Soft Matter PhysicsOUP Oxford, 4 ביולי 2013 - 257 עמודים Soft matter (polymers, colloids, surfactants and liquid crystals) are an important class of materials in modern technology. They also form the basis of many future technologies, for example in medical and environmental applications. Soft matter shows complex behaviour between fluids and solids, and used to be a synonym of complex materials. Due to the developments of the past two decades, soft condensed matter can now be discussed on the same sound physical basis as solid condensed matter. The purpose of this book is to provide an overview of soft matter for undergraduate and graduate students in physics and materials science. The book provides an introduction to soft matter (what it is, and what are the characteristics of such materials), and also provides the reader with the physical basis for understanding and discussing such characteristics in more detail. Many basic concepts, which are required in advanced courses of condensed matter physics, such as coarse graining, scaling, phase separation, order-disorder transition, Brownian motion, and fluctuation-dissipation theorem, are explained in detail with various forms of soft matter used as examples. |
תוכן
1 What is soft matter? | 1 |
2 Soft matter solutions | 8 |
3 Elastic soft matter | 28 |
4 Surfaces and surfactants | 51 |
5 Liquid crystals | 74 |
6 Brownian motion and thermal fluctuations | 93 |
7 Variational principle in soft matter dynamics | 114 |
8 Diffusion and permeation in soft matter | 137 |
10 Ionic soft matter | 197 |
A Continuum mechanics | 222 |
B Restricted free energy | 230 |
C Variational calculus | 236 |
D Reciprocal relation | 239 |
E Statistical mechanics for material response and fluctuations | 244 |
F Derivation of the Smoluchowskii equation from the Langevin equation | 252 |
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מהדורות אחרות - הצג הכל
מונחים וביטויים נפוצים
Answer the following assume average becomes Brownian motion Brownian particle calculated called charge neutrality condition chemical potential coefficient colloidal colloidal particles component concentration consider constitutive equation correlation function Debye length defined deformation derived discussed dissociation distribution droplet elastic material electric energy dissipation function equilibrium example fluctuations fluid force acting free energy density friction constant gives gradient inter-surface interface ionic ions isotropic Langevin equation liquid crystals micelles modulus molecular molecules nematic number density Onsager principle order parameter osmotic pressure phase separation polymer polymer chain polymer solutions radius Rayleighian reciprocal relation region relaxation represents right-hand side rubber segments shear modulus shown in Fig slip-links soft matter solute molecules solvent stress tensor surface tension surfactant surfactant molecules temperature term tion transition velocity viscoelastic viscosity volume fraction written zero σαβ