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THE FRIEND,

AN INDEPENDENT MONTHLY.

Volume III.—1868.

NEW YORK:

FRIEND ASSOCIATION, 131 WILLIAM STREET.

1868.

THE NEW YORK PUBLIC HIRARY

165939

ASTCR, NOX AND TILDEN FOUNDATIONS 1900.

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THE FRIEND.

VOL. III.-JANUARY, 1868.- NO. 25.

EGYPT'S PLACE IN UNIVERSAL HISTORY.

An Historical Investigation, in 5 volumes. By C. C. I. BARON BUNSEN, D.Ph., D.C.L., and D.D. Translated from the German by CHARLES H. COTtrell, Esq., M.A., with additions by SAMUEL BIRCH, L.L.D. Vol. 5.-London: LONGMANS, GREEN & Co. 1867.

IT

T is an unsatisfactory way to begin to write history in the middle, but we have endeavored, in a former article, to indicate in a general way Egypt's position in the great tide of dividing, immigrating races.

It was seen, then, that her civilization threw a bridge from Asia into We believe Europe, and, standing upon it, we look "before and after." with Bunsen, that the Hebrew residence in the Delta was of long duration; that seventy souls went down with Jacob into Egypt was a steadfast tradition. The Egyptians counted "bonds-people" among the "goods " or possessions. of these new colonists. Abraham had carried down 318 fighting men ; Jacob may easily have had 1,500. Joseph made his brothers chief herdsmen of the royal flocks. Soon after, the crown owned all the land, and then there was fertile pasturage in the Fayoum. In the first numbering Moses showed 603,550 soldiers; twenty years after, near Jericho, 601,730. There had been losses by war, sickness, hardship and discipline. Their bondage could not have begun till the Shepherds, a protecting kindred race, were driven out of the city of Avaris, the Scriptural Ramses, in the Delta, in the tenth year of Tuthmosis III, the oppressor, who was so hated that cowardly, fanatical Menepthah could never complete his tomb. In this year he began

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