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The critics, that fplutter and kick at the mufe,
With the fenfe of a goofe, and the candour of Jerus
Let them open their jaws, and their judgement
infufe
Into Tyburn Tree!'
The patron, that ey'd you without one half crown,
And fed you with hopes of the fky's falling down
Let him knit his falfe brows, and forbid in a frown
Upon Tyburn Tree.
Should all swing in halters that fay and unfay,
That for fixpence would fwear, and belie, and
betray,

Some dozens, I think, might be ty'd up to-day
Upon Tyburn Tree.

Far off from the few honeft folks that defpife The Hummery of fashion, the whip cream of lies,

Oh! join the blissful choir ! —The chearful note
Let echo's magic from the caves refound;
Whilft o'er the lawns aftonish'd wood nymphs
float,
[round!
And Sylphs well pleas'd, by myriads flock a-
Here if the poignant pangs of forrow's dart,
Or the fell dæmon, grief, perchance alarms;
Safely repofe each fecret of thy heart,
And lull each care in Amarantha's arms!
Here too the spirit fo completely bleft

(A mother once!—a guardian angel now!) Shall ease the figh, which binds thy lab'ring breast, And heaven-ward waft the well directed vow I

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May the riff raff remove that fubfift on difguife, In Imitation of Mr Bourn's Ufus Quadrigarum. Unto Tyburn Tree.

SPRING. A POEM. By J. N. Infcribed to Mr TOOK E, TILL muft,my friend, the briny torrents flow? Still muft the mufe a fun'ral dirge rehearfe? Still breathe thy ftrains in energetic woe?

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Still filial duty claim the heart-felt verfe? No change thy numbers! let the fopbic lyre Again invite the melting foul to peace; With lyric fweetnefs join Pindaric fire, And emulate the prodigies of Greece! Ab dwell not on Corduba's folemn page!

Ah! ceafe on Plato's learned lore to doat;

Let fprightlier themes thy ftudious thoughts enAnd hail Parnaffus in a lighter note! [gage, Blame not my counfel-'tis with kind intentTho' dear the parent-terrible the AtrokeThe meed the gain'd, of years devoutly spent ; The chain which flay'd her flight to heav'n, is broke!

'Tis friendship's force impels an unskill'd muse, With zeal officious to remove thy grief: And will my friend inflexibly refuse

To talk of comfort, or receive relief. See! lovely Spring, with renovating hand,

Her blooming empire o'er the world difplay! Plenty the featters through the fmiling land, And with new raptures wakes the genial day! See nature's gifts demand thy tuneful voice!

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The vernal meads thy devious fteps invite; In heav'n-taught lays where warbling larks rejoice, And Philomela's trillings chear the night! Heedful no more of winter's dreary reign, Of frozen flumbers, or accreted fnow, The fportive floods their wonted channels gain, And glide unmindful of their frigid foe? None now are dumb!-The vegetative race With eloquence infathomable preach! Inanimates exert a pleafing face,

And to mankind inftructive leffons teach! Loos'd from his rein, the fnorting courfer bounds Neighs to the heavens, and fhares the general With favage gratitude the wood refounds! [joy! Love bleating hymns the milder flocks employ. Nor is man filent!-Chearfu! as the day,

Salubrious hinds the feftive dance explore; Their only with (bland health, and pleature gay Th' Eternal grants) enraptur'd, they adore!

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ESOLV'D to visit a far diftant friend, A porter to the Bull-and-gate I fend, And bid the flave, at all events, engage Some place or other in the Chefer flage: The flave returns-It's done as foon as faidYour honour's fure, when once the money's paid, My brother whip, impatient of delay, Puts to at three, and iwears he cannot stay: (Four difmal hours ere the break of day.) Rous'd from found fleep, thrice call'd, at length 1 rife, [eyes; Yawning, firetch out my arms, half clos'd my By fteps, and lanthorn, enter the machine, And take my place, how cordially! between Two aged matrons, of exceffive bulk, To mend the matter too, of meaner folk While, in like mode, jamm'd in on t'other fide, A bullying captain, and a fair one, ride; Foolish as fair, and in whose lap a boy-Our plague eternal, but her only joy: At laft, the glorious number to complete, Steps in my landlord for that bodkin-feat.

When foon, by ev'ry hillock, rutt and stone, Into each other's face by turns we're thrown; This granam fcolds; that coughs; the captain fwears,

The fair one fcreams, and has a thousand fears;
While our plump landlord, train'd in other lore,
Slumbers at cafe, nor yet afham'd to fnore;
And mafter Dicky, in his mother's lap,
Squalling, brings up at once three meals of pap:
Sweet company! next time, I do proteft, fit,
I'll walk to Dublin, ere I'd ride to Chefer.

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This account is written in answer to

queries fent by the delegates of the faculty A of medicine at Paris, to Dr Monro.

Thefe delegates were appointed by the faculty to make a general inquiry concern ing inoculation, and report the answers they should receive, in order to enable the faculty to determine whether inoculation was or was not an eligible practice,

With this view they wrote to every B country in Europe where the practice had been adopted, and, among others, to ScotLand, addreffing their letter to Dr Monro.

The Dodor did not fend his answer in time, fo that the report of the delegates was made to the faculty without it. It is, however, now printed, and the questions of the delegates, and the answers of the C Doctor, are in fubftance as follow!

Quefion 1.1 Has inoculation been long pradifed in your country, and with what fuccefs?

Afwer.] Inoculation was, first introduced into Scotland by Charles Maitland, a fur-geon, in the year 1726, after having tried it on criminals, and inoculated the children of the royal family in England.

The practice Arft became frequent at Dumfries, where the natural fmall pox were of a remarkably bad kind. Though this was as early as the year 1733, the practice was very flowly introduced into the other parts of Scotland. The Doctor answers the fecond part of the queftion, as to the fuccefs of inoculation, by the following paragraphs:

In three inoculated, a fever was obferved at the common time, but went off without eruption *.

One had no variolous eruption, but fuffered greatly from an abscess in the arm-pit.

One, on the fixth day of inoculation, had an eryfipelas on the face, which went off without any variolous pustules appearing.

Some in whom the inoculation had failed to produce the defired effect, underwent, after fome time, the small pox in the common natural way.

A few in whom the inoculation had been communication feveral years with thofe in repeated without effect, have now had the fmall pox, without being infected by it. The fuccefs as to life relates to the next question,

Qu. 11.] Did fome of the inoculated die? Anf.] Scarce one out of 78 dies of the (mall pox by inoculation. Of thofe inocu. lated in England during the first 8 years after inoculation was practifed, there was one in fifty died, and of thofe that take it naturally, one in fix dies.

Those who died by the inoculated small pox fell a facrifice, not to the distemper, fimply confidered, but to one or other of the following faults, errors, and accidents, 1. A bad conftitution of the patient. 2. An improper time of inoculation. 3. The bad management of the inóculated.

4. The natural infection taking place in the inoculated fubje&t.

5. Supervening diseases.

2.III. Did any who had undergone iDnoculation take the natural small pox afterwards, and at what time ?

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Of twelve infants, inoculated within a fortnight of their birth, not one had the Tmall-pox; but in fome of them a rash appeared about the time when the variolous eruption uses to be feen.--Children five months old, inoculated at the fame time, G and with matter from the fame fubject, had the small pox in the regular manner.

Several who had no fmall pox from á first inoculation, had this di ́eafe by repeating the operation once or twice.

In a letter of a gentleman of long practice, it is affirmed, that those who have a fever excited by natural or artificial váriolous infection, without eruption, are as little fubject ever after to the true fmall pox, as those in whom this difcafe proceeded in the ordina Ty form; and that he had frequently foretold this, and was not once disappointed."

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Anf.] It is univerfally agreed here, that no perfon is ever attacked by the true small pox, after they have had the true kind, whether communicated by art or nature. If any of the puftules feèm ripe, and colJapfe before the feventh day, though there may be a fucceffion of them till fome days after the seventh day, the disease is not the true small pox.

2. IV. Do you know that any other diseases have been ingrafted with the small pox by inoculation ?

Anf.] We all agree in opinion, that no other difeafe is ingrafted with the fmallpox by inoculation, yet I muft, fays the Doctor, relate a history which has been thought by fome to infer the contrary.

A physician, who had a number of patients in an epidemical rab, caused his own child to be inoculated, and being attentive. to its welfare, vifited it often.-On the 8th day after inoculation the rafb appeared on the child, but going feon off, the fmall pox tofe, and were of a very good kind. Matter taken from this child's pox was employed to inoculate other children, who had the rafb and the fmall pox in the fame way as the former one: the matter taken from thefe had the fame effect on another fet of fo good authority, infected a third fet in children; and thefe, I am told, but not on

the like manner.

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think that the rab in the other children was rather owing to contagion communicated in fome fuch way, than to the varioJous matter with which they were inocu lated.

2. V. Whether did many, after inocuta tion, labour under various diseases, which A feemed to be owing to this operation? and whether did this happen more frequent or feldomer than from the natural small pox?

Anf.] Sometimes the fwelling of the arm, in which the incifion has been made, has been confiderable; the glands of the arm-pit have alfo fometimes (welled, and become hard, but both fymptoms have ge- B nerally disappeared as the pock ripened. In a few the axillary glands have fuppurated, but in a mild way, and foon healed.

Two children in the fever before the eruption of the inoculated fmall pox had fuch coldness in their feet and legs as could fcarcely be removed by any applications, but went off as the pimples appeared.

The convulfions that happen about the time of the coming out and subfiding of the inoculated small pox, is the most frequent bad fymptom in the disease; by them moft of those that I have known die in the inoculated small pox have lost their lives.

A rah, and fuppurating tubercles, in different parts of the body, have been obferved after the artificial fmall pox blackened, but the fymptom has generally been removed without difficulty.

One had a flow fwelling on the ancle that was fome months in healing, and one became subject to glandular swellings and excoriations of the feet.

Several children of a tender and unhealthy conftitution, have had their constitution greatly mended after ondergoing the inoculated fmall pox, and it is univerfally agreed here, that there are not, near fo numerous or various bad symptoms after inoculation, as after the small pox byjnatural infection.

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Dr Monro obferves, that if the feeds of F this disease could be deftroyed by medicines that would not hurt the conftitution, before they produced an eruption, it would be happy for mankind. That neither Boerbabe's antimonial and mercurial medicines, the antiphlogiftic method, nor Dr Lobb's Ethiop's Mineral, have produced this effect; but he relates the two following extraordinary facts:

A lady, when the (mall pox raged in het neighbourhood, bathed all her children daily in a bath made with juniper, and burnt juniper wood in their rooms. Not one, of eight or nine children thus used, ever had the small pox, though, when adults, feveral of them attended their own children while in the difeafe.-On my telling this to

In Scotland the fmall pox is faid to blacken when the pimples begin to shrivel, and the matter they contain changes to a dark colour.

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a gentleman, fays the Doctor, he asked me,
if this might not poffibly be the reason why
none of a parish where juniper grows in '-
great quantity were infected by the plague,
fo deftructive to Scotland about the time of
the Restoration, while the neighbouring
parishes fuffered greatly? which he affured
me he had been well informed was fa&t.

The Doctor, in his turn, proposes the following queries to the faculty, which we fhould be extremely glad to fee answered in our Magazine.

2.1. How foon after birth do infants fufé fer the fmail-pox ?

2. Whether are children most fubject to convulfions and rab in the fmall pox, either natural or inoculated, before they are fix months old, or from fix months to two years, or from two to fix years of age, or from this to puberty?

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3. Is the bathing the extremities of children with warm water, when the eruption of the fmall pox is expected, a common or fuccefsful practice?

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4. What are the effects of immerfing all the body in the warm bath when the pocky. pimples fubfide unexpectedly, or when the patients are attacked by convulfions?

5. How many have the fmall pox after 21 years of age? In Scotland it is almoft wholly confined to children.

6. What is the number of those whodie in, or recover from the patural small pox! -The minifters of parithes have the best opportunity of determining this, and, it is hoped, will communicate the refult of their enquiries.

2. Political logic displayed; or, a key to the thoughts on civil liberty, licentiousness, and faction. (See p. 51) 13 6d F. Newbery.

To this piece are prefixed fome fatirical verfes, addreffed to Dr B-, and the work itself confifts of quotations from the Doctor's thoughts, with fuch alterations and additions, in a different character, as are intended to thew his doctrine to be fallacious and abfurd. Of a work written in this manner, it is impoffible to give an e pitome, but the reader will be enabled to judge of it by the following extracts:

"To the fuperficial and ignonant it will doubtless appear á fuperfluous labour to try which boasts itself free. fix the true idea of civil liberty in a coun

Yet the writer efteems it a neceffary tafk: Not only that he may appeal to his swn idea of it thus established, but also becaufe in the conduct (at least) if not in the writings of his countrymen, it hath evidently of late been utterly mistaken.

living in a brutal state of nature, that is, The natural liberty of man confifts in in a state contrary to Nature; therefore fuch a flate is ftrictly unnatural; and confequently the natural liberty of man is unnatural, QE. D.

The

"The natural appetites, paffions, and de fires of man are the univerfal fountain of bis actions; but there is also a firong and effential connection between bis actions and bis thoughts, -opinions and principles." Now to form this connection, either his thoughts must proceed from his actions, or his actions from his thoughts. But it is evident that his thoughts cannot proceed from his actions, because in that cafe, a man must do a thing before he thinks of it, which is abfurd. His actions then must necessarily proceed from his thoughts. But according to the hypothefis his actions flow from his paffions alone." Therefore thoughts, opinions,and principles are the fame (or fynon mous terms with) natural appetites, passions, and defires. 2. E. D.

"The passions and reafons of a child will put themselves in action, bosider quretched and inconflent, in the fame manner as bis limbs will make an effort towards walking, bowever awkward and abfurd. The fame objection, therefore, that lies against inftilling falutary babits and principles, will arife againft teaching him to walk erect; this being, indeed, a violation of the natural freedom of the body, as the other is of the natural liberty of the paffions and the mind. The confequences too are of the fame nature; for fure a child left 10 the direction of bis oron of petites and reafen would fand the fime chance to grovel in abfurdities, as to crato! on hands and knees, and wallow in the mire."

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Therefore, as our nurfes have provided an adequate remedy for thefe natural defects of the body, by the invention of a machine, known by the name of a go-cart; E the writer, in imitation of thefe fage matrons, would recommend the ufe of an inftrument of the like nature, which may be called a go-cart for the mind.

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"There is no difference with respect to the real and internal freedom of the mind, between opinions infilled, and opinions caught by accident. For, in truth, the mand F cannot be compelled to receive any babit of thought, principle, or opinion. These may, indeed, be offered to the infant mind, but the reception of them is its oten voluntary a&t:"_ So when an ignorant chap, who has been induced to purchase a nag at Smithfield by the extravagant praifes beftowed on him by the jockey, finding 'it upon trial turn out a mere jade, returns to the dealer full of indignation at this imagi-` mary impofition; the honest Yorkshire man coolly replies, with equal ftrength of argument -It is very true, matter, I offered you the beaf, but whatever I faid of it, you know I could not force you to take it; you might have had it or let it alone, juft as you pleafed; fo that if you did buy it, it was your own voluntary act and deed.

3. The philofophical connerce of arts,

intended to improve arts, trade, and ma◄ nufacture, Part 3, 4; by W. Lewis, M.B. and F.R.S. Willock.

Mr Lewis having employed himself feveral years in chemical experiments, and made proper difpofitions for continuing them, published proposals fo long ago as the year 1748, for printing a very extensive work containing an account of thofe experiments, and of fuch information as he fhould be able to obtain from artificers of various kinds, not ranged in any order, but only referred to from an index. His friends, however, thought it would be hetter to methodize the facts, and give a compleat history of every art by itself; but as it was impoffible to execute fuch a plan without affistance that could not eafily be procured, and as a fimple detail of mere manual operations would not coincide with the materials he had procured, nor the views with which he had engaged in this undertaking, it was laid afide.

But another method occurred, not encumbered with the fame difficulty, nor lia ble to the fame objection. Many of the arts have a natural connection with each other; the fame property, or fact, may. therefore equally influence feveral: A colour that can be easily fixed in animal and vegetable fibres, is equally beneficial to the woollen-dyer, the filk-dyer, the dyer of linen and cotton thread, and the callicoprinter; and a colour that will bear the fire, and unite with vitrious bodies in fufion, equally concerns the glais-maker, the enameller, and the painter on porcelain.

But those who are employed in one are are generally very ignorant of the proceffes of others, though dependant upon the fame principles, and frequently their own art is imperfect for want of their knowing an ef fect that has actually been produced in another: The dyer of linen cloth, and of linen and cotton thread, is not able to give them a black that fhall endure the wearing yet the callico-printer can fix as durable a black as can be defired, both on linen and cotton.

So all the arts of which iron is the fubject, have common principles: The farrier, the lock-fmith, and the cutler know how to work iron; but each of them knows only the manner of working he has learnt, and is wholly ignorant that the art of working iron has general principles, which would be useful in many cafes to which his common practife cannot be ap plied.

To enquire, therefore, by experiment, into the different means of producing the H fame effect, and trace it through all the arts in which fuch an effe&t is required; to examine the chemical properties of one fubject, and confider its utes in all arts, leem

!

feemed to be the most effectual method of establishing certain and invariable princip'es of all the arts as now exercifed, of procuring fuch a communication of knowledge as might fupply their defects, multiply their refources, improve their products, and facilitate their operations.

Such is the plan, therefore, which he has chofen to follow; and to enable others to purfue chemical experiments still farther, he has given inftructions how to procure, at a fmall expence, a fet of furnaces very commodious, and easily manageable, which may be all worked under a common chimney, and fome in the middle of a room, without offence, and with which most of the experiments that require fire may be performed with great eafe, expedition, and fafety. He has alfo given an entire effay on the improvement of the machines for blowing air into large furnaces, by a fall of water without moveable bellows, by virtue of the air carried down by the water as it falls through pipes.

The volume now published, however, is but part of the work, fome has appeared before, and the reft will appear with all convenient fpeed. For the amusement and inftruction of our readers, the 'following curious experiments are extracted, which it cannot but afford a more perma. ment entertainment to repeat.

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veffel unaltered; on the admiffion of air changing into a blue flame, with a fuffocating volatile acid fume, which by air and moisture returns into the original, inodo rous, ponderous, vitriolic acid.

By mixing the brimstone with iron filings, a fresh tranfpofition is produced; and as in the preceding cafe the action is excited by fire, fo in this it is excited by water. The mixture, kept perfectly dry, continues unaltered for years: on being moistened with water, it grows spontaneously hot in a few hours, and if the quantity is large, it even bursts into flame, with fuch commotion as has induced many to afcribe earthquakes and vulcanoes to this caufe. During this action the acid is tranfferred to the iron, and the inflammable matter, before combined with it, escapes into the air. The combination of the acid with the iron forms the green vitriol or copperas of the fhops, a falt of a strong tafte, and of easy solution in water, though the quantity of iron in it is very far greater than that of the inflammable matter, by which, in the form of brimstone, the mifcibility of the acid with the water was destroyed.

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"When quick lime is diffolved in water, if we add to the transparent fluid a little vitriolic acid, the acid particles unite with the diffolved particles of the lime into a new compound, which, notwithstanding the pungent taste of the one ingredient, the E corrofive acidity of the other, and the folubility of both, proves infipid and indiffoluble, and which, therefore, feparating from the water, renders it at first milky, and, on standing, fettles to the bottom, in form of powder or small chrystals, of the fame general properties of the native gyp-p fums, or plafter-of-paris ftones.

If this powder be ground with infammable matter, as powdered charcoal, no action happens between them, how exquifitely foever they be mixed: the two powders continue gypíum and charcoal, and may be in great measure parted from one another by means of water, the charcoal powder remaining for a time fufpended in the fluid, while the heavy gypfum fettles. On expofing (the mixture to a proper degree of heat, the acid quits the lime, and unites with the inflammable principle of the coal, forming therewith another new compound, common brimstone, which, like the former, proves infipid, and indiffoluble in watery liquors, though in other properties remarkably different; melting in a small degree of heat into a red fluid, in a fomewhat greater heat, if the air is excluded, rifing into the upper part of the

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To the green folution of the vitriol, if fome vegetable afhes, or the earth called magnesia, be added, the iron falls to the bottom, confiderably altered, in form of ochre or ruft, deprived of its attractive power to the magnet, and of all its metallic properties, which, however, are easily restored by expofing it to the fire in mixture with a little charcoal powder. room of the iron thus thrown out from the liquor, the acid attacks the vegetable earth or magnesia, and though with one kind of earth, as we have feen above, it forms an infipid and indissoluble concrete; with both these earths it composes a bit terih falt, which diffolves easily, and which, at least when magnesia is made use of, is the fame with that of the purging mineral waters.

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If to the folution of this falt we add a volatile alcaline (alt, the penetrating mell of the alcali is fuppreffed in an instant, the acid uniting with the alcali into a new compound, and depositing the earth which it had taken up before,

From this compound, fixt alcalipe falts abforb the acid, and fet at liberty the vol1tile alcali, with all its original properties. Though the acid and fixt alcali, separately, are very pungent and corrofive, and fo ftrongly difpofed to unite with water that they imbibe it from the air, yet the combination of the two has only a mild bitterish tafte, and diffolves in water very difficultly and sparingly.

After all thefe tranfpofitions, the acid may fill be recovered pure, and made to pals again through the fame and through a mul

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