ㄧˊ Compare with the last of these narratives Par. 5. Tso observes that the sacrifice was the latter half of the Chuen on IX. xxvii. 5.] because there was a drought; and he appends Par. 3. The Chuen says: When the duke the following narrative about Ch ing. which was arrived from Tsin (He had been allowed at suffering in the same way: There was a great last to get away; see the note at the beginning drought in Ching, and Too Keil, with the priest of the year), Tsze-fuh Chaou-pih (Son of Hwuy- | Kwan, and an attendant Foo, were sent to pih. The Tsze-fuhs were an offshoot from the sacrifice on mount Sang, when they cut down the Chung-shun clan) said to Kee Ping-tsze, “The trees; but there came no rain. Tsze-ch®an said, ducal House of Tsin will soon be reduced to a low condition. The ruler is young and weak, "A sacrifice on a hill is intended for the nourishand the six ministers are strong, extravagant, ment of its forests. But these have cut down and arrogant. They will take advantage of the trees ; their crime could not be greater." this [feebleness of the ruler] to practise [their | He then took from them their offices and lands.. bad ways], till the practice becomes a regular thing. Must not [the House] be reduced low?” Ping-tsze said, “ You are young; how should you know [any thing about] a State?”, Par. 4. Tso repeats this, merely with the difference of 'duke Ch'aou' instead of the marquis's name. Parr. 6,7. The Chuen says:-Ping-tsze had gone to Tsin, to attend the funeral of duke Ch'aou. He [then] said, "The words of Tszefuh Hwuy (Ch‘aou-pih; see the Chuen on par.3) would seem to be true. The family of Tsze-fuh has a [worthy]son!”, 岸楚冬滅入有夏子。 人有陸月郯食六來有 及星渾晉子之。月,朝。 戰于戎。吳朝。 朝。七 吳季之荀來 甲 邾 長 辰。 師 市、 皞秋昭之集樂有犬之禦社、幣,夏、昭 郯子謂於奏災史於諸昭六子燕 昔鳥子退也,房,鼓於日,是日,侯子月,白, 帝者名來日當瞽祝是在乎止用日甲不平十 氏黄官,朝夫夏奏用乎此有也幣日戌有子 子四鼓幣百月伐唯於有朔以賦年, 將月嗇史官也鼓正社食日國,采春 以也。之有謂夫用降日用月伐之有其叔小 故雲宴異之馳辭物過幣朔鼓天食能穆邾 為紀子志孟庶故君分禮慝於子之八公穆 火故日子不夏人夏不而也未朝不祝乎,賦 為吾問君平走書舉未其作禮舉史 雲祖焉君子此 此日辟 至餘日也伐請 師也,日,矣.弗月 三則有平鼓所 名而我少 從不時辰否食子於用 菁朝。 莪,與 工氏以水紀故爲水師而水名犬皞氏以龍紀故爲龍師而龍名我高祖少皞摰之立也鳳鳥適至故紀於 晉侯使屠蒯如周請有事於雒與三塗萇弘謂劉子日客容猛非祭也其伐戎乎陸渾氏甚睦於楚必是故也 冬有星孛于大辰西及漢申須日彗所以除舊布新也天事恆象今除於火火出必布焉諸侯其有火災乎梓 吳伐楚陽匄爲令尹卜戰不吉司馬子魚日我得上流何故不吉且楚故司馬令龜我請改卜令日魴也以其 以取大亂之從對呼從對餘日於人鬣之死。之 歸餘敗吳楚而 楚皆 皆之師皇我舟潛者使以 皇之人師殺人送三夜則呼側伏三長許救 XVII. 1 1 In the [duke's] seventeenth year, in spring, the viscount of Little Choo came to Loo to court. 2 In summer, in the sixth month, on Keah-seuh, the first day of the moon, the sun was eclipsed. 3 In autumn, the viscount of T'an came to the court of Loo. 4 In the eighth month, Seun Woo of Tsin led a force, and extinguished the Jung of Luh-hwăn. 5 In winter, there was a comet in Ta-shin. 6 A body of men from Ts'oo fought a battle with Woo in Ch'ang-gan. Par. 1. The Chuen says:-This spring, duke Muh of Little Choo came to our court. Par. 3. T'an,— -see VII. iv. 1. The viscounts The of Tan traced their lineage up to Kin-tëen duke feasted with him, when Ke Ping-tsze sang the Tsae shuh (She, II. vii. ode VIII.), (F), the dynastic title of Shaou-haou and duke Muh responded with the Ts'ing-tsing chay go (II. iii. ode II). Ch'aou-tsze said, "Is), the eldest son of Hwang Te. he not able to rule his State, so that it will continue long?"" The Chuen says:-'When the viscount of T'an came to our court, the duke feasted with Par. 2. This eclipse occurred in the after- him, and Ch'aou-tsze asked what was the reason noon of August 14th, B.C. 524. The Chuen that Shaou-haou named his officers after birds. says: When the eclipse occurred, the priest The viscount replied, "He was my ancestor, and the historiographer asked for the offerings and I know [all about] it. Before him, Hwangof silk which should be employed. Ch'aou-tsze te came to his rule with [the omen of] a cloud, said, "On the occurrence of an eclipse, the son and therefore he had cloud officers, naming them of Heaven does not have his table fully spread, after clouds; Yen-te (Shin-nung) came to his and causes the drum to be beaten at the altar with the [omen of] fire, and therefore he had of the land, while the princes of States pre- fire officers, naming them after fire; Kung-kung sent offerings of silk at that altar, and cause came to his with [the omen of] water, and therethe drum to be beaten in their courts. This fore he had water officers, naming them after is the rule." Ping-tsze opposed it, saying, water; Tae-haou (Fuh-he) came to his with "Stop; it is only in the first month, before the [the omen of] a dragon, and therefore he had evil influence has shown itself, that it is the dragon officers, naming them after dragons. rule, on the occurrence of an eclipse, to beat the When my ancestor Shaou-haou Che succeeded drum and present those offerings. On other to the kingdom, there appeared at that time a occasions there is no such rule." The grand phoenix, and therefore he arranged his governhistoriographer said, "That is just this month. ment under the nomenclature of birds, making After the sun has passed the equinox and before bird officers, and naming them after birds. he has arrived at the solstice, when any calami- There were so and so Phoenix-bird, minister of ty happens to the sun, moon, or stars, the vari- the calendar; so and so Dark-bird (The swalous officers put off their elegant robes, the ruler low), master of the equinoxes; so and so Pihdoes not have his table fully spread, and with-chaou (The shrike), master of the solstices; so draws from his principal chamber, till the time [of the eclipse] is past; the musicians beat the drums, the priest presents his offerings, and the historiographer makes an address. Hence in one of the Books of Hea (Shoo, III. iv. 4) it is said, 'The sun and moon did not meet harmoniously in Fang. The blind [musicians] beat their drums; the inferior officers galloped and the common people ran about.' That is said of the first day of this month;-it was in the 4th month of Hea, which is called the first month of summer (The 4th month of Hea was the 6th of Chow. But the present text of the Shoo places the eclipse in the 9th month of the year)." [Notwithstanding this], Ping-tsze would not follow their counsel, on which Ch'aou-tsze retired, and said, "He will [soon] show that he is disaffected. He is not treating our ruler as his ruler."' so and so Green-bird (A kind of sparrow), master of the beginning [of spring and autumn; and so and so Carnation-bird, (The golden pheasant), master of the close [of spring and autumn];-so and so Chuh-kew, minister of Instruction; so and so Ts'eu-këw, minister of War; so and so She-këw, minister of Works; so and so Shwang-këw, minister of Crime; so and so Kwuh-kew, minister of affairs. These five Kew kept the people collected together. The five Che (Pheasants) presided over the five classes of mechanics;-they saw to the provision of implements and utensils, and to the correctness of the measures of length and capacity, keeping things equal among the people. The nine Hoo were the ministers of the nine departments of husbandry, and kept the people from becoming dissolute. After the time of Chuen-heuh [who came after Shaou-haou], they were not able to Chung-ne having heard of this, he had an interview with the viscount of Tan, and learned from him. Afterward he said to people, "I have heard that, when the officers of the son of Heaven are not properly arranged, we may learn from the wild tribes all round about. The remark seems to be true."" States to which this comet has reference will be, I apprehend, Sung, Wei, Ch'in, and Ching. Sung is the region corresponding to Ta-shin; Chin was the old abode of Tae-haou; Ching, that of Chuh-yung:-all of them abodes of fire. The comet is travelling to the Han of the sky, and the Han is ominous of water. Now Wei was the abode of Chuen-heuh, hence we have Te-k'ëw in it, and its star is Ta-shwuy (Great Water). Water is the husband of fire. The At this time Confucius was 27 years old. calamity will arise, probably, on a Ping-tsze day Too, by mistake, makes him 28. or a Jin-woo, when there is a meeting of water Par. 4. For Kung-yang has and fire." between 渾 , and Kuh-lëang omits the and For these Jung, see on VII ii. 4. The Chuen says:-The marquis of Tsin sent T'oo K'wae to Chow, to ask leave to sacrifice to the Loh and to [the hill of] San-too. Chang Hwang said to the viscount of Lew, "The countenance of our visitor looks fierce. Their object is not sacrifice, but probably an attack on the Jung. The chief of Luh-hwan is very friendly with Ts'oo; that must be the reason [for their movement]. You should make preparations for it." Accordingly orders were given for preparations against the Jung. In the 9th month, on Ting-maou. Seun Woo of Tsin led a force, crossed [the Ho] at the ford of Keih, and made an officer of sacrifice first offer victims to the Loh. The people of Luh-hwan knew nothing [of their object, till] the army came after him; and on Kăng-woo he took the opportunity to extinguish the [tribe of] Luhhwăn, denouncing it for its disaffection and adherence to Ts'oo. The viscount of it fled to Ts'oo, and the multitudes to Kan-luh, where [the troops of] Chow captured many of them. Seuen-tsze had dreamed that duke Wăn led Seun Woo and gave him Luh-hwăn, in consequence of which he made Muh-tsze command the expedition and [afterwards] present his prisoners in [the temple of] duke Wăn.' Par. 5. Ta-shin is another name for Ta-ho , the seventh of the signs of the Chinese Zodiac, embracing part of Libra and Scorpio,the constellations of Fang, Sin, and Wei(,, in the tract of the Azure Dragon. The Chuen says:-In winter there was a comet on the west of Ta-shin, which travelled [eastward] to the Milky way. Shin Seu said, "This broomstar serves to take away what is old and arrange something new. The doings of Heaven are constantly attended by such appearances. Now the operation of taking away occurring in Ho, when Ho appears again, the new arrangement will be seen. We may conclude that the States are going to have the calamity of fires." Tsze Shin said, "Last year I saw it, when it was still small. It was visible when Ho appeared. Now, this year, when Ho appeared, it was brilliant; -it must have remained concealed when Ho and it has thus dwelt about Ho for disappeared; a long time. It must happen as you say. Ho appears in the 3d month of Hea, the 4th of Shang, and the 5th of Chow. The numbers of Hea are the more correct deductions from the heavens. When Ho [again] appears, the 4 'P'e Tsaou of Ching said to Tsze-ch'an, "There are going to be fires in Sung, Wei, Ch'in, and Ching on the same day. If we sacrifice with a kwan goblet and a libation cup of jade, Ching will escape the fire." Tsze-chan did not agree to the proposal.' Par. 6. Chang-gan was in Ts'oo, close on the southern bank of the Yang-tsze,-in the pres. dis. of Tang-t'oo(), dep. Taeping (P), Gan-hwuy. The Chuen says:-Woo invaded Ts'oo. Yang Kae, the chief minister [of Ts'oo], consulted the tortoise-shell about fighting, and got an unfavourable reply. The marshal Tsze-yu said, "We are at the upper part of the stream; why should it be unfavourable? Moreover, it is the old custom of Ts'oo for the marshal to give the charge to the shell;-allow me to divine again." [Accordingly], he propouuded the matter, saying, "If I and my followers die in the conflict, and the army of T's'oo continue it, may we inflict a great defeat on the enemy?" The answer was favourable, and they fought at Ch'anggan. Tsze-yu died in the first onset, but the army of Ts'oo came on afterwards and greatly defeated that of Woo, capturing the [king's] vessel, Yu-hwang. The men of Suy and others who came late [for the fight] were then set to guard it. A ditch was dug all round it, down to the watersp rings, and along the channel [between it and the river] was piled up [lighted] charcoal. At the same time the army was drawn up, waiting further orders. "The Kung-tsze Kwang of Woo made a request to all his men, saying, "That we lost the vessel of our former kings is not my fault only, but you all share in it. I would ask your help to retake it, and you will thus save me from death." They all agreed; and he then sent three men with long beards to lie hid by the side of the vessel, saying to them, "When we cry out Yuhwang, you must answer." The army followed in the night, and thrice cried out Yu-hwang, when the men responded one after another. The men of Ts'oo came at the cries, and killed them; but their army fell into confusion, and the men of Woo gave them a great defeat, retook the Yu-hwang, and carried it back with them." The men with long beards were intended to appear as if they belonged to the army of Ts'00, few of the people of Woo having the distinction of such an appendage. This circumstance helped to throw the army of Ts'oo into confusion. 冬許遷于白 午 ○左傳日十八年春王二月乙卯周毛得殺毛伯過而代之萇弘日毛得必 夏五月火始昏見丙子風梓慎日是謂融風火之始也七日其火作乎戊寅 六月鄅人藉稻邾人襲部即人將閉門邾人羊羅攝其首焉遂入之盡俘以 歸部子日余無歸矣從帑於邾邾莊公反郾夫人而舍其女 |