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Taylor, Jeremy, how treated by Charles II., 283.
Teeth, zoological import of, 644.

Theological spirit, predominance of, in France
in 16th century, 369.

Theology merged in politics in England, 259;-
and science in the time of Charles II., 268;
-its separation from politics, 305;-decline
of, 256.

Thirty years' war, the last religious war, 891.
Tissues, animal, study of, by Bichat, 641.
Toleration, first public act of, in France, 37;—
in France and Scotland, 191;-forced upon
the Christian clergy, 244;-progress of, in
England, 246;-present state of the Euro-
pean mind concerning, 255.

Trade wind, 73.

Turgot, philosophic view of history, 596.

U

Unhealthy climates favorable to superstition, 91.
Usury laws, 205.

Vanity, effect of upon a people, 486.

Veneration, basis of, 486.

Voltaire imprisoned, 530; beaten in the streets
of Paris, 531;-his history of Charles XII.
forbidden, 531;-reproduces Newton's dis-
coveries, which are forbidden to be printed,
532-studies the English, 519;-compared
with Bossuet, 575;-turn in his studies, 578;
-his "Age of Louis XIV.," 579;-his "Mor-
als, Manners, and Characters of Nations,"
580-intellectual characteristics of, 583;-
as a historian, 583;-wars upon classical au-
thors and commentators, 586;-uses the wea
pon of ridicule, 587;-services to history, 559.

W

Walpole, Horace, 323.
War-spirit declining, 137;-causes of the de-
cline of, 188;-no progress in moral views of
137;-between Russia and Turkey, 140.
Wealth precedes social improvement, 31;-tho
accumulation of, controlled by physical cau-
ses, 38;-distribution of, 38.
Wellington as a civilian, 145.
Wesley, estimate of, 303.

Wesleyanism, influence of, upon the English
church, 304.

What the author understands by skepticism, 258.
Whitfield, estimate of, 303.

William III., accession of, 290.

Women, educated, why they write in a purer
style than men, 587.

Writing, art of, 214; encourages the propaga
tion of falsehood, 215.

Z

Virtue predominates generally over vice 159. Zoology, progress of, in France, 637.

BY

PHILIP SMITH, B.A.

PLAN OF THE WORK.

SINCE Sir Walter Raleigh solaced his imprisonment in the Tower by the composition of his "History of the World," the Literature of England has never achieved the work which he left unfinished. There have been "Universal Histories," from the bulk of an encyclopædia to the most meagre outline, in which the annals of each nation are separately recorded; but without an attempt to trace the story of Divine Providence and human progress in one connected narrative. It is proposed to supply this want by a work, condensed enough to keep it within a reasonable size, but yet so full as to be free from the dry baldness of an epitome. The literature of Germany abounds in histories,-such as those of Müller, Schlosser, Karl von Rotteck, Duncker, and others,-which at once prove the demand for such a book, and furnish models, in some degree, for its execution. But even those great works are somewhat deficient in that organic unity which is the chief aim of this "History of the World."

The story of our whole race, like that of each separate nation, has "a beginning, a middle, and an end." That story we propose to follow, from its beginning in the sacred records, and from the dawn of civilization in the East, through the successive Oriental Empires,-the rise of liberty and the perfection of heathen polity, arts, and literature in Greece and Rome,-the change which passed over the face of the world when the light of Christianity sprung up,-the origin and first appearance of those barbarian races which overthrew both divisions of the Roman Empire,-the annals of the States which rose on the Empire's ruins, including the picturesque details of medieval history and the steady progress of modern liberty and civilization, -and the extension of these influences, by discovery, conquest, colonization, and Christian missions, to the remotest regions of the earth. In a word, as separate histories reflect the detached scenes of human action and suffering, our aim is to bring into one view the several parts which assuredly form one great whole, moving onwards, under the guidance of Divine Providence, to the unknown end ordained in the Divine purposes.

Such a work, to be really useful, must be condensed into a moderate compass; else the powers of the writer would be frittered away, and the attention of the reader wearied out by an overwhelming bulk, filled up with microscopic details. The more striking facts of history,-the rise and fall f empires, the achievements of warriors and heroes,-the struggles of -eoples for their rights and freedom,-the conflict between priestcraft and eligious liberty,-must needs stand out on the canvas of such a picture with he prominence they claim in the worid itself. But they will not divert our

HISTORY OF THE WORLD.

attention from the more quiet and influential working of science and art, social progress and individual thought,-the living seed sown, and the fruit borne, in the field broken up by those outward changes.

While special care will be bestowed on those periods and nations, the history of which is scarcely to be found in any works accessible to the general reader, the more familiar parts of history will be treated in their due proportion to the whole work. It will be found, we trust, by no means the least valuable part of the scheme,—that the portions of history which are generally looked at by themselves,—those, for example, of Greece and Rome, and of our own country,-will be regarded from a common point of view with all the rest: a view which may, in some cases, modify the conclusions drawn by classical partiality and national pride.

The spirit of the work,—at least if the execution be true to the conception,-will be equally removed from narrow partisanship and affected indif ference. The historian, as well as the poet, must be in earnest,

"Dower'd with the hate of hate, the scorn of scorn,

The love of love;"

but he must also be able to look beyond the errors, and even the virtues, of his fellow-men, to the great ends which the Supreme Ruler of events works out by their agency :

"Yet I doubt not through the ages one increasing purpose runs,

And the thoughts of men are widen'd with the process of the suns."

No pains will be spared to make this history scholarlike in substance and popular in style. It will be founded on the best authorities, ancient and modern, original and secondary. The vast progress recently made in historical and critical investigations, the results obtained from the modern science of comparative philology, and the discoveries which have laid open new sources of information concerning the East, afford such facilities as to make the present a fit epoch for our undertaking.

The work will be divided into three Periods, each complete in itself, and will form Eight Volumes in Demy Octavo.

I.—ANCIENT HISTORY, Sacred and Secular; from the Creation to the Fall of the Western Empire, in A. D. 476. Two Volumes.

II.-MEDIEVAL HISTORY, Cival and Ecclesiastical; from the Fall of the
Western Empire to the taking of Constantinople by the Turks, in A. D.
1453. Two Volumes.

III.—MODERN HISTORY; from the Fall of the Byzantine Empire to our own
Times. Four Volumes.

It will be published in 8 vols., 8vo. Price in cloth $350 per vol.
Sheep $4 50. Volume 1 now ready.

NEW YORK: D. APPLETON & CO., Publishers.

# 15839

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