Twenty-third year. 九章 十有三年春王正月叔孫舍如 癸丑叔鞅卒 四章 叔孫舍 晉人圍郊 六月蔡侯東國卒于楚 七月莒子庚輿來奔 辰吳敗頓胡冰 蔡陳許之師于雞 胡子髡沈子逞滅獲陳夏 王居于狄泉尹氏立王子朝 月乙未地震 冬公如晉至河有疾乃復 左傅日邾人城翼還將自離姑公孫 鉏日魯將御我欲自武城還循山而 前斷其後之木而弗殊鄴師過之乃 推而蹶之遂取邾師獲鉏弱地邾人 使人也晉人使與大夫坐 列國之鄉當小國之君固周制也邾 君亡國將焉歸子雖悔之何及所謂 盟主討違命也若皆相軌焉用盟主 乃弗與使各居一館士伯聽其辭而愬諸宣子乃皆執之士伯御叔孫從者四人過邾館以如吏先歸邾子士 伯日以芻蕘之難從者之病將館子於都叔孫旦而立期焉乃館諸箕舍子服昭伯於他邑范獻子求貨於 孫使請冠焉取其冠法而與之兩冠日盡矣爲叔孫故申豐以貨如晉叔孫日見我吾告汝所行貨見而不出 吏人之與叔孫居於箕者請其吠狗弗與及將歸殺而與之食之叔孫所館者雖一日必葺其牆屋去之如始 至 春王正月壬寅朔二師圍郊癸卯郊舸潰丁未晉師在平陰王師在澤邑王使告閒庚戌還 莒子庚輿虐而好劍苟鑄劍必試諸人國人患之又將叛齊烏存帥國人以逐之庚輿將出聞烏存執交而立 吳人伐州來楚薳越帥師及諸侯之師奔命救州來吳人禦諸鍾離子瑕卒楚師䐶吳公子光日諸侯從於楚 夏四月乙酉單子取訾劉子取牆人直人六月壬午王子朝入於尹癸未尹圉誘劉佗殺之丙戌單子從阪道 慎日守場無又守也公莫請入 其無其脩亡無在古楚為之遂 公爲叔孫故如 克。也,八西 楚 也.吳.楚 乃以夫建 四命交其乎外四者囊 之,與 越寶 死馬 且 楚犬子建之母在即召吳人而啟之冬十月甲申吳大 周月,關 之丁丙 西.. 也南攻 其宮蒯. 極蒯 川震.潰。 震.萇 不冒以候, 亦至待 有越 罪,追 亡之 乎。武,虞,鄰何 君 XXIII. 1 In the [duke's] twenty-third year, in spring, in the On Kwei-ch'ow, Shuh Yang died. 矣東王必大 king's first month, Shuh-sun Shay went to Tsin. 3 The people of Tsin seized our internuncius, Shuh-sun In summer, in the sixth month, Tung-kwoh, marquis of Ts'ae, died in Ts'oo. In autumn, in the seventh month, Kăng-yu, viscount of Keu, came a fugitive to Loo. 6 7 On Mow-shin, Woo defeated the armies of Tun, Hoo, Shin, Ts'ae, Ch'in, and Heu at Ke-foo, when K'wăn, viscount of Hoo, and Ch'ing, viscount of Shin, were killed, and Hea Nech of Ch'in was taken. 8 The king [by] Heaven's [grace] resided at Teih-ts'euen, and the chief of the House of Yin raised king [King's] son Chaou to the throne. 9 In the eighth month, on Yih-we, there was an earthquake. 10 In winter, the duke was going to Tsin; but when he arrived at the Ho, he fell ill and returned. Parr. 1, 3. Here, as elsewhere, Tso-she has for The Chuen says:- A body of men from [the capital of] Choo had been walling Yih, and on their return were to go by way of Le-koo. Kung-sun Ts'oo said, "Loo will withstand us. If we want to return by Wooshing, let us keep along the hills to the south." Seu Ts'oo, Kew Joh, and Maou Te said, "The way [there] lies low; if we meet with rain, it will be impassable, and we shall not [be able to] return." Accordingly. they determined to go by Le-koo, [first passing Woo-shing]. The men of Woo-shing had blocked up the way in front [of a pass], and cut the trees in the rear, only not quite through; but when the troops of Choo had entered, they pushed the trees down, and took the whole of them, killing Ts'oo, Joh, and Te. The people of Choo complained of this to Tsin, which sent an officer to Loo to inquire into the matter. On this Shuh-sun Shay went to Tsin where they seized and held him. The words of the text are, "The people of Tsin seized our internuncius Shuh-sun Shay," because he was a commissioner [from the State]. The people of Tsin required him to argue the matter on trial along with a great officer of Choo; but Shuh-sun said, "It is the old rule of Chow, that the minister of one of the regular States should rank with the ruler of a small State. Choo, moreover, is one of the E. Tsze-ful Hwuy is here, commissioned by my ruler as my assistant. I beg that you will let him be confronted with [the officer of Choo], for I do not dare to disallow the rule of Chow." Accordingly, he would not be put upon his trial. fashion of the [other's] cap, and sent two caps to him saying, "These are all." Shin Fung, on account of Shuh-sun, went with bribes to Tsin; but Shuh-sun sent word to him to come and see him, and he would tell him how to distribute the bribes. When Fung came to see him, he did not let him go forth. The officers in charge who lived with him at Ke begged from him his watch-dog. He refused it; but when he was about to return to Loo, he killed it, and gave it to them to eat. Wherever Shuhsun was lodged, though it might be only for one day, he would have the walls and roof put in repair. When he left the house, it was [always] as when he first came to it.' Par. 2. See on par. 5 of last year. Shuh Yang was succeeded, as a great officer of Loo, by his son Shuh E(). Par. 4. The Chuen continues here the narrative of the troubles in Chow, and should be read in connection with that on par. 9 of last year:-This spring, in the king's 1st month, on Jin-yin, the 1st day of the moon, the two armies (I. e., of the king and of Tsin) laid siege to Këaou. On Kwei-maou, the people of Keaou and Sin dispersed. On Ting-we, the army of Tsin was at Ping-yin, and the king's at Tsih-yih. The king sent word that he was more at ease; and on Kăng-seuh [the army of Tsin returned]."' Keaou was a city of Chow, but its particular locality has not been ascertained. I translate 'the troops of Tsin,' Woo Gan-kwoh says that the is used as if the commander had been only an inferior officer; and as we know that he was not such, he adds that he is represented so, to express the sage's disapproval of all Tsin's proceedings in succouring so feebly the king in his distress! According to the Chuen, the siege of Keaou began on Jin-yin, 12 days before Kwei-ch'ow, on which Shuh-yang died. This 4th par., therefore, should precede the 2d; but we may suppose that as the official notice from Tsin to Loo of the siege could not arrive till after that officer's death, and was given as in the text without the specification of the day, the historiographers entered the event according to the time of its communication. Par. 5. Tung-kwoh owed his elevation to the marquisate of Tsae to Ts'oo (See on XX. i. 6); and he was probably on a visit to the court of that State when he died. 'Han Sëuen-tsze made the men of Choo collect all their people, intending to deliver Shuh-sun to them. When that minister heard of it, he dispensed with the attendance of his people and his weapons, and went to court. Sze Me-mow said to Han Seuen-tsze, "Your measures are not good. If you deliver Shuh-sun to his enemies, he will die [first]. If Loo lose Shuh-sun, it is sure to destroy Choo, and where will the ruler of Choo turn to when he has lost his State? You may then repent of it, but of what use will that be? What is called the lordship of covenants implies the punishment of the disobedient. If [the princes of the States] are all to seize one another, of what use is a lordship of covenants?" After this [Shuhsun] was not delivered [to Choo], but [he and Tsze-fuh Hwuy] were assigned, each of them, a separate lodging. Sze Pil received their statements, and accused them to Seuen-tsze, when they were both seized; and Sze Pih drove Shuh-narrative on XIV. 5. The Chuen says:- Kăngsun, with four of his followers, past the lodging of the Choo-ites, on the way to the officer [who should take charge of him]. The viscount of Choo was then sent home first, and Sze Pih said [to Shuh-sun],"In consequence of the difficulty of getting forage, and the sickness of your followers, we will assign you a lodging in [another of our] great cities." Shuh-sun stood from one morning [till next], waiting for his orders; and then a lodging was assigned to him in Ke, and Tsze-fuh Chaou-pih was placed in another city. Fan Heen-tsze sought bribes from Shuh-sun, and sent to ask him for some caps. He got the Par. 6. About Kang-yu and duke Kĉaou, mentioned in the end of the Chuen here, see the yu, viscount of Keu, was oppressive and fond of swords. Whenever he had a sword cast, he would try it on people. The people felt sore under him, and he was also intending to revolt from Ts'e, when Woo Ts'un led the people on to expel him. As he was about to leave the city, he heard that Woo Ts'un was standing with a spear on the left of the road; and, being afraid, he proposed to stop, and die [where he was]. Yuen-yang Muh-che, however, said to him, "Let your lordship pass by him. It will be sufficient for Woo Ts'un to be spoken of for his strength. Why should he seek to make himself famous by murdering you?" On this, he came a fugitive to Loo, and the people of Tse restored duke Keaou.' Par. 7. Kuh-lëang has here for, and 盈for逞.Kung-yang has 楹 for 逞.Kefoo was in the pres. Show Chow (), dep. Fung-yang, Gan-hwuy. The Chuen says:-'A body of men fron Woo invaded Chow-lae, to the rescue of which hurried Wei Yueh with the army of Ts'oo and the forces of [several of] the States. The men of Woo withstood him at Chung-le, when [just at that time] Tsze-hëa (The chief minister of Ts'oo, unable to command in this expedition) died, and the courage of the army of Ts'oo died away. The Kung-tsze Kwang of Woo said, "The States that follow with Tsoo are numerous, but they are small. They have come through fear of Ts'00, and because they could not help it. I have heard that, in the conduct of affairs, the party whose energy is superior to its hesitancy, though it may be the smaller, is sure to be successful (See the Shoo, III. iv. 7; but the application is very forced). The rulers of Hoo and Shin are young and reckless. Neeh, the great officer of Chin, is stout, but stupid. Tun, Heu, and Ts'ae hate the govt. of Tsoo. Its chief minister is [just] dead, and the courage of its army has become chilled. The commander is of low rank, and has many favourites; no unity marks his procedures and orders. The seven States are engaged in the same service, but they have not the same heart. With this commander of low rank and incompetent, his commands cannot inspire any great awe;-Tsoo can be defeated. If we divide our forces, and first fall on Hoo, Shin, and Chin, they are sure to flee. When those others will be shaken in mind. They will all three States are defeated, the forces of the get into confusion, and Ts'oo will be put to a great rout. Let our men in front put away their preparations and assume but small appear ance of martial energy, while those that follow afterwards go in strong array, with ranks well ordered." I have translated by the chief of the House of Yin (See VIII. xvi. 10),' which must be the meaning of the terms. The viscount of Yin took the lead in supporting Chaou, whose elevation to the throne is therefore ascribed to him; we need not seek any other recondite meaning in the use of. There were now two kings. The text decides in favour of king King by the name of applied to him. The Chuen says:-In summer, in the 4th Tsze, and the viscount of Lew took Ts'ëang-jin month, on Yih-yew, the viscount of Shen took and Chih-jin. In the 6th month, on Jin-woo, king King's (I son Chaou entered Yin. On Kwei-yew, Yu, [viscount] of Yin, inveigled and killed Lew To. On Ping-seuh, the viscount of Shen came by way of Fan, and the viscount of Lew by way of Yin to attack Yin. The former arrived first and was defeated, when the other returned. On Ke-chow, Hwan earl of Shaou, and Nan-kung Keih led a body of men from Ching-ch'ow to garrison Yin. On hãngyin, the viscounts of Shen and Lew, and Fan Ts'e, conducted the king to Lew. On Këahwoo, the [late] king's son, Chaou, entered the royal city, and halted in Tso-hëang. In autumn, in the 7th month, on Mow-shin, Sin Lo placed him in the palace of Chwang. Sin of Yin defeated the army of Lew in Tang, and on Ping-shen it was defeated again at Sin. On Keah-tsze, Sin of Yin took Se-wei. On Pingyin, he attacked K'wae, the people of which dispersed.' 'The viscount of Woo followed this counsel, and on Mow-shin, the last day of the moon, a battle was fought at Ke-foo. He sent 300 criminals in front to attack the troops of Hoo, Shin, and Chin, which maintained a struggle with them; but behind these criminals the army of Woo was drawn out in three divisions, that in the centre following the king, the right commanded by Kwang, and the left by Yen-yu. Some of the criminals fled, and some held their ground; but the troops of the three States were thrown into confusion by them, and being then attacked by the army of Woo, they were defeated. The rulers of Hoo and Shin were taken, and the great officer of Ch'in. The Woo-ites set free their other prisoners, and made them flee to [the men of] Heu, Ts'ae, and Tun, saying, Our rulers are dead." They themselves followed them with shouts, and the troops of those three States took to flight. The army [also of Ts'oo] was greatly routed. The phraseology of the text, that "The two viscounts were extinguished, and Hea Neeh of Ch'in taken," ). Now a great officer of the varied, from its application to rulers and an officer. (This seems to mean that the capture or the death of a ruler was spoken of as his Par. 9. The Chuen says:-'In the 8th month, on Ting-yew, Nan-kung Keih was killed by an earthquake. Chang Hwăng said to duke Wăn of Lew, "Let your lordship exert yourself. By the strength of your father your enterprize will be successful. When [the kings of] Chow [formerly] perished, there were earthquakes along the three rivers (The King, Wei, and Loh ; western king has perished in this earthquake; -Heaven is casting him off. The eastern king will have a great triumph.' |