"another?" Thefe blafphemous words ftruck us, fays Philo, with horror, and chilled the very blood in our veins. In the mean time, Caius hurried from one apartment to another, taking a view of all the rooms and offices, finding fault where any thing was amifs, and directing how it should be mended.

:

he visited every corner of both houfes; the Jews being obliged all along to attend him, though joftled and derided by the whole company, especially by their adverfaries, who were the whole time mimicking them, like buffoons on the ftage and truly the whole, fays Philo, looked rather like a comedy, than a ferious negotiation; but, as they were now at the mercy of the tyrant, who was both their judge and their enemy, they had no defence, left them but filence and patience. After Caius had given fome, neceffary orders about his buildings, he turned to the Jews, and gravely asked them, "Why they fo much fcrupled eating hogs"fleth?" Hereupon the whole company, fome out of flattery, others because they were diverted with the queftion and mockery, burft into fo loud a laughter, that fome of Caius's officers were highly offended at the liberty they took, thinking it inconfiftent with the refpect due to the majesty of the Prince. To the Emperor's queftion, the Jews anfwered with great refpect," That feveral people and places had their feveral fashions and customs; and that their adverfaries were prohibited "fome things, as well as they fome people, "for instance, faid one of them, abstain from "lamb." "Very well, replied Caius merrily; "I cannot blame them; for lambs-flesh is not 66 very

"very favoury." After the Emperor had thus rallied and ridiculed them for some time, in the end he asked them, all on a fudden, in a paffion, "What title they had to the privileges of A"lexandrian citizens, and to the freedom of "that city?" Hereupon they began to lay before him their reafons; but he, finding they were of great ffrength, and not knowing how those which they had already alledged could be well confuted, ftarted up, in the midst of their discourse, and ran into a great hall; where, after he had walked a while, he caufed the windows to be fhut; and then returning to the Jewish ambaffadors, he asked them, with an air more compofed, "What they "had to fay?" But they had fcarce begun. to fpeak, when Caius, instead of hearkening to them, left them again, and ran, in great. hafte, into another room, to fee feveral originals done by the most famous painters of antiquity. The Jews, finding themfelves fo often interrupted, and expecting nothing from fo merciless a tyrant, but immediate death, had recourfe to the true, for protection against the pretended god. Their prayers were heard; and Caius, without further outrages,. difmiffed them, faying, "Thefe men are not "fo wicked, as ignorant and unhappy, in not "believing me to be a god." The Jewish de-puties departed, reckoning themfelves fortunate in having thus efcaped with their lives fafe; not that they dreaded any kind of death, fays Philo, which, had it been any way conducive to the prefervation of their law, they would, with great pleafure, have embraced; but be-caufe their deftruction would have been inevi

tably attended with the utter ruin of thofe who had fent them. As for the subject of their embaffy, they could not promife themfelves a favourable fentence from a judge, who would not fo much as hear them, being highly incenfed against their whole nation, as the only people fubject to Rome who refufed to acknowledge his divinity. They continued in the city, waiting with the greateft, anxiety imaginable for the decifion of their caufe; for, upon the fentence which the Emperor might think fit to pronounce, depended the fate of the whole Jewish nation; who would be every where perfecuted, and ftripped of their effects, privileges, oratories, &c. if the Emperor fhould countenance the Alexandrians in their cruel and unwarrantable proceedings against them. Jofephus feems to fpeak of another audience granted by Caius to the Jewish and Alexandrian ambaffadors; wherein Apion inveighed with great bitterness against the Jews, alledging many things against them: but his main charge was, That whereas temples and altars were erected to Caius by all other nations, and the fame adoration paid to him, as to the reft of the gods, the Jews alone obftinately refufed either to confecrate images to him, or to fwear by his name. When Philo was about to reply in behalf of the Jews, Caius, in a great rage, commanded him to be filent, and with dreadful menaces bid him be gone. Hereupon Philo, turning to his colleagues, "Let us take courage, faid he; now Caius is

against us, God will be for us." What fentence Caius pronounced in the end, we find nowhere recorded: all we know is, that,

during his whole reign, the Jews were grievously perfecuted and oppreffed by the Alexandrians; and that Alexander Lyfimachus, brother to Philo, and alabarch of the Alexandrian Jews, was, by Caius's order, committed to prifon, and there detained, till he was difcharged by Claudius; upon whofe acceffion to the empire, the Jews, notwithstanding their boafted patience, betook themselves to arms; which occafioned a great tumult at Alexandria. Claudius, upon the first tidings of the commotion, wrote to the governor of Egypt, injoining him to appease it; and, at the re queft of the two kings, Agrippa and Herod, enacted an edict, which he sent to Alexandria, confirming to the Jews all the privileges they had ever enjoyed in that city, and declaring all the proceedings of Caius against them null and void.

A fuccinct Hiftory of James I. King of Scotland.

R

[Taken from the Scottish History.]

OBERT III. King of Scotland, had, by his Queen Annabella Drummond, of the family of Stobhall, two fons and one daughter. The daughter was first married to James Kennedy of Drummuir, afterwards to George Douglas, the firft Earl of Angus of that firname; and, thirdly, fhe was married to the Lord Graham. The Earl of Caffilis is the off fpring of her first marriage, the Duke of Dou glas of the fecond, the Laird of Fintray of the third. His two fons were David, and James,

who

who afterwards reigned. The eldest fon Da vid was a youth of no mean accomplishments, but extremely addicted to vice and debauchery; which gave great uneafiness to his father. When David was eighteen years of age, his father, in an affembly of the ftates at Perth, created him Duke of Rothfay; and he created his own brother Robert, then Earl of Monteith and Fife, Duke of Albany. These were the first Dukes that were created in Scotland.

Shortly after the death of Archibald Douglas the year before, there immediately followed the decease of the Queen Annabella, and. of Walter Trayle Archbishop of St. Andrews; infomuch that all mens minds did prefage a great change of affairs. For the fplendor of military matters was upheld by Douglas; the ecclefiaftical authority and resemblance (in fome fort) of ancient difcipline, by Trayle; and the dignity of the court, by the Queen, as did foon appear by what happened after her death.. For David, the King's fon, was a young man of a fierce difpofition, and inclined to wantonnefs and luft. The indulgence of his father increafed thofe vices; for though he had not authority enough to maintain the reverence due to him, yet, by the diligent admonition of thofe who were appointed to be David's tutors in his youth, but much more by the counsel and advice of his mother, his youthful heats of temper were fomewhat reftrained: but when he was dead, he, as now freed from this curb, returned to his own manners and luftful courfes; for, laying afide all fhame and fear, he took away other mens wives by force, nay, and virgins too, though

well