and it would be still more strange, Nam 2 if Christians did not all agree in correcting multitudinem omnem notat mulierum, puer-it. In i. 14, it is Eliasaph the son of Deuel. orum, et virorum quibus tribus Juda con- In vii. 42, and x. 20, it is also Eliasaph the stabat, eos qui in censu numerati son of Deuel. It is likewise Deuel here sunt." (Houbigant ad locum.) The same remark and emendation of the translation is to be applied, ver. 6, 8, 11, 13, 15, 19, 21, 23, 26, 28, 30.

. פקדיהם aliud in צבא ficatur in

(ii. 14) in the Sam. text, with the Ar. and Vulg. versions; to which is to be added the authority of eighty Heb. MSS.; and in about fifty of these MSS. the D seems Booth. And his host, those that were altered to R, in conformity to the corrupted numbered, were, &c. reading of the Masorets. If, then, no man

of sense could bear to read Remosthenes for | detur. Tum hic esset tentoria figere, Demosthenes, or Cicedo for Cicero, let Reuel, ea revellere, amovere. i, Quisbe here corrected to Deuel.-Kennicott. que loco suo. Syrus: cum turma sua.

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Eivậ.

Ver. 31.

With their standards.

According to their standards.

CHAP. III. 1.

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Au. Ver.-17 Then the tabernacle of the congregation shall set forward with the camp καὶ αὗται αἱ γενέσεις ̓Ααρὼν καὶ Μωυσῆ, ἐν of the Levites in the midst of the camp: as ᾗ ἡμέρᾳ ἐλάλησε κύριος τῷ Μωυσῇ ἐν ὄρει they encamp, so shall they set forward, every man in his place by their standards. Pool.-In the midst of the camp, which is not to be understood strictly or exactly, but largely; for in their march they were divided, and part of that tribe marched next after Judah, Numb. x. 17, and the other part exactly in the midst of the camp.

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Bp. Patrick. As they encamp, so shall they set forward.] This may refer either to the Levites, the sons of Kohath; that, as they lay encamped on the same side of the tabernacle that the standard of Reuben did, so they should immediately march after them. Compare verse 10, of this chapter, with ch. iii. 29. Or to the two camps forenamed; that they should march in the same order wherein they lay encamped: Judah, for instance, in the midst of Issachar and Zebulun, before and behind him, or on each side of him.

Au. Ver. 1 These also are the generations of Aaron and Moses in the day that the LORD spake with Moses in mount Sinai. Generations.

Others. History.

Ged., Booth.-Progeny.

Pool. These which follow in this chapter are the generations, i.e., either, 1. The things done by them; as the word generation is sometimes used, as Gen. vi. 9; xxv. 19; xxxvii. 2. Or rather, 2. The kindred or family, for that is the subject of this chapter, and not their events or actions. Object. Aaron's family indeed is here mentioned, but not Moses's family. Answ. Moses's family and children are here included under the general name of the Amramite, ver. 27, which includes all the children and grandchildren of Amram, the persons only of Aaron and Moses being excepted. And the generations of Moses are thus obscurely

Ged., Booth.-17 Then in the midst of the other camps, shall march the camp of mentioned, because they were but common the Levites with the congregation-tabernacle [Ged., convention -tent; see notes on Exod. xxvii. 21]; as they encamp, so shall they march, every man in his place

under his own standard.

Levites, the priesthood being given solely to Aaron's posterity, whence Aaron is here put before Moses, who elsewhere is commonly named after him. In the day that the Lord spake with Moses in Mount Sinai: this Rosen. — qe mindink reg, Deinde seems to be added, because Nadab and proficiscatur tabernaculum conventus et Levi- Abihu, mentioned ver. 2, were then alive, tarum castra. ante hic omissum est, though dead at the time of taking this ut sæpe alias. DE 1100 E, Quemad-account.

The progeny.

modum castra metantur, ita proficiscentur ; Ged., Booth. Now, at the time Jehovah quem locum et situm tabernaculum con- spoke to Moses, at Mount Sinai, these were ventus in castrorum statione habet, eundem the progeny of Aaron. habeat proficiscendo. Vulgatus autem : It is well known that quomodo crigetur, ita et deponetur, h. e., the meaning of the word is not qui officium erigendi habent, iidem habeant limited to actual generation; it sometimes et deponendi. Qui sensus ob ea, quæ se-signifies progeny, by adoption, as the verb quuntur, ie, non ineptus vi- from which it is derived signifies to adopt.

See Deut. xxxii. 18; Ps. ii. 7; and Jer. | Ged. Under the direction of, &c. ii. 27. It also signifies the events that Rosen.-Ante facies Aaronis patris eorum, happen in a family, as in Gen. xxxviii. 2; i. e., coram eo, una cum eo.

so here it may signify the occurrences that happened in the family of Moses and Aaron.

Ver. 9.

נְתוּנָם נְתוּנָם הֵמָּה לוֹ מֵאֵת Still, however, I am apt to think that the

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word is here to be taken in its first or secondary meaning; and that the progeny of Aaron is considered as the progeny of Moses also; his own sons being born of a stranger. Dathe: Hæc fuit progenies Mosis et Aaronis.-Ged.

δεδομένοι δόμα οὗτοί μοι εἰσὶν ἀπὸ τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραήλ.

Au. Ver.-9 And thou shalt give the Levites unto Aaron and to his sons: they are wholly given unto him out of the children

of Israel.

Unto him.

Rosen. Hæ erant generationes Aaronis et Mosis. Sed hic commode verti potest, que in familia Aaronis et Mosis contigerunt; de iis enim agit totum hoc Caput. Vocem Hebr. non solum generationes significare, twelve Heb. and three Chald, MSS., and sed etiam ea, quæ in familia aut cognatione parallel passage viii. 16].

aliqua contigerunt, apparet ex Gen. xxv. 19; xxxvii. 2. Quamquam hic etiam familia

Ged., Booth-Unto me [Sam., LXX,

Ver. 12.

Mosis nominatur, tamen in Capite ipso tine sabong anh nan és

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Cognatio igitur Mosis et Aaronis tanquam una consideratur; et quidquid de Aarone scribitur, de Mose etiam narratur. "Vide- καὶ ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ εἴληφα τοὺς Λευίτας ἐκ μέσου tur autem præponi Aaron Mosi, ejusque τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ ἀντὶ παντὸς πρωτοτόκου διαposteri nominibus appellari, quum poster- νοίγοντος μήτραν παρὰ τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραήλ. λύorum Mosis hic sileantur nomina; quod τρα αὐτῶν ἔσονται, καὶ ἔσονται ἐμοὶ οἱ Λευῖται. Aaronis soboles sacerdotio sit ornata, quum Mosis proles inter ceteros Levitas, sine dignitate peculiari, fuerit, ut liquet ex 1 Chr. xxiii. 14, sqq. Si ratio ejus rei quæratur, nihil certi responderi potest, sed amplissima conjecturis patet area. Forsan sacerdotium filiis Mosis negatum est, quod essent ex peregrina muliere suscepti, nimirum, Madianitide, Ex. ii. 21."

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μετὰ 'Ααρὼν τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτῶν. Au. Ver.4 And Nadab and Abihu died before the LORD, when they offered strange fire before the LORD, in the wilderness of Sinai, and they had no children: and Eleazar and Ithamar ministered in the priest's office in the sight of Aaron their father. Died before the Lord.

Au. Ver.-12 And I, behold, I have taken the Levites from among the children of Israel instead of all the firstborn that openeth the matrix among the children of Israel: therefore the Levites shall be mine, And I, behold, I.

Ged.-Lo! now, I myself.

Instead of all the firstborn that openeth the matrix among, &c.

Ged., Booth. Instead of all the firstborn males who are to be redeemed [Sam., LXX] among, &c.

That openeth the matrix. See notes on Exod. xiii. 2.

Ver. 13.

Au. Ver. I am the LORD.
Ged. I the LORD so will it.

Ver. 22.

Monnus, Ged., and Booth., suppose the nan orbe pa borone words "before the Lord" to be an interpola-em ceba new co'mze nbyel

tion.

In the sight of Aaron their father.

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מֵאוֹת :

Bp. Patrick. The LXX rightly translate ἡ ἐπίσκεψις αὐτῶν κατα ἀριθμὸν παντὸς it, together with their father, who was the αρσενικοῦ ἀπὸ μηνιαίου καὶ ἐπάνω ἡ ἐπίσκεψις high-priest, and they lower priests under, αὐτῶν, ἑπτακισχίλιοι καὶ πεντακόσιοι. him and so were all their sons.

:

Au. Ter.-22 Those that were numbered

of them, according to the number of all the exactly to what it is said to be in the text, males, from a month old and upward, even 22,000.-Ken. those that were numbered of them were seven thousand and five hundred.

Houbigant, Horsley, Geddes, and others, suppose that the error is in verse 28, and read there we instead of wv eight thousand three hundred, instead of eight thousand six hundred. See notes on verse 28 and 39. Ver. 24.

Seven thousand and five hundred. Ken.-Seven thousand and two hundred. We read in ver. 11, And these were the sons of Levi; Gershon, Kohath, and Merari; 22, The Gershonites were 7,500; 28, The Kohathites, 8,600; 31, The Merarites, 7 6,200; 39, All the Levites were 22,000. But the sum total of the preceding numbers, instead of being really 22,000, will be found to be 22,300.

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καὶ ὁ ἄρχων οἴκου πατριᾶς τοῦ δήμου τοῦ Γεδσών, Ελισάφ υἱὸς Δαὴλ.

Au. Ver.-24 And the chief of the house of the father of the Gershonites shall be Eliasaph the son of Lael.

families of the Gershonites, &c.
Booth. And the paternal chief of the

Ver. 25.

The difference of the sum total in the text from the real sum might be thought to arise from expressing the former by a round number, if there were not sufficient reason to infer the contrary from what follows. In verse 43, all the firstborn males of the Rosen., Domus patris, quum antea Israelites are reckoned 22,273, which in semper habeatur rig, domus patrum suorum, verse 46 are expressly said to be 273 more qua phrasi integra tribus, hic vero familia than the Levites (and there was great reason significatur. Cf. ad i. 2. for being exact in the calculation); and consequently the true number of the Levites must have been 22,000, as expressed in the sum total of the text. For if they had been 22,300, instead of the Israelites exceeding the Levites by 273, the Levites would have exceeded the Israelites by 27. The Levites then being, in the whole, exactly 22,000, there must have been a mistake of 300 too much in one of the three particular numbers that constitute the sum total of 22,300; and now let us see, whether this mistake may not be owing to the change of some similar

numeral letter.

Au. V'er.-25 And the charge of the sons of Gershon in the tabernacle of the content, the covering thereof, and the hanging gregation shall be the tabernacle, and the for the door of the tabernacle of the congregation.

Pool. The tabernacle; not the boards, which belonged to Merari, ver. 36, but the ten curtains mentioned Exod. xxvi. 1. The tent, to wit, the curtains of goats' hair. The covering thereof, i. e., the coverings of rams' skins and badgers' skins. See Numb.

iv. 25.

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Ver. 26.

"and

This addition of the 300 cannot be in the Bp. Horsley." The covering thereof." Merarites, because the hundreds there are The Samaritan reads ", “and the coveronly two; and the Vau with a stroke over iting thereof." I should prefer "", signifying 6,000, and the Resh 200, the the coverings thereof;" "the tabernacle;" number will be W, 6,200. Neither can we "the linen awning;" "the tent;" "the awnsuppose it to be in the Kohathites, because ing of goats' hair;" "the coverings thereof;" the numeral for 600, and 300, could the coverings of rams' skins and badgers' not easily be mistaken. The error therefore skins." (See Exodus chap. xxvi.) must be in the sum of the Gershonites, where the 200 might very easily be mistaken for 7500, and the formerly was scarce dif- Au. Ver.-26 And the hangings of the ferent from a 7, by having the perpendicular court, and the curtain for the door of the stroke much shorter than at present. There court, which is by the tabernacle, and by is then scarce a possibility of doubting the altar round about, and the cords of it whether these two letters have been so for all the service thereof. mistaken, as the supposition is so well authorized, and solves the whole difficulty, or rather reconciles the contradiction, by bringing the sum total of the three numbers tabernacle and the altar, &c.

Au. Ver.-Which is by the tabernacle and the altar round about, &c.

Ged., Booth.-Which surroundeth the

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