Par. 6. The Chuen says:-This meeting at Ts'eih was to consult in reference to Ching. Mang Hëen-tsze (Mëeh) proposed that they should fortify Hoo-laou, to bring a pressure to bear on Ching. Che Woo-tsze said, " Good. At the meeting in Tsang (the year before), you [mentioned] some remarks of the minister Tsuy which you had heard; and now he is not here. Neither have Tang, Seeh, and Little Choo come;–all in consequence of Ts'e's [disaffec-| tion], and to the grief of my ruler. I will report the thing to him, and we will ask Ts'e [to join in the fortification]. If it accede, and we give notice accordingly, the merit will be yours. If it do not accede, our business will lie in Ts'e. This proposal of yours is for the happiness of all the States. Not our ruler only is indebted to you for it."' Par. 7. The Chuen says:-The marquis of Tse made the wives of all his great officers of his own surname come to Loo to attend the funeral. He sent for the viscount of Lae also to come; but he was not present. On this account Gan Joh walled Tung-yang to exert a pressure on Lae.' | Par. 8. Shuh-sun P'aou,-see the Chuen on VIII.xv1.14. Tsosays: This friendly mission of Muh-shuh (Paou) to Sung was to open communications between it and the young marquis.' Par. 9. Little Choo; -see V. vii. 2. The Chuen says:-In winter there was a second meeting at Ts'eih, when Tsuy Woo-tsze of Tse, and great officers of Tăng, Seeh, and little Choo were all present, in consequence of the words of Che Woo-tsze [at the former meeting]. They then proceeded to fortify Hoo-laou, and the people of Ching tendered their submission [to Tsin].' Hoo-laou was a city which had belonged to Ching, but was now held by Tsin. It was in the pres. dis. of Sze-shwuy, dept. Keae-fung. The K'ang-he editors say that the fortifying of this city was 'grasping Ch'ing by the throat, so that it could not look towards the south.' Par. 10. The Chuen says:-"The Kung-tsze Shin of Ts'oo was marshal of the right, and by means of the bribes which he received from many of the small States exercised a pressure on Tsze-chung and Tsze-sin till the people of Ts'oo put him to death. Hence the language of the text, “Ts'oo put to death its great officer, the Kung-tsze Shin."' Third year. 袁戊陳于伯 六盟 許。自侯 會。之 VOL. V. 會。 夏 111 齊子, 四 光宋自戌的 己 公晉。公師 及供 同侯 晉吳 侯 鄭 公如晉始朝也 左傅日三年春楚子重伐吳爲簡之師克姆茲至於衡山使鄧廖帥租甲三百被練三千以侵吳吳人要而擊 之獲鄧廖其能免者組甲八十被練三百而已子重歸旣飲至三日吳人伐楚取駕駕長邑也鄧廖亦楚之 也君子謂子重於是役也所獲不如所亡禁人以是昝子重子重病之遂遇心疾而卒 夏盟于長锷孟獻子相公稽首知武子日天子在而君唇稽首寡君恇矣孟獻子日以邑介在東表密围仇 ⊕祁奚請老晉侯問嗣焉稱解狐其響也將立之而卒乂問焉對日午也可於是羊舌職死矣晉侯日孰可以 物成能舉善也夫唯善故能舉其類詩云惟其有之是以似之祁奚 晉爲鄭服故且欲修吳好將合諸侯使士匄告於齊日寡君使匄以歲之不易不虞之不戒寡君願與一二兄 楚子辛爲令尹侵欲於小國陳成公使袁倫如會求成晉侯使和組父告於諸侯 秋叔孫豹及諸侯之大夫及陳袁僑盟陳請服 GO晉侯之弟揚干亂行於曲梁魏絳戮其僕晉侯怒謂羊汚赤日合諸侯以爲榮也楊干爲戮何辱如之必殺 魏絳無失也對曰絳無志事君不碑難有罪不逃刑其將來辭何辱命焉 魏絳至授僕人書將劍士 魴張老止之公讀其書日日君乏使使臣斯司馬臣聞師衆以順爲武軍事有死無犯爲敬君合諸侯臣敢 候張反以寡大寡親寇從於千莫敬 楚奄老魏人命人愛公以用無大君 之寡有也怒鉞所焉師 冬許陳 晉靈 也。馬 許.雞 III. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 陳, 人弟吾而君臣逃臣不 軍禮 敢之弗子出心之罪,懼武 司食以以過能之日請罪不其執 馬使刑為也教討寡歸重能死事 士佐佐請。子 軍人死敢致以不 富新民晉無使禮之於有訓及敬 爲軍,侯重干也言司不至楊罪 In the [duke's] third year, in spring, the Kung-tsze Yingts'e of Ts'oo led a force and invaded Woo. The duke went to Tsin. In summer, in the fourth month, on Jin-seuh, the duke and the marquis of Tsin made a covenant in Chang-ch'oo. The duke arrived from Tsin. In the sixth month, the duke had a meeting with the viscount of Shen, the marquis of Tsin, the duke of Sung, the marquis of Wei, the earl of Ching, the viscount of Keu, the viscount of Choo, and Kwang, heir-son of Ts'e; and on Ke-we they made a covenant together at Ke-tsih. The marquis of Ch'in sent Yuen K'ëaou to be present at the meeting. On Mow-yin, Shuh-sun Paou, and the great officers of the various princes, made a covenant with Yuen K'ëaou of Ch'in. In autumn, the duke arrived from the meeting. 9 In winter, Seun Ying of Tsin led a force, and invaded Heu. Par. 1. We have here the commencement of those hostilities between Ts'oo and Woo, which did more than all the power of the northern States to repress the growth of Ts'oo. Tsin had fostered the jealousy and ambition of Woo, until Ts'00 saw that the most prudent course for itself was to take the initiative in making war. The Chuen says: This spring, Tsze-chung of Ts'oo invaded Woo with an army selected for the purpose. He subdued Kew-tsze, and proceeded as far as mount Hăng. Thence he sent Tăng Leaou to make an incursion into the country, with a force of 300 men, wearing buffcoats lacquered as if made of strings, and 3,000, whose coats were covered with silk. The people of Woo intercepted and attacked him. Tăng Leaou himself was taken, and of the men whose buff-coats looked as if made of strings only 80 escaped, and of the others only 300. Tsze-chung had returned [to Ying]; and three days after he had drunk his arrival [in the ancestral temple], the people of Woo invaded Ts'oo, and took Këa. Kea was a good city, as Tăng Leaou was a good officer of Tsoo. Superior men observed that what Tsze-chung gained in this expedition was not equal to what he lost. The people of Ts'oo on this account blamed Tsze-chung, who was so much distressed, that he fell into mental trouble, and died.' Parr.2-4. Tso says that this court-visit was made as being proper on the duke's accession to the State. Of course the child was in the hands of his ministers, and did as they directed him. His guide at this time was Chung-sun Mëeh. As the duke had gone to the capital of Tsin, and the name of the place where the marquis and he covenanted is given, it is supposed by Too that the latter had courteously left the city, and met his young guest outside. Hence Ying| tah says that Chang-ch'oo was a place near the wall of the capital of Tsin. The Chuen says: At the covenant in Changch'oo, Măng Heen-tsze directed the duke, who bowed with his head to the ground. Che Wootsze said, “The son of Heaven is alive; and for your ruler to bow his head to the ground before him makes my ruler afraid." Hëen-tsze replied, “Considering how our poor State stands there in the east, in proximity to our enemies, all our ruler's hope is in yours;-dare he but bow his head to the ground?”, [The Chuen appends here:-- Ke He (see the Chuen after VIII, xviii. 3) asked leave to resign his office on account of age. The marquis of Tsin asked him about his successor, and he recommended Heae Hoo, who was his enemy. Hoo, however, died, as he was about to be appointed, and the marquis consulted He again. He replied, "Woo (his own son) may do." About the same time Yang-sheh Chih died, and the marquis asked He who should take his place, when he replied, "Ch'ih (Chih's son) will do." Accordingly K'e Woo was appointed tranquillizer of the army of the centre, and Yangsheh Ch'ih assistant to him. The superior man will say that K'e He thus showed himself capable of putting forward good men. He recommended his enemy;-evidently no flatterer; he got his own son appointed;but from no partiality; he advanced his subordinate; but with no partizanship. One of the Books of Shang (Shoo, V. iv. 14) says, "Without partiality, and without deflection, Broad and long is the royal path;" -words which may be applied to K'e He. Hëne Hoo, was recommended; K'e Woo got his position; and Pih-hwa (Yang-sheh Ch'ih) got his office:-in the filling up of one office three things were accomplished. He was indeed able to put forward good men. Good himself, he could put forward those who were like him. The ode (She, II. vi. ode X. 4) says, "They have the ability, And right is it their actions should so was it with K'e He!'] Par. 5 Ke-tsih was in Tsin,--in the northeast of the pres. dep. of Kwang-ping, Chih-le. The Chuen says:-'In consequence of the submission of Ch'ing, and wishing to cultivate the friendship of Woo, Tsin proposed to call a meeting of the States, and therefore [the marquis] sent Sze Kae to inform Ts'e, saying, "My ruler has sent me, because of the difficulties of every year, and the want of preparation against evils that may arise, [to say that] he wishes to have an interview with his brethren, to consult about the case of States that are not in harmony with us, and begs your lordship to come to it. He has sent me to beg a convenant with you." The marquis of Ts'e wanted to refuse, but felt the difficulty of appearing to be among the discordant, and made a covenant [with Kae], beyond the E. In the 6th month, the duke met duke King of Shen and the various princes; and on Ke-we they made a covenant together at Ketsih. The marquis of Tsin sent Seun Hwuy to meet the viscount of Woo on the Hwae, who, however, did not come [to the meeting].' Most of the critics condemn this covenant on the ground that it was derogatory to the king to associate his representative, the viscount of Shen, in it. Too, however, and others think the viscount may have been specially commissioned to take part in it, to establish the leadership of duke Taou among the States. The heir-son of Ts'e was a hostage in Tsin (see on i. 2), and was therefore present at the meeting. Parr. 6, 7. Here is another proof that the power of Ts'00 had received a check, and that the States which had adhered to it were now seeking the alliance of Tsin. The Chuen says: -Tsze-sin of Ts'oo, being made chief minister of the State, was exorbitant in his desire [for bribes] from the small States. [In conse quence], duke Ching of Ch'in sent Yuen K'êaou to the meeting [of the States], to seek for reconciliation and peace. The marquis of Tsin made Ho Tsoo-foo inform the princes of it. In the autumn, Shuh-sun Paou and the great officers of the [other] States made a covenant with Yuen K'ëaou;-on Ch'in's thus begging to tender its submission.' No stress is to be laid on the two in p. 7, as Kuh and Kung would do. [The Chuen appends here:-'Yang-kan, a brother of the marquis of Tsin, having thrown the ranks into confusion at Këuh-lëang (near Ke-tsih), Wei Keang (marshal of the army of the centre) executed his charioteer. The marquis was angry, and said to Yang-sheh Chih, "We assembled the States for our glory, and now this execution has been done on Yang-kan; -the disgrace is extreme. You must put Wei Keang to death without fail." Chih replied, "Keang is not a man of double purpose. He will avoid no difficulty in the service of his ruler, and will evade no punishment due to any offence he may commit. He will be here to state his case; why should you send such an order about him?" When he had done, Wei Keang arrived, gave a written statement to one of the [marquis's] attendants, and was about to fall upon his sword, but was stopped by Sze Fang and Chang Laou. The marquis read the statement, which said, "Formerly, being in want of servants, you gave to me this office of marshal. I have heard that in a host submission to orders is the soldier's duty, and that when the business of the army may require the infliction of death, not to shrink from inflicting it is the officer's reverential duty. Your lordship had assembled the States, and I dared not but discharge my reverential duty. If your lordship's soldiers had failed in their duty, and your officers in theirs, the offence would have been extreme. I was afraid that the death which I should incur would also extend to Yang-kan; I do not dare to escape from the consequences of guilt, for I was unable to give the necessary instructions previously, and proceeded to use the axe. My offence is heavy, and I dare not shrink from accepting the due, so as to enrage your mind. Allow me to return, and die at the hands of the minister of Crime." The duke ran out barefoot, saying, "I spoke out of my love for my brother; you punished in accordance with military law. I was not able to instruct my brother, which made him violate your great orders;—that was my fault; do not you render it still heavier. Let me presume to request this of you." The marquis [now] considered that Wei Keang was able by his use of punishments to aid [in the govt. of] the people. When then they returned from the service, he gave him a feast of ceremony, and made him assistant-commander of the new army]. Chang Laou was made marshal of the army of the centre, and Sze Foo was made scout-master.' There follows another brief notice:-The Kung-tsze Ho-ke, minister of War of Ts'00, made an incursion into Ch'in, because of the revolt of that State].' Par. 9. The Chuen says:-'Duke Ling of Heu adhered to Ts'oo, and was not present at the meeting in Ke-tsih. In winter Che Wootsze of Tsin led a force, and invaded Heu.' Fourth year. 二章 四年春王三月, 左轉日四年春楚師帶 左傳日四年春楚師爲陳叛故猶在繁陽韓獻子患之言於朝日文王帥 殷之叛國以事紂惟知時也今我易之難哉三月陳成公卒楚人將伐陳 不服在大猶有咎而况小乎夏楚彭名侵陳陳無禮故也 己酉陳侯午卒 開謢乃止陳人不聽命臧武仲間之日陳不服於楚必亡大國行禮焉而 夏叔孫豹如音 穆叔如音報知武子之聘也音侯享之金奏肆夏之三不拜工歌交王之 秋七月戊子夫 陳成公 月辛亥葬我 我定姒薨不殯于廟 三又不拜歌鹿鳴之三三拜韓獻子使行人子問之日子以君命辱於 不殯于廟無櫬不虞匠慶謂季文子日子爲正卿而小君之喪 冬公如晉聽政晉侯享公公請屬鄫晉侯不許孟獻子曰以寡君之密邇 |