International Monitoring of Plebiscites, Referenda and National Elections: Self-Determination and Transition to DemocracyMartinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1 בינו׳ 1994 - 329 עמודים International monitoring of plebiscites, referenda and national elections has given a guarantee to the populations and the countries directly involved, and to the international community, that the people themselves have been able to exercise freely their right to self-determination through these processes. By focusing international attention on an internal electoral process, international monitoring may deter fraud by government, armed forces or electoral authorities. It shows international support for democracy and elections, as well as for human rights. While the international monitoring of elections does not guarantee that a dictatorship will evolve peacefully into a pluralist democracy, free and periodic elections are an essential prerequisite to the creation and maintenance of democracy, which is itself a prerequisite for the protection and promotion of human rights. The United Nations and other international organizations and groups are openly supporting the world's evolution towards democracy. This book will be of great use for those who are actively involved in international monitoring as well as for researchers in the field of democracy and human rights. |
תוכן
The Will of the People | 12 |
Fascism and Nazism | 51 |
Islam and Democracy | 61 |
Authoritarian Regimes | 69 |
THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS DEMOCRACY | 75 |
Plebiscites Entrusted to the League of Nations | 83 |
DEMOCRACY SELFDETERMINATION | 91 |
United Nations Support for Internal Democracy | 99 |
ONGOING U N MONITORING OPERATIONS | 190 |
The Challenge of Cambodia | 197 |
Another Angola? | 213 |
ELECTION ASSISTANCE AND MONITORING | 222 |
The Commonwealth | 237 |
European Organizations | 248 |
Comments | 263 |
ELECTION ASSISTANCE AND MONITORING | 270 |
Management of U N Peacekeeping Operations | 114 |
Korea and Germany | 120 |
The U N Role in Monitoring Selfdetermination Processes | 126 |
An Assessment | 143 |
The Witnessing Mission to Panama | 149 |
The Nicaragua Elections | 164 |
From Ballots to Bullets | 180 |
Other NonGovernmental Organizations | 288 |
Comments | 293 |
ANNEXES | 301 |
OTHER BOOKS BY YVES BEIGBEDER | 314 |
323 | |
מהדורות אחרות - הצג הכל
מונחים וביטויים נפוצים
administration adopted agreement Angola authorities ballot Cambodia campaign ceasefire Charter civil colonial Commission Commonwealth Secretary-General Communist Constitution cooperation Council of Europe countries CSCE December Declaration democracy democratic institutions economic elec election observation Elections in Zambia electoral assistance electoral process ensure established European Fascism forces free and fair free elections freedom Haiti held human rights implementation independence International Herald Tribune international observers Islamic June Khmer Rouge Korea leaders League mandate March military Namibia national elections NGOs Nicaragua observation missions October officials op.cit organizations parliamentary peace plebiscite political parties polling stations President principle programmes promote referendum regime registration Republic request Resol resolution role Security Council self-determination September social South Africa Soviet Special Representative supervision SWAPO territory tion transition Trusteeship U.N. Doc U.N. General Assembly U.N. mission U.N. Press Release United Nations UNTAC UNTAG vote voters Western Sahara