Such was this grand daughter of Oliver, who inherited more of his conftitution of body, and complection of mind than any other of his defcendants and relations with whom I have Α happened to be acquainted. And I have had fome acquaintance with mas ny others of his grand children; and have feen his fon Richard, and Richard's fon Oliver, who had fomething indeed of the spirit of his grandfather; but all his other diftinguishing qualifications feemed vaftly inferior to the lady, whofe character I have fincerely reprefented as it has long appeared to S. S.

worthy of the nobleft fouls, in which, Hunadulterated nature never fails to plant fincerity and truth! Which virines from the mouth of Nouraly (hould have influences Nelfon to futter ber confeflion of a paflion the could not fix as Blandford withed, and therefore

Directions for Travellers to the Celestial Inns and Houfes. 359

could not make him happy by giving him her perfon:-It is evident that fuch an union would have rendered three deferving people miferable, and no one could have fuffered more from the fatal concealment which honour, or delicacy had impofed, than the deluded husband, whom it was intended to make happy.

III. II The Twins, is an inn for the reception of teeming women, nurses, and young children, whether baftards or not; in fhort, it is fomewhat like the Foundling Hofpital, with this difference, as an encouragement to propa Atwins, or more than two children at a gation, that all women who have had birth, are fcot free of this house, and are well entertained by the twin landlord's Gemini.

And even, on the author's own principles, he has led his lovers into one unnecessary error, in making Nou- . raly folemnly fwear in one place that She will never marry Blandford: To which, foon after the is prevaled on by Nelson to confent: Nelfon too de B clares that Nouraly hall never be his, and immediately after accepts her from the hand of Blandford: -Such rash and strong expreflions ought always to be avoided, as any deviation afterwards degrades the character that uttered them. Nevertheless the concluding moral, That there are Tryals which Virtue itself would do well to avoid, is an admirable one, and well illuftrated by the incident before us of Nelfon's and Nouraly's reciprocal and probable, though unforfeen affection for each other, yet this moral, however proper, comes improperly from the moth of him who had acted fo contrary to it.

The merit of the author, the excellence of the characters, and the irreAftible intereft that every one takes in this pleafing tale, have occafioned thefe remarks, which are fubmitted to the judgement of your readers, in the caufe of truth, and for the benefit of young and innocent minds, apt to be captivated by the glare of romantic heroilm, and high-flown refinements.

Directions for Tarvellors to the Calefial
Inns and Houfes.

THERE are twelve capital inns,
heavens, fuited to the various circum-
ftances, tempers, and conditions of
travellers.

I. V the Ram, and II. & the Bull. Thefe inns are feldom empty; they are the receptacles of cuckolds and cuckold makers; mirth and jollity abound here, and there is hardly getting any footing in these inns, in cafe it hould rain when the fun thines. The Bull indeed is the most noted for

never

IV. The Crab. At this place bait people who have gone backwards in the terrestrial world, all inconftant and fickle perfons; it is a very fpacious inn, in a watry fituation, notwithftanding which it is always crowded, for befides the above extenfive claffes, dealers in crabs of all forts are admitted, and therefore there are wanting whores and Billingsgate ladies. CV. The Lyon is a royal inn, the apartments are very elegantly fitted up, and far exceed the Angel inn at Yeovil; it is the receptacle of emperors, kings, princes, queens, and all royal and noble perfonages; there are fome very large dark manfions in it Dby the deceitful eyes of favourites; for blind kings, and fuch as only fee thefe are generally very fuil, but the kings of darkness are never permitted to converfe with the kings of light, until perfectly cured by the patriotick oculifts, of which there are great abundance in this place, and yet all Efind employment.

F

G

VI. The Virgin, is a beautiful inn, built for the entertainment of pure virgins; it is generally very thin of company, the major part being children, but they are all well looked after by the landlady Virgo, and left guarded by a lovely angel; it may be any impoftors fhould enter, it is justly termed the celestial nunnery.

VII. The Balance, is a fmall inn, built in juft fymetry and proportion; here are entertain'd all judges, juftices of the peace, lawyers, itatefmen, divines, who have executed their trufis with impartiality, and all perfons of upright principles and practice; few people refort here, notwithstanding the waiters look out very fharp.

VIII. In The Scorpion, is a most magnificent baiting place, where are. entertained lyars, backbiters, and de

cuckold makers, but cuckolds are notceivers of all forts; it is the celestial

6

illufed here, and the old proverb is fufficiently proved, there's none fo great as cuckolds, and cuckold

lock hofpital, and fink of the firmament, being the receptacle of all foul perfons, and perfons guilty of foul play; it is very much frequented by

people

360 Direations for Travellers to the Cæleftial Inns and Houses.

people of all ranks, and numberless itatefmen, politicians, fecretaries of ftate, &c. are to be met with here.

IX. The Archer, a fine pleasant inn, is ufed by fox hunters, horfe Tacers, jockeys, and fportímen of all kinds, on which account it is very A noify; here are admitted plenty of bucks and bloods, and all true bred gentlemen that love game and sport, whether mifchievous or not, and fome convenient apartments underground are provided for poachers, gamblers, fharpers, gamefters, and fuch worthy gentry.

B

X. v The Goat, is a large inn, in a very private and convenient fituation, fit for the entertainment of whoremafters, and debauchees of all forts and conditions; it is a moft notorious brothel, and does not even except against beastly diverfions, on which ac- C count here are to be met with plenty of fauni, fatyrs, Italian fingers, and waiters from the feraglio; and as this inn daily increases in cuftom, its buildings are continually augmenting.

XI. The Water-bearer, is a very large inn, in a moist fituation; it entertains failors, watermen, fishermen, gardeners, cuftom house officers, dropfical people, and all perfons who deal in the watry element; here perfons who drown themfelves, whether in good liquors, or water, meet with favourable receptions; it is generally very full, and is frequented by great perfonages, as well as plebeians.

D

fons of Bacchus: His feat is very magnificent, and generally fuller than the reft.

III. The Lord Mars is paffionately fond of officers in the army, and has no objection to officers in the navy; but all he receives must be of undoubted courage, on which account many officers are refufed entertainment. Good furgeons are well ref pected.

IV. Sol admits of none but perfons of unfullied honour and renown; few perfons are found here.

V. Venus is a very amorous Lady; the entertains lovers, is highly delighted with trinkets, gewgaws, intrigues, and adventures, and has the greatest veneration for jilts, coquets, talfe nymphs, and perjured fwains; the is full of levity, and fhrewdly fufpected of incontinence, (efpecially with the Lord Mars,) and confequently admires and cherishes all of that stamp.

VI. Mercury has a fmall manfion, is a gentleman of a moft volatile wit, and delights in every thing that is quick and agile; he entertains mathematicians, metaphyficians, philofophers, alchymifts, antiquaries, literati, profound lawyers, and divines, men of deep penetration, and fearchers into myfteries, all inventors and improvers of arts and sciences, and has weekly boards of learned and faEgacious men, (at which Sir Ifaac Newton at prefent is prefident of astronomy,) whofe bufinefs is to confider (a great happiness!) men of real merit, and to reward their widows and children on earth. The famous Tobias Meror is arrived here, and is foliciting the aftronomical board for a reward to his widow, on account of his lunar manuscript tables; in framing which he shortened his terrestrial days. And Mr Harrison fenior, is affiduously attending the board of loagitude, and mechanical board, in Ghopes of a reward for his celebrated time piece. Notwithstanding Mercury receives fuch valuable geniules, yet, (pity it is,) he has fome apartments for the reception of fubtle fharpers, cheats, conjureis, mountebanks, harlequins, fcaramouches, mimicks, ropedancers, tumblers, running footmen, and others of the nimble race; not even excepting thieves and pickpockets.

XII. The Fishes, is an inn not far from the former; it entertains all fishmongers, fishermen, fifh women, dealers in fish, and all perfons that have been trained up at Billingsgate, and who are famous for scolding, drinking, and whoring; when the Water-bearer is F quite full it will receive any of its cuftomers. Indeed the land-carriage fishermen, and their adherents, meet no encouragement here, their method of conveying fish being esteemed unmatural.

Befides the above twelve public inns, there are feven private feats, where travellers are received.

I. Saturn, admits of none but grave dons, melancholy perfons, and fuch as delight in retirement; no hurly burly is permitted here, and confequently no courtiers are ever received.

II. Jupiter is a gentleman that oppofes Saturn, and fuffers none to enter his mankon but jovial fouls and oice fpirits; he is no enemy to the

H

VII. D The moon is a lady very inconftant, fickle, and changeable; the

enter

entertains all people fubject to vapours, vain imaginations, wandering thoughts, hypochondriac melancholy, all lunatics, and perfons difturbed in mind; her manfion is juftly ftiled the celestial bedlam; and in the hall of Proteus, which is affigned for incurables, are to be found dreamers, bad œconomists, fpendthrifts, mifers, and whimsical people of all ranks, profes fions, fciences, and bufineffes.

Α

The above directory was carefully collected from the most eminent aftrologers, antient and modern, from Hermes Trifmegiflus to Placidus de Titis, B and even Partridge (now in the moon) and will fand the teft of future ages.

Some Account of the late Dr James Bradley, D D. Royal Profeffor of Aftronomy at Greenwich.

yet it does not appear, that, in this tudy, he had any precepter but his genius, or any affiftant but his labour.

It may be easily imagined that the example and converfation of Mc Pound, did not render Bradley more fond of his profeffion than he was before; he continued however as yet to fullfill the duties of it, though, at this time, he had made fuch obfervations as laid the foundation of those discoveries, which afterwards diftinguished him as one of the greatest astronomers of his age.

Though thefe obfervations were made as it were by ftealth, they gained him firft the notice, and then the friendship of Lord Chancellor Macclesfield, Mr Newton, afterwards Sir Ifaac, and Mr Halley, and many other members of the Royal Society, R James Bradley was the third into which he was foon elected a fon of William and Jane Bradley, C member. and was born at Sherborne in Dorsetshire in the year 1692.

DR

He was fitted for the university at North Leach by Mr Egles, and Mr Brice, who kept a boarding fchool there, and from North Leach he was fent to Oxford.

D

E

His friends intended him for the church, and his ftudies were regulated with that view; and as soon as he was of fufficient age to receive holy orders, the Bishop of Hereford, who had conceived a great efteem for him, gave him the living of Bridflow, and foon after he was inducted to that of Welfrie in Pembrokeshire. But, notwithstand. ing thefe advantages, from which he might promise himself still farther advancement in the church, he at length refigned his livings that he might be wholly at liberty to purfue his favourite ftudy, the mathematics, and F particularly aftronomy.

He was nephew to Mr Pound, a gentleman who is well known in the learned world by many excellent obfervations, and who would have enriched it with more, if the journals of his voyages had not been burnt at G Pulo Condor, when the place was set on fire, and the English who were settled there, cruelly maffacred, Mr Pound himself very narrowly escaping with his life.

With this gentlemen, Mr Bradley paffed all the time that he could fpare from the duties of his function; and perhaps he fometimes trefpaffed upon them; he was then fufficiently acquainted with the mathematics to im. prove by Mr Pound's converfation,

About the fame time, the chair of Savilian profeffor of Aftronomy at Oxford became vacant, by the death of the celebrated Dr Keil; and Mr Bradley was elected to fucceed him on the 31st of October 1721, being then just nine and twenty years old; and his collegue was Mr Halley, who was profeffor of Geometry on the fame foundation.

Bradley, upon his being elected into this profefforfhip, gave up both his livings, and with great joy quitted a fituation in which his duty was directly oppofite to his inclination.

From this time, he applied himself wholly the ftudy of his favourite fcience, and, in the year 1727, he publifhed his theory of the aberration of the fixed ftars, which is allowed to be one of the moft ufeful and ingenious difcoveries of modern aftronomy.

It had been long obferved that the pofition of the fixed ftars were fubje& to fome variations, which in no fort correfponded with the apparent motion of a degree in feventy two years, which gives the preceffion of the equinoxes. The late Abbe Picard had remarked these variations in the pole ftar in 1671, but he did not attempt either to reduce them to any fettled rule, or to account for them. Dr Bradley not only verified Picard's obfervations, but difcovered many other variations which had never before been thought Hof; he found that fome stars appeared to have, in the space of about a year, a variation of longitude backward and

See an Account of 1
P.458, 503.

I

forward, but without any variation of Jatitude, that others, varied in latitude, but not in longitude, and others, by far the greater number, appeared to defcribe, in the pace of a year, a fmall ellipfis, of different degrees of elongation.

A

The period of a year, in which all thele motions, fo different from each other, were performed, seemed to prove, that they had a connection with the revolution of the earth in its orbit; but the difficulty was to difcover in what manner the ftars were apparent- B ly influenced by that revolution; this was attempted for fome time by Mr Bradley, but without fuccefs; at last, however, his fagacity and his diligence furmounted all difficulties, and he found the cause of these feemingly capricious appearances in the fucceffive motion of light co-operating with the motion of the earth round the fun.

C

Light had long been fuppofed to move with a velocity phyfically infinite, but the late M. Roemer of the Royal Academy of Paris difcovered the contrary, and even affigned the time in which it moved through D a fpace of fixty fix millions of leagues, the fuppofed diameter of the annual orbit; he had obferved that the emerfions of the first fatellite of Jupiter were delayed in proportion as Jupiter was diftant from the oppofition; and that in thofe eclipfes, which happened nearest to the conjunction, this delay amounted to eleven minutes; he concluded, therefore, that this space of eleven minutes was no more than the time which the ray of the fatellite that first iffued from the fhadow took to pafs the distance between the two po. F itions of the earth, that nearest the oppofition, and that neareft the conjunction; it followed therefore, that the velocity of light was not only finite, but meafurable.

E

rizon; and let several of these threads or particles fall at the fame time, in the fame direction, fo as to be parallel to each other, in the fame manner as drops of rain in a dead calm. Let us then fuppofe a tube to be placed in this rain, in a vertical position, and it is manifeft that the drop of water which enters the aperture at the upper end of it, will iffue at the aperture below, without touching the infide of the tube.

But if the tube be moved parallel to itfelt, though still kept in a pofition parallel to the direction of the water, it is clear, that this motion of the tube will caufe the drop that enters it to touch one of its fides, before it gets to the bottom; and that this contact will happen fooner, in proportion as the motion of the drops is flow, compared with the motion of the tube; and it is eafy to demonftrate, that if the motion of the tube, and that of the rain are equal, the drop which falls in the center of the upper aperture of the tube, will come in contact with the infide of the tube, when it has paffed down the tube the diftance of half its diameter; and, confequently, that the line of its direction will make an angle of five and forty degrees with the axis of the tube: It follows, therefore, that, to prevent the drops of water from touching the infide of the tube, notwithstanding its motion, the tube must be inclined in an angle of five and forty degrees, on the fide towards which it moves; and that, if this inclination fhould be fucceffively made round the circumference of a circle, the tube would defcribe round the vertical line, drawn from the center of its base, a curve, the angle of which would be ninety degrees."

But what has been faid, with respect to an inclination of the tube necessary to make the drop pass through it, notwithstanding its motion, without touching the infide of it, absolutely depends upon the proportion between the motion of the tube, and the motion of the drop; and, in proportion as the motion of the drop is greater than that of the tube, the less the tube must be inclined: fo that, if the motion of the drop be fuppofed to be in

But however atural this theory might be, and however well it might he fupported, it was then thought too bold, and poor Roëmer did not live to fee it adopted. It has, however, been fince univerfally agreed, that the motion of light is fucceffive; and upon this fucceffive motion of light, Mr Bradley built his explanation of the iiregular variations which he had obfinite, no inclination at all of the tube ferved in the ftars, and which he call. ed their aberration. His theory was this:

Let us fuppofe a series of very fmall particles, united into a thread, to fall in a direction perpendicular to the ho

would be neceffary; for the drop would reach the bottom of the tube as foon as it reached the top, and the space through which the tube could have advanced, during that trajection, would be infinitely fmall.