Edmond Halley: Charting the Heavens and the SeasClarendon Press, 1998 - 540 עמודים Edmond Halley (1656-1742), MA, LLD, FRS, Capt. RN, Savillian Professor of Geometry and Astronomer Royal, stands pre-eminent among Oxford, English, and European scientists. A contemporary of Wren, Pepys, Hooke, Handel, Purcell, and Dryden, he was a schoolboy in London while the Great Fireraged, and was an active participant in the Enlightenment, an age of profound developments in all the arts and sciences. As a younger contemporary of Isaac Newton, he had a crucial part in the Newtonian revolution in the natural sciences. It was Halley who set the question that led Newton to writethe Principia, and who edited, paid for, and reviewed it. In later years he applied the methods of the Principia widely in astronomy and geophysics. Now more widely known for his prediction of the return of "his" comet, Halley discovered the proper motion of stars, made important studies of themoon's motion, and his investigations of the Earth's magnetic field and of tides were unrialled for centuries. His prediction of the transit of Venus led to Cook's voyage to Tahiti. He was far more than an cloistered academic; his exploits as a naval captain led to perilous adventures, and he wasalso a notable servant of the State. Much material about his eventful career has come to light in recent years, making this a timely new account of the life, scientific interests, and continuing influence of this engaging and adventurous scholar. Sir Alan Cook has written a fascinating andilluminating account of Halley's life and science, making this a unique and highly readable biography of one of the key figures of his time. |
תוכן
1 | 15 |
1 | 21 |
2 | 32 |
4 | 38 |
8 | 50 |
Skies of the south | 61 |
Into Europe | 89 |
A wedding and two funerals | 128 |
The matter of the Moon | 354 |
Astronomer Royal | 377 |
The improvement of natural knowledge | 405 |
The ellipse and the parabola | 426 |
Genealogies | 431 |
The personal estate of Halleys father | 435 |
Chronology of Edmond Halley | 437 |
The southern stars | 439 |
Achilles produced | 147 |
Improving natural knowledge | 181 |
Celestial architecture | 203 |
Use and practice of the contemplation of nature | 230 |
Far seas and new prospects | 256 |
Appendices 426 | 258 |
Upon the Dalmatian shore | 292 |
In the Savilian Chair | 321 |
Halleys Ode to Newton | 442 |
Correspondence of Halley not listed by MacPike 1932 | 444 |
The sale of Halleys books | 447 |
The manuscript ULC RGO 174 of Flamsteeds Catalogue and its implications | 452 |
Halleys Memoriall to the Emperor | 456 |
Notes to chapters | 458 |
500 | |
525 | |
מונחים וביטויים נפוצים
Admiralty Adriatic Apollonius areal velocity astronomical Atlantic batteries Bernoulli Book Buccari calculations Cassini catalogue century Channel Chapter chart coast comet Conics copy correspondence Court cruise distance Earth eclipse ecliptic edition of Principia Edmond Edmond Halley England English equations February Flamsteed Corresp Flamsteed's fleet Greek Greenwich Gregory Halley Corresp Halley observed harbour Hearne Hevelius Historia coelestis Historia coelestis Britannica History R. S. Hooke instruments island July June Jupiter later latitude Leibniz letter Levant Company London longitude M₁ magnetic manuscript maps mathematicians Moon mural arc navigation Newton Newton Corresp node November Observatory October Oldenburg orbit Oxford papers Paramore Paris Pepys planets position printed published quadrant right ascension Royal African Company Royal Society RSL JBC sailed Savilian sextant ship solar St Helena stars Stepney survey tables telescope thought tides tions took transit transit of Mercury Trieste variation Vienna voyage Wallis