21 海文 出功 罔不 怠 丕 後敬時時 後人于丕時O嗚 至于今日休我咸 篤棐時二人我式克 敬德明我 其滋 汝至 人汝有合哉言日 俾。冒、成克 呼讓克惟在 with me? Then you also will say, 'It rests with us two.' And the favour of Heaven has come to us so largely :-it should be ours to feel as if we could not sustain it. If you can but reverently cultivate your virtue, and bring to light our men of eminence, then when you resign to some successor in a time of established security, "Oh! it is by the earnest assistance of us two that we have come to the prosperity of the present day. But we must go on, abjuring all idleness, to complete the work of king Wăn, till it has entirely overspread the empire, and from the corners of the sea and the sunrising there shall not be one who is disobedient to our rule. to be taken interrogatively. The 'Daily Ex- | had done much for Chow in the past; it remained planation’gives for it:一凡我言 篤棐時 是不足取信于人,而如此(一)二人-篤於輔君(or 王 諄諄告汝乎襄我二人 襄我二人室者是我二人 我式 一襄=成:The two men are evidently the 用)‘we thereby. The ‘we' is we of Chow, duke of Chow himself, and the duke of Shaou. =our dynasty. 丕冒使丕徧 The clause=王業之成在我與汝 覆冒于斯民 ·causing it universally 而已- –as in the translation. Gan-kwǒ took to overspread this people' 罔不伸 the two men to be Wăn and Woo, and this idea put him to the greatest straits throughout the 一無不循我化可臣使也,all par. Even Maou K'e-ling does not venture to yield to our transforming influences, and become defend such as an interpretation. 在時 subjects who may be employed. (=是)二人在我二人 戡一 not know what to make of the in the last 22 23 治。若初亦惟公于誥不 The duke said, "O prince, am I not speaking in accordance with reason in these many declarations? I am only influenced by anxiety about the decree of Heaven, and about the people." “ The duke said, " Oh! O prince, you know the ways of the people, how at the beginning they can be all we could desire, but it is the end which is to be thought of. Act in careful accordance with this fact. Go and reverently exercise your government." his remarks, and re-states the grounds of them. P.22. The duke affirms the reasonableness of this meaning. 予惟用閔于天 越(一及)民=惟用憂天命 難以永保及生民無所倚 賴 予不惠若兹多誥 is to be taken interrogatively, like the commencing clause of p.20. This is sufficient against the view of Keang Shing, who reads it indicatively, and takes 惠-慧 , so that the meaning is-'I in my want of wisdom make these many declara tions.’ 惠一順於理,accordant with 23. The uncertainty of the attachment of the people should make ministers careful to retain their good will. 民德 the of the people;' now all-attachment disaffected and rebellious. reason. We have met with it before, having|當思其終 ways to a govt., now 惟其終一 1 THE BOOKS OF CHOW. BOOK. XVII. THE CHARGE TO CHUNG OF TS'AE. 為克人七蔡致百惟 卿庸三乘叔 工周 土祗年降于 群 叔德 不霍郭 叔位 鄰 于流冢 卒周 乃 蔡于以商言, 命以仲庶車四乃正 館 蔡仲之命 When the duke of Chow was in the place of prime minister, and directed all the officers, the king's uncles spread abroad an evil report, in consequence of which he put to death the prince of Kwan in Shang; confined the prince of Ts'ae in Koh-lin, with an attendance, however, of seven chariots; and reduced the prince of Ho to be a private man, causing his name to be erased from the registers for three years. The son of the prince of Ts'ae being able to display a reverent virtue, the duke of Chow made him a high noble, and when his father died, requested a decree from the king, investing him with the country of Ts'ae. THE NAME OF THE BOOK. , 'The Charge to Chung of Ts'ae.' Ts'ae was the name of the small State or district, which formed the appanage of Too, a younger brother of the duke of Chow, on whose history I have slightly touched in the note on p. 12 of Bk. VI. The name still remains in the dis. of it was subsequently restored to his son, and the Charge preserved in this Book was given to him on the occasion. The name of Too's son was Hoo(胡). He is here called Chung; but that character only denoted his place in the roll of his brothers or cousins. A Chinese scholar has attempted to explain it to me thus.–Too was Shang-ts-ae (上蔡), dep. of Joo-ning, Hoe younger than king Woo, and so, from the nan. Too was deprived of this appanage, but standpoint of king Ching, he is called (younger) uncle of Ts'ae. King Ching and E-the name of Hoh Shuh Hoo were cousins,- brothers,' according to Chinese usage of terms, and Hoo, being the younger of the two, was called, '(second) brother of Ts'ae.' was Ch'oo(). Ch'oo's appanage was Hoh, the name of which remains in Hoh Chow, dep. of Ping-yang (), Shan-se. 三年 1 for three years he had not his teeth,' ie., he was struck off the family roll. The The Book is only found in the old text, or that of Gan-kwo. There is some difference of opinion as to the place which it should occupying to their teeth' or ages; hence one of the names of all the brothers were entered accord in the list of the Books of Chow. Ts'ae thinks definitions of 茵 in the dict. is by 年也, it ought to be placed before 'The Announcement about Lo.' In the 'Little Preface,' as we have it from Ch'ing, it is placed the 96th in the list of Books, immediately before the 'Speech at Pe.' Ming-shing allows that so it 蔡仲至卿士-蔡仲 see the note on the name of the Book.' Ts'een says that when the duke of Chow heard of the good character of Hoo, he raised him is wrongly placed, which indeed is evident, but to be a noble of Loo' HAH says that Ch'ing gave the preface as he found it without venturing any alterations, whereas the author or forger of Gan-kwo's commentary took it upon him to remove the notice to where it now stands. Whether Gan-kwo's commentary be a forgery or not, the Book occurs in it, I apprehend, in the place which it originally occupied. There is no necessity for supposing with Ts'ae that it should be before Book XIII. We do not know in what year Ts'ae Shuh died. Ts'ae Chung's restoration to his father's honours may not have taken place till after the building 而舉胡以為魯卿士). The opinion of the speaker in the passage of the 左傳 referred to above was the same ( 改行帥德周公舉之以為 . Ts'ae on the contrary thinks that the office of high noble,' conferred on Hoo, was within the imperial domain, and not in Loo. This view appears to me the more likely; but the text does not enable us to decide the point. 命諸王邦之蔡-請命于 of Lö, and king Ching had taken the govern- 成王復封其國于蔡使繼 ment, upon reaching his majority, into his own, He requested a decree from king hands. CONTENTS. The first par. is of the nature of a preface, giving the details necessary to explain the appointment of Hoo. The seven paragraphs that follow are the king's Charge, directing him how to conduct himself, so that he might blot out the memory of his father's misdeeds, and win the praise of the emperor. 1. 12. I-comp. 'The Instructions of E.,' p. -comp. Bk. VI., P. 致辟‘carried out the law to the 叔之後‘He [Shih King of the Ming dynasty) denies the various statements in this par., say ing they are legends founded on a misapprehension of the duke of Chow's language in The | Metal-bound Coffer,一我之弗辟我無 utmost,'='put to death. [This confirms the ; and that to suppose that 以告我先王; interpretation given of 我之弗辟, in Bk. VI., p. 13.] = -'to confine.' K'ang-shing defined the term by拘 郭鄰 was the name of a place; but where it was, we cannot tell. Sze-ma Ts'een, in the, says that Ts'ae Shuh was allowed an attendance of 'ten chariots and 70 footmen.' In the , mention is also made of 70 foot men, but the chariots are seven, as in the text. For the 'Daily Explanation' 降 gives-猶以車七乘隨之 the duke killed one brother and degraded two others, as he is here said to have done, is in- sequel of which contains a part of par. 3, is 2 3 率無乃之哉。東 率若諸 乃怠邁愆○土肆德日 祖以迹惟爾往予 巳王 文垂自忠尙 命行 胡蔡。 王憲身惟蓋乃爾克 之乃克孝前封侯慎惟 彝後勤爾人敬于厥爾王 "The king speaks to this effect, 'My little child, Hoo, you follow the virtue of our ancestors, and have changed from the conduct of your father; you are able to take heed to your ways;-I therefore appoint you to be a prince of the empire. in the east. Go to your country. Be reverent ! 'In order that you may cover the faults of your father, be loyal, be filial. Urge on your steps in your own way, diligent and never idle, and so you will hand down an example to your descendants. Pp.2–8. THE CHARGE. 2. The virtue of Hoo, to which he was entitled for the distinction 王若日, it may seem conferred on him. that this should be translated-"The king spake to the following effect,' rather than as I have done. I apprehend, however, that the charge was delivered by the duke of Chow in the king's name, in the same way as the charge to the Viscount of Wei, Bk. VIII. The命諸王 那之蔡 in the last par. leads me to this must view, nor need it be rejected though Hoo's appointment may have taken place after the building of Lǔ. 率德行 循 祖之德之行 -as in the 東土,-Ts'ae was to the east of Haou, Ching's capital. 往卽乃 -the first definition of in the dict. is 爵諸侯之士, the country with which translation. | the spirit of the land, and gave it to the prince, that he might raise an altar to the spirit of the name of . Compare the note on 'The Tribute memory of his father. 爾尙至惟孝 course, Hoo's father. Though Hoo was acting 邁迹自身-Gan-kwǔ gives for this 行善迹用汝身. There is a who had left no traces of good by which he might direct his steps. Lin Che-k'e says:汝之行善迹當自汝身而 reference plainly to the conduct of Hoo's father, a prince was invested. The primary meaning. The characters, as I understand them, are of the term, however, was, no doubt, a tumulus literally:-'Do you push boldly on (邁卽 or mound;' and See Ke-seuen (薛季宣)勇往力行之意), treading on your ingeniously accounts for its being used as the own person' The conclusion,-無若爾 -天 子建立國分以天子之考之違王命-is quoted in the 左傳 使置社於其國因謂之封 designation of a territory in this way: The emperor, when appointing a prince over a State, took from the earth of his own altar to VOL. III. as referred to above. [Ch'in Foo-leang says:-'When Shun gave charge to Yu, he made no reference to the misconduct of his father Kwan; and the duke 62 |