CHAPTER VI.

LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL WORKS WHICH HAVE BEEN CONSULTED IN THE PREPARATION OF THIS VOLUME.

SECTION I.

CHINESE WORKS, WITH BRIEF NOTICES.

+= "The Thirteen King, with Commentary and Explanations." This is the great repertory of ancient lore upon the Classics. On the Analects, it contains the "Collection of Explanations of the Lun Yu," by Ho An and others (see p. 19), and "The Correct Meaning," or Paraphrase of Hing Ping (see p. 20). On the Great Learning and the Doctrine of the Mean, it contains the comments and glosses of Ching Heuen, and K'ung Ying-tă (FL (孔

of the Tang dynasty.

VA, “A new edition of the Four Books, Punctuated and Annotated, for Reading." This work was published in the 7th year of T'aou-kwang (1827) by a Kaou Lin (). It is the finest edition of the Four Books which I have seen, in point of typographical execution. It is indeed a volume for reading. It contains the ordinary "Collected Comments" of Choo He on the Analects, and his "Chapters and Sentences" of the Great Learning and Doctrine of the Mean. The editor's own notes are at the top and bottom of the page, in rubric.

四書朱子本義匯,“The Proper Meaning of the Four Books as determined by Choo He, Compared with, and Illustrated from, other Commentators." This is a most voluminous work, published in the tenth year of Keen-lung, A.D. 1745, by Wang Poots'ing (E), a member of the Han-lin College. On the Great Learning and the Doctrine of the Mean, the "Queries" (H) of Choo He are given in the same text as the standard commentary.

"The Four Books, Text and Commentary, with Proofs and Illustrations." The copy of this Work which I have was edited by a Wang Ting-ke (E), in the 3d year of

Këa-k'ing, A.D. 1798. It may be called a commentary on the commentary. The research in all matters of Geography, History, Biography, Natural History, &c., is immense.

PEX, "A Collection of the most important Comments of Scholars on the Four Books." By Le P'ei-lin(); published in the 57th year of Kang-he, A.D. 1718. This Work is about as voluminous as the , but on a different plan. Every chapter is preceded by a critical discussion of its general meaning, and the logical connection of its several paragraphs. This is followed by the text, and Choo He's standard commentary. We have then a paraphrase, full and generally perspicuous. Next, there is a selection of approved comments, from a great variety of authors; and finally, the reader finds a number of critical remarks and ingenious views, differing often from the common interpretation, which are submitted for his examination.

PER, “A Supplemental Commentary, and Literary Discussions, on the Four Books." By Chang Keen-t'aou [al., T'eilgan] (CA H M [al., ]), a member of the Han-lin college, in the early part, apparently, of the reign of Keen-lung. The work is on a peculiar plan. The reader is supposed to be acquainted with Choo He's commentary, which is not given; but the author generally supports his views, and defends them against the criticisms of some of the early scholars of this dynasty. His own exercitations are of the nature of essays more than of commentary. It is a book for the student who is somewhat advanced, rather than for the learner. I have often perused it with interest and advantage.

四書遵註合講, PA, “The Four Books, according to the Commentary, with Paraphrase." Published in the 8th year of Yung Ching, A.D. 1730, by Ung Fuh [ul., Kih-foo] ( ́ [al., ƒ‡]). Every page is divided into two parts. Below, we have the text and Choo He's commentary. Above, we have an analysis of every chapter, followed by a paraphrase of the several paragraphs. To the paraphrase of each paragraph are subjoined critical notes, digested from a great variety of scholars, but without the mention of their names. A list of 116 is given who are thus laid under contribution. In addition, there are maps and illustrative figures at the commencement; and to each Book there are prefixed biographical notices, explanations of peculiar allusions, &c.

"The Four Books, with a complete Digest of Supplements to the Commentary, and additional Suggestions. A new edition, with Additions." By Too Ting-ke (*). Published A.D. 1779. The original of this Work was by Trăng Lin (), a scholar of the Ming dynasty. It is perhaps the best of all editions of the Four Books for a learner. Each page is divided into three parts. Below, is the text divided into sentences and members of sentences, which are followed by short glosses. The text is followed by the usual commentary, and that by a paraphrase, to which are subjoined the Supplements and Suggestions. The middle division contains a critical analysis of the chapters and paragraphs; and above, there are the necessary biographical and other notes.

14ÆR, “The Four Books, with the Relish of the Radical Meaning." This is a new Work, published in 1852. It is the production of Kin Ching, styled Ts'ew-t'an (H), an officer and scholar, who, returning, apparently to Canton province, from the North in 1836, occupied his retirement with reviewing his literary studies of former years, and employed his sons to transcribe his notes. The writer is fully up in all the commentaries on the classics, and pays particular attention to the labours of the scholars of the present dynasty. To the Analects, for instance, there is prefixed Keang Yung's History of Confucius, with criticisms on it by the author himself. Each chapter is preceded by a critical analysis. Then follows the text with the standard commentary, carefully divided into sentences, often with glosses, original and selected, between them. To the commentary there succeeds a paraphrase, which is not copied by the author from those of his predecessors. After the paraphrase we have Explanations (). The Book is beautifully printed, and in small type, so that it is really a multum in parvo, with considerable freshness,

¤ SFPƒ, "A Paraphrase for Daily Lessons, Explaining the Meaning of the Four Books." This work was produced in 1677, by a multitude of the members of the Han-lin college, in obedience to an Imperial rescript. The paraphrase is full, perspicuous, and elegant. 御製周易折中;書經傳說彚纂;詩經傳說彚纂;禮 記義疏;春秋傳說彚纂 π X K K These works form together a superb edition of the Five King, published by imperial authority in the

reigns of K'ang-he and his successor, Yung-ching. They contain the standard views(); various opinions (); critical decisions of the editors (); prolegomena; plates or cuts; and other apparatus

for the student.

€⭑"The Collected Writings of Maou Se-ho." See prolegomena, p. 20. The voluminousness of his Writings is understated there. Of, or Writings on the Classics, there are 236 sections, while his, or other literary compositions, amount to 257 sections. His treatises on the Great Learning and the Doctrine of the Mean have been especially helpful to me. He is a great opponent of Choo He, and would be a much more effective one, if he possessed the same graces of style as that "prince of literature." PER BC, “A collection of Supplemental Observations on the Four Books." The preface of the author, Ts'aou Che-shing (ZH), is dated in 1795, the last year of the reign of Keen-lung. The work contains what we may call prolegomena on each of the Four Books, and then excursus on the most difficult and disputed passages. The tone is moderate, and the learning displayed? extensive and solid. The views of Choo He are frequently well defended from the assaults of Maou Se-ho. I have found the Work very instructive.

TE, "On the Tenth Book of the Analects, with Plates.” This Work was published by the author, Keang Yung (I), in the 21st year of Keen-lung, A.D. 1761, when he was 76 years old. It is devoted to the illustration of the above portion of the Analects, and is divided into ten Sections, the first of which consists of woodcuts and tables. The second contains the Life of Confucius, of which I have largely availed myself in the last Chapter. The whole is a remarkable specimen of the minute care with which Chinese scholars have illustrated the Classical Books.

四書釋地;四書釋地續四書釋地又續四書釋地三 We may call these volumes-"The Topography of the Four Books; with three Supplements." The Author's name is Yen Jõ-keu (). The first volume was published in 1698, and the second in 1700. I have not been able to find the dates of publication of the other two, in which there is more biographical and general matter than topographical. The author apologizes for the inap propriateness of their titles by saying that he could not help calling them Supplements to the Topography, which was his "first love."