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CHAPTER II.

Adminiftration of the EARL of HARDWICKE.

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p. 95

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Principles of the new adminiftration--Parliamentary debates
on Irish matters -Important debates in the Lords on the mar-
tial law bill-Lord Hardwicke's arrival in Dublin-State of
Parties on the change of Minifters-Mr. Pitt's friends against
Mr. Addington's administration Opening symtoms of Lord
Hardwicke's administration-Lord Hardwicke's confistence
Mefsrs Sirr and Sandys-Peace with France, and meeting of
Parliament-State of parties-Effect of Peace-Internal spirit in
Ireland- Death of Lord Clare Political arrangements after
Lord Clare's death-Case of Mr. Napper Tandy- Mr. Tandy &
others arrested at Hamburgh-Mr. Tandy involved in the capi
tulation of the Helder-Mr. Tandy sent from Hamburgh to Ire-
land-Mr. Tandy cleared-Base attempt at Mr. Tandy's life ·
Contrivance of Government against Mr. Tandy-Irifh finances
and Mr. Fofter-Dissolution of Parliament- Causes of internal
discontent-Viceregal tour-Parliament meets Mr. Abbot re-
elected Speaker-Col. Despard's conspiracy-The obligation -
Trial of the conspirators-Disturbances in the south put down
Successful exertions of Lord Donoughmore to keep the peace-
State of parties in the new parliament-Preparations for war-
Parliamentary proceedings respecting Ireland-Irish poor
Measures of Lord Hardwicke's Government-Symtoms of insur-
gency-Commencement of Mr. R. Emmett's insurrection
Continuance of Emmett's insurrection-General ambiguous con-
duct of Government-Conduct of Lord Lieutenant and others-
Final catastrophe of the rebellion-Government measures after
the danger-Russell's insurrection in the North-Russell's pro-
clamation-Further caution of Government-Judges under mi-
litary escort-King's message and cautionary bills Catholic's
address to the Ld. Lieutenant and his answer-New system of
severity-Further cautionary measures-Mr. Hutchinson's moti
on on the state of Ireland-Prorogation of Parliament & further

INTRODUCTION.

The ef

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THE history of Ireland has been brought from Advanits first connection with England down to its tage of coUnion with Great Britain. That political event ry histohas not realized the flattering, prospects which ry. the British Minister held out to the Irish people, as inducements to adopt the measure. fects of the Union are of transcendent importance to the British Empire, and cannot be otherwise made known, than by continuing the history of Ireland from its incorporate Union up to the current year. The task of writing modern history is arduous and invidious. Nothing reprehensible, unsuccessful or disastrous can be fairly represented, without wounding the feelings of those, who planned or executed the measure. On the other hand, cotemporary history must gratify a people interested in the faithful re

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cording of their national atchievements. If the truth be at first disguised, distorted or suppressed,

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may then be readily rectified or supplied by co-existing documents or testimony; and the existing generation will be assured, that their actions will be handed down in true colours to posterity. The liability of a co-temporary historian to be questioned either in or out of a court of justice for any falsehood, slander or malice, is a security not to be looked for in the writer of remote events. Though Ireland be legislatively united with Great Britain, the history of her people and Government is wholly distinct, and widely different.

In order to bring under the eye of the reader of deve a comprehensive and impartial view of the histoloping the

Society of ry of Ireland for the last nine years, which may

men.

be

Orange- called the first fruits of the Union, it will be requisite to trace to its source that political power, which had swayed, the country for several years previous to the Union, as it still continues, though in a somewhat different manner, to sway it at this hour. As many of the facts, which gave rise and strength to that power happened before the period, which forms the subject of this volume, they are brought forward as introductory matter to the history, which they more materially, than perhaps, ostensibly affect. The existence of the Society of Orangemen in Ireland, has

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