lottery offices in London. The proposals for this lottery were published in the years 1567 and 1568. It was at first intended to have been drawn at the house of Mr. Dericke, her majesty's servant, (i. e. her jeweller) but was afterwards drawn as above mentioned. Dr. Rawlinson shewed the Antiquarian Society, in 1748, "A proposal for a very rich lottery, general, without any blanks, containing a great number of good prizes, as well of ready money, as of plate, and certain sorts of merchandises, having been valued and prized by the commandment of the Queene's most excellent majesties order, to the intent, that such commodities as may chance to arise thereof, after the charges borne, may be converted towards the reparations of the havens and strength of the realme, and towards such other public good works. The number of lotts shall be foure hundred thousand, and no more : and every lott shall be the sum of tenne shillings sterling, and no more. To be filled by the feast of St. Bartholomew. The shew of prises are to be seen in Cheapside, at the sign of the Queene's arms, the house of Mr. Dericke, goldsmith, servant to the Queene. Some other orders about it in 1597-8. Printed by Henry Bynneman.

"In the year 1612, King James, in special favour, for the present plantations of En

glish colonies in Virginia; granted a lottery, to be held at the west end of St. Paul's; whereof, one Thomas Sharply, a taylor of London, had the chief prize, which was 4,000 crowns in fair plate."

Sabbath.

Sabbath, or the day of rest, a solemn festival of the Jews, on the seventh day of the week, or Saturday, beginning from sun-set on Friday, to sun-set on Saturday. On this day, the Jews were commanded to abstain from all labour, and to give rest to their cattle. They were not allowed to go out of their city farther than two thousand cubits, or a mile; a custom, which was founded on the distance of the ark from the tents of the Israelites in the wilderness, after their leaving Egypt; for being permitted to go, even on the Sabbath day, to the tabernacle to pray, they from thence inferred, that the taking a journey of no greater length, though on a different account, could not be a breach of the Sabbatical rest. As the seventh day was a day of rest to the people, so was the seventh year to the land: it being unlawful in this year to plough or sow, and whatever the earth produced, belonged to the poor; this was called the sabbatical year. The Jews, therefore, were obliged, during the

six years, and more especially the last, to lay up a sufficient store for the sabbatical year. The modern, as well as the ancient Jews, are very superstitious in the observance of the Sabbath: they carry neither arms, nor gold, nor silver, about them, and are permitted neither to touch these, nor a candle, nor any thing belonging to fire: on which account, they light up lamps on Friday, which burn till the end of the Sabbath.

The Christians also apply the word Sabbath, by extension, to the first day of the week, popularly called Sunday, or the Lord's Day; supposed by some to be instituted by the apostles, to take place of the Jewish Sabbath, and now observed in remembrance, not of the creation, but of the work of redemption, being completed by our Saviour's resurrection on that day. Those who dispute the divine appointment of a Christian Sabbath, allow the moral necessity thereof, as a wise designation of time, for the recruiting of our bodies, and at the same time keeping up a sense of the great benefits we have received from God, and a spiritual temper of mind. By allowing six days to labour, the poor man has time to earn his bread, and the man of business has time to despatch his affairs. Had more time been allotted to labour and business, and nore to

rest, our bodies would have been too much fatigued and wasted, and our minds too long engaged about worldly matters, so as to have forgotten divine things. Avaricious people, without such an injunction, would scarce have spared their own bodies, much less those of their servants, slaves, cattle, &c.

Sunday.

Sunday, the first day af the week, was thus called by our idolatrous ancestors, because set apart for worship of the Sun. It is by some called the Lord's Day, Dies Dominica, because kept as a feast, in memory of our Lord's resurrection on this day. But every day is the Lord's, and we ought to serve him faithfully every day.

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It was the warrior Constantine the Great, who first made a law for the observation of Sunday and who, according to Eusebius, appointed it should be regularly celebrated throughout the Roman empire. Before him, and even in his time, they observed the Jewish Sabbath, as well as Sunday; both to satisfy the law of Moses, and to imitate the apostles, who used to meet together on the first day.

Barbers, origin of.

Barbers formerly made a trade of shaving and trimming the beards of other men for money and in ancient days, a lute, or viol, or some such musical instrument, was part of the furniture of a barber's shop, which was used then to be frequented by persons above the ordinary level of the people who resorted to the barber, either for the cure of wounds, or to undergo some chirurgical operation, or, as it was then called, to be trimmed, a word that signified either shaving or cutting and curling the hair: these, together with letting blood, were the ancient occupations of the barber surgeon. As to the other important branch of surgery, the setting of fractured limbs, that was practised by another class of men called bone-setters, of whom there are hardly any now remaining. The musical instruments in his shop were for the entertainment of waiting customers, and answered the end of a newspaper; with which, at this day, those who wait for their turn at the barber's amuse themselves.

The Table Fork, when first used in this country.

The table-fork, an instrument now so in. dispensible, did not come into use in Eng