supporters of the monarchy. But the triumph of the insurgents was hastened, and all moderation banished from their counsels by an act of imbecility on the part of the National Guard. No sooner had Guizot's resignation been announced than they declared their mission at an end. They had attained their wishes, and the protectors of order now retired to their homes. Paris remained in the hands of the insurrection. The leaders now proceeded to vigorous action. In the first Revolution, when Lafayette fired on the mob, their leaders collected the dead, placed them in a cart, and proceeded to the Palais Royal, crying "Vengeance! on assassine le peuple!" The precedent was a good one to follow. About ten in the evening, a band of nearly three hundred persons, marching twenty or thirty in front, descended the Boulevards by way of the Quartiers St. Denis and St. Martin. It was preceded by about twenty children carrying lighted torches. This band, with hoarse shouts, proceeded towards the Madeleine. On their way, they turned up the Rue Lepelletier, and grouped themselves before a house which served as the bureaux of the National. There they were addressed by M. Marrast, in one of those speeches which, recommending moderation, have an opposite tendency. After being thus instructed, they proceeded to the public offices. "The leader brought to the butchery the troop of unfortunates and imbeciles, and the cart which followed was destined to carry their bodies." The office of the minister of foreign affairs was defended by a few troops of the line, who refused to allow the mob to pass. The chief of the rioters fired his pistol, and the guard fired in return, covering the street with dead and wounded. It was evidently for this bloody result that they had attacked the Foreign Office. The miserable victims of this horrid machination had hardly fallen than their dead bodies were heaped on the cart. They placed them in a dramatic manner, the bleeding wounds carefully displayed, and the mass surmounted by the dead body of a woman, half naked. When this hideous heap was artistically disposed, they placed torches before the cart, and exclaimed, "Au National!" From the office of the National the cart traversed the Quartier Montmartre, towards the office of the Réforme, where they arrived towards midnight, having scattered horror and terror on their journey. All night the cart continued its rounds, paralysing with fear those whom it did not exasperate. An immense crowd collected in the morning, but the question of policy had disappeared, and the revolution itself was face to face with the cause of order and the monarchy. Now at last there ought to have been no hesitation; the military were firm, and Bugeaud, if allowed to act, answered for the suppression of the rebellion. The king also was prepared, and the new ministry was willing to sanction the intervention of the army, but the cowardice of the royal family again interposed, and a new ministerial combination was tried. It was thought to appease the bandits and robbers, who now constituted the army of the Republicans, by nominating Thiers and Odilon Barrot as ministers. They were accordingly inaugurated into office, and the first step they took to withdraw the army was not dictated by treachery, but was the offspring of ludicrous self-conceit. Instead of fighting, M. Barrot, accompanied by some friends, went through the principal streets of Paris, stopping now and then to make a speech to the rioters. Pity it was that some of them had not stopped the babbler-the true betrayer of the monarchy-by a bullet in his teeth, but the mob inflicted even a severer punishment on one who held himself in such estimation-they paid no attention to his harangues. Their cold reception did not, however, undeceive him. Almost at the very hour that Louis Philippe signed his abdication, M. Barrot announced by telegraph to the departments that the troubles were finished and that he presided in the cabinet. It was mid-day when the agony of the monarchy of July commenced. The king was in his cabinet, the queen, the Duchesses of Orleans and Montpensier, the Duke of Montpensier, Marshals Soult and Gérard, and most of the ministers, were there, besides several aides-de-camp. They were all under a delusion. They mistook bandits for politicians, they elevated robbers to the dignity of factious." 66 To this cabinet of illusions enters one of the stormy petrels of France, Emile de Girardin. With esprit always prompt and just, he had conceived and formulated in that concise style which is proper to him the solution of the formidable problem. He now laid it before the king: "Abdication of the king. "Regency of the Duchess of Orleans. "Dissolution of the Chambers. "General amnesty." This was not treason, for a part of the royal family supported M. de Girardin, but it was clearly a folly. The king abdicated, and shortly afterwards left the Tuileries. The Duchess of Orleans remained, but she had not participated in the illusions of the rest; and without hope, but full of devotion to the cause of her son, and concentrating in herself the courage of the royal family, she proceeded to the Chamber of Deputies. The condition in which she arrived there is thus described: Voilà tout ce qui reste d'une monarchie si forte il y a trois jours: une femme à pied dans la boue, menant deux enfants par la main, se réfugiant dans une enceinte ouverte à la multitude et dans laquelle l'ambition et la peur feront taire le devoir et glaceront le dévouement. M. Thiers, prime minister, did not appear. M. Barrot made a nerveless speech. Ledru-Rollin spoke against time, and demanded a provisional government. The tumult, however, was too great, and he was obliged to give way to M. Dupont (de l'Eure). It was the third attempt which succeeded. M. Dupont, tenant un papier, lit une troisième combinaison. "Lamartine." 66 "Ledru-Rollin."- Oui, oui !" "Arago.”—“Oui, oui!” Dupont (de l'Eure)."-"Oui, oui !" "Marie." "Oui, oui, oui !" Thus, in the midst of an indescribable tumult, was the nomination of the provisional government accomplished. The comédie, however, had yet two other acts. Dupin and Lamartine, and some of the other self-constituted sovereigns, had gone to the Hôtel de Ville. Ledru-Rollin remained, and the following is the procès-verbal of what took place: 'Citoyens," said M. Ledru-Rollin, " vous comprenez que vous faites ici un acte grave en nommant un gouvernement provisoire. Ce que tous les citoyens doivent faire, c'est d'accorder silence et de prêter attention aux hommes qui veulent se constituer leurs représentans; en conséquence, écoutez-moi. Nous allons faire quelque chose de grave. Il y a eu des réclamations tout-à-l'heure. Un gouvernement ne peut pas se nommer d'une façon légère. Permettez-moi de vous dire les noms qui semblent proclamés par la majorité. A mesure que je les lirai, suivant qu'ils vous conviendront ou qu'ils ne vous conviendront pas, vous crierez Oui ou Non."-"Très bien !"-" Ecoutez! Et pour faire quelque chose d'officiel, je prie MM les sténographes du Moniteur de prendre note des noms à mesure que je les prononcerai, parce que nous ne pouvons pas présenter à la France des noms qui n'auraient pas été approuvés par vous: "Dupont (de l'Eure)."—"Oui, oui!” Arago."-"Oui, oui!" "Lamartine.". -"Oui, oui !" "Messieurs," continued M. Ledru-Rollin, "le gouvernement provisoire qui vient d'être nommé a de grands, d'immenses devoirs à remplir. On va être obligé de lever la séance pour se rendre au siége du gouvernement et prendre toutes les mesures pour que les droits du peuple soient consacrés." There was not much difference between the lists, but the two newspapers must also make their government. A meeting took place at the office of the Reforme, where the list prepared by the National was adopted, with the exception that Odilon Barrot was excluded, and Louis Blanc and M. Albert added at the instance of the Réforme. Albert was an ouvrier," and nominated specially to represent the working classes. He turned out one of the most sensible among them. 66 All the nominees marched to the Hôtel de Ville. M. Crémieux thus narrates the meeting: "When we went to the Hôtel de Ville for our installation, we found Messieurs Marrast, Flocon, Louis Blanc, and Albert. We asked, 'Who are you?" They replied, 'We have been named members of the Provisional Government.'By whom ? I believe they answered, By the Social Democracy. If they had asked us by whom we were named we might have said, 'At the Chamber,' but not by the Chamber." 6 In these circumstances, all the kings having an equally good title, it showed great patriotism to coalesce. "Thus," says Granier de Cassagnac, "everything is consummated; the king has set out for exile, the dictators go the Hôtel de Ville, the bourgeoisie of Paris escalading the barricades, return to their hearths. However different their destinies, every honourable and lofty mind would prefer that of the king. He departed, leaving after him to defend his memory Algeria conquered, railways popularised, credit established, Versailles embellished, the statue of the Emperor upon the Column and his remains at the Invalides, France accustomed to labour and order, that is to say, weaned from revolutions." A SAD STORY. THERE is always something pleasant on a winter's night in sitting cozily by the fire, and the pleasure seems to be enhanced if the weather outside be at all boisterous; perhaps on the Lucretian suave mari magno principle, we feel a sort of contemptuous compassion for those poor fellows out on such a night, and poke up the fire into a brighter blaze, as we gloat over the notion we are not as they Pleasanter than all, perhaps, is it to have two or three trusty friends with you, who make the time fly by telling you story on story, each serving as an excuse for a fresh glass of toddy. Just such a night did I spend last month in that horrid snowstorm, with my friend Dr. T. and young B., and I will tell you now a story as it was told to me, and which sent me supperless to bed. It was really too bad of the doctor, for Sweeting had sent me in a magnificent barrel of oysters, which I had intended to regale on, despite the doctor's repeated hints as to their indigestibility. We had been talking about the humanitarians, and the doctor had been venting his spleen as usual, for he was a tremendous Tory, and predicted that no good would come to the country by our mawkish sentimentalism, as he was fond of terming it. Among other strong remarks he made, he said that at the present day humanity was based on regulated murder. "Do you mean the punishment of death?" I remarked, somewhat sarcastically. "No; but children are born at present only to die. You know that I have been attached to a lying-in institution for the last five years, and I have seen the working of the system sufficiently. Thousands of wretched beings here await their heavy hour, in which they are to give birth to another poverty-stricken babe. Most of the mothers take service as wetnurses in the houses of the richer class; they put out their own child to nurse with some old woman, and pay a few pence weekly. Many of the mothers are heartless, hardened creatures, who wish their children to die soon; for out of ten of such children one half die in the first month." "Can that be true ?" said B. "I have, perhaps, understated the case. The nurses, generally old, hard-hearted women, have five, six, or more of such children to take care of. At first they pay some little attention to them, and give them delicacies, but after a short time they must take pot luck. Their young stomachs cannot bear the coarse food, the children cry, they swallow nothing, and in a short space they die of hunger." "Terrible !" "In one of our northern cities, where there are richly endowed institutions for the conversion of the Hottentots, and tender women knit lambswool waistcoats for the benighted heathens, a few years ago an old soldier was tried for his life, who carried on a business of this sort with his wife. When the children cried, he thought the only way to quiet them was by beating them. They were soon quiet enough. The old fellow had done no more than happens daily; he had killed the children instead of allow ing them to die. And why should the little scamps live?-they might run between the legs of rich folk when they went out for a walk." 66 Really, doctor, you are too bad," I remarked; "your profession has blunted all your finer perceptions." "I only tell you what has happened, and is still happening. I could tell you a story showing the misery and revenge of a poor misguided creature. Have you the courage to hear it ?" "Tell us tell us," said B.; "nothing can be too terrible, if it promotes the cause of truth.' "Well, then, I will.” It was just three years ago, on such a night as this, and the snow was enough to take away one's breath; I could hardly find my way through the well-lighted streets. I was summoned to the house of Mr. F., the rich wine-merchant. He was very comfortably off, to use the common phrase. He had made one of those marriages of convenience which are so common, and which once caused a woman to say, "If you were not my husband, I should not feel the slightest interest in you." In short, the man was happy, and now doubly so, for his wife bore a joyful hope beneath her heart. When I entered the drawing-room, the tea was being served. All the front rooms in the house were brilliantly lighted and thrown into one. The young wife was ordered to take exercise, and she was now walking up and down the rooms. Not a sound was to be heard on the velvet carpets. I seated myself with the company, consisting of the wife's parents and her married sister. The mother was working at a baby cap, the sister was crocheting a dainty coverlid; in a corner stood the cradle, covered with a green silk curtain. Whenever Mrs. F. was absent in the next room, they began speaking of the hour of travail, which all were awaiting with mingled feelings of apprehension and delight. I was especially requested to look out for a healthy and respectable nurse. The sister, a clever young woman, who seemed very delicate, said: “I could never make up my mind to hire a wet-nurse, and I much wished that Fanny were of the same opinion. I am always grieved to see the way in which these nurses are pampered and petted; they are treated like queens, and enjoy the best of everything, and what is to become of them afterwards? Besides, it must have a pernicious influence on the other female servants. They who have kept pure from sin are forced to wait on the fallen sister, and endure all her caprices and whims." Her husband somewhat harshly expressed his opinion about it being all stuff, while I was engaged in combating the prejudices of Mr. F., who fancied that a wife retained her beauty longer if she did not suckle her children. I proved to him how utterly false and unnatural this view was. The young wife had now found us, and, for fear of exciting her, the conversation was turned to other matters. The sister sang, the father retailed some of his stock jokes to keep her in good spirits. The fair young wife, as she sat there self-forgetting, and only thinking of the future, resembled a saint. For a woman who bears a second life beneath her heart is a saint; even the roughest and wildest beings treat her with reverence. I left the house at a late hour. As I descended the stairs I thought to myself how happy the new arrival would be-how many loving arms, how many sparkling eyes would welcome it. As I went along the street, |