1. I might, could, would, or 1. We might, could, would, should have been. 2. Thou mightst, couldst, wouldst, or shouldst have been. 3. He might, could, would, or should have been. SINGULAR. 1. If I be. 2. If thou be. 3. If he be. SINGULAR. 1. If I were. 2. If thou wert. or should have been. 2. Ye or you might, could would, or should have been. 3. They might, could, would, or should have been. Subjunctive Mood. PRESENT TENSE. PLURAL 1. If we be. 2. If ye or you be. 3. If they be. IMPERFECT TENSE. 3. If he were. See p. 83. PLURAL. 1. If we were. 2. If ye or you were. 3. If they were. The remaining tenses or forms of this mood are, in general, similar to the correspondent tenses of the Indicative mood. See pages 90, 102, 103, and the notes under the nineteenth rule of syntax. Infinitive Mood. PRESENT TENSE. To be. PERFECT. To have been, Participles. PRESENT. Being. COMPOUND PERFECT. Having been. SECTION 7. The Auxiliary Verbs conjugated in their simple form; with observations on their peculiar nature and force. THE learner will perceive that the preceding auxiliary verbs, to have and to be, could not be conjugated through all the moods and tenses, without the help of other auxiliary verbs; namely, may, can, will, shall, and their variations. That auxiliary verbs, in their simple state, and unassisted by others, are of a very limited extent; and that they are chiefly useful, in the aid which they afford in conjugating the principal verbs; will clearly appear to the scholar, by a distinct conjugation of each of them, uncombined with any other. They are exhibited for his inspection; not to be committed to memory. Sing. 1. I have. Sing. 1. I had. Plur. 1. We had. PERFECT. I have 2. Ye or you had. 3. They had. had, &c. PLUPERFECT. I had bad, &c. PARTICIPLES. PRESENT. Having. PERFECT. Had. Sing. 1. I am. Sing. 1. I was. Plur. 1. We were. TO BE. PRESENT TENSE. 2. Thou art. 2. Ye or you are. IMPERFECT TENSE. 2. Thou wast. PARTICIPLES. PRESENT. Being. Sing. 1. I shall*. Plur. 1. We shall. Sing. 1. I should. 3. He is. 3. They are. 3. He was. PERFECT. Been. 2. Ye or you shall. 3. They shall. IMPERFECT TENSE. 2. Thou shouldst. 3. He should. Plur. 1. We should. 2. Ye or you should.3. They should. Sing. 1. I would. IMPERFECT TENSE. 2. Thou wouldst. 3. He would. Plur. 1. We would. 2. Ye or you would. 3. They would. *Shall is here properly used in the present tense, having the same analogy to should that can has to could, may to might, and will to would. The verbs have, be, will, and do, when they are unconnected with a principal verb, expressed or understood, are not auxiliaries, but principal verbs: as, "We have enough;" "I am grateful;" "He wills it to be so;" 'They do as they please." In this view, they also have their auxiliaries: as, "I shall have enough;" "I will be grateful," &c. 66 The peculiar force of the several auxiliaries will appear from the following account of them. Do and did mark the action itself, or the time of it, with greater energy and positiveness: as, I do speak truth;" "I did respect him;" "Here am I, for thou didst call me." They are of great use in negative sentences: as, "I do not fear;" "I did not write." They are almost universally employed in asking questions: as, "Does he learn?" Did he not write?" They sometimes also supply the place of another verb, and make the repetition of it, in the same or a subsequent sentence, unnecessary: as, "You attend not to your studies as he does ;" (i. e. as he attends, &c.) "I shall come if I can; but if I do not, please to excuse me" (i. e. if I come not). E |