1 The men of Ts'ing are in P'ang; The chariot with its team in mail ever moves about; The two spears in it, with their ornaments, rising, one above the other. So do they roam about the Ho. 2 The men of Ts'ing are in Seaou; The chariot with its team in mail looks martial, And the two spears in it, with their hooks, rise one above the other. So do they saunter about by the Ho. shooting, and indicates something done with the | The Tso-chuen, on the 2d year of duke Min, pp. left hand, which held the bow, that was called ‘escorting the arrow?釋棚-the critics all take ping as 'the cover of the quiver.' We must suppose that this was tied up somehow during the chase, that the arrows might be readily taken out; when they were no more wanted, the fastening was loosed,' and the quiver closed. We find in the Tso Chuen instead of the char 7, 8, that the Teih entered Wei,' and 'Ch'ing threw away its army,' says that the earl of Ching hated Kaou K'ih, and sent him with an army to the Ho,' (to resist the Teih), where he was stationed for a long time, without being recalled. The troops dispersed and returned to their homes. Kaou Kih himself fled to Ch'in; and the people of Ching, with reference to the affair, made the Tsing-jin.' This account of the piece is adopted substantially in the 'Little acter in the text.鬯==帳, a bow-case. It Preface,' which adds, what does not appear is here used as a verb;- He cases his bow.' The rhymes are-in st. 1, 馬,粗 無 from the piece itself, that it was directed against duke Wăn, who took this method of getting rid of Kaou K'ih, a minister who was distasteful to ,,,, cat.5, t. 2: in 2,,,him.-Duke Wän ruled in Ch'ing, B.C. 662— 627). The attack of Wei by the Teih was It took place in B.C. 659. 行揚,cat.10;射御,cat.5,t.2;控,often referred to in Bkk. IV.−VI. cat. 6. Ode 5. Narrative. THE USELESS MANEUVRING OF AN ARMY OF CHING ON THE FRONTIERS. L 1, in all the stt. Tsing was a city of Ching, –that belonging, it is supposed, to Kaou Kih, the people of which he had been ordered to lead to defend the frontiers of the State against the Teih. Prang, Seaou, and Chow, were all cities near the Ho, which flowed through both the 作中右 左陶駟在遥 抽。旋陶。 好。軍抽。 3 The men of Ts'ing are in Chow; The mailed team of the chariot prance proudly. [The driver] on the left wheels it about, and [the spearman] on the right brandishes his weapon, While the general in the middle looks pleased. Rests in his lot and will not change. States of Ching and Wei. Maou seems to say that Pang was in Wei, as if the troops of Ching had passed into that State, to intercept any movement of the Teih to the south. L1. 2, 3.駟 as the composition of the char acter intimates, denotes 'four horses,'–the num ber driven in one chariot. 介=甲,‘mail,' and here=, 'clothed with mail,'-referring to a defensive armour against the spears and arrows of the enemy, with which war-horses were covered. We are to understand by this mailed team that of the chariot of Kaou Kih, who commanded the troops of Ching. I may say that we must do so in the 3d st., and the conclusion there must be extended to the other stanzas. Of course, where the chariot of the leader was, there also would the rest of his force as be. is explained as the appearance of as ‘the appearance of being pleased and satisfied.' The 'two spears' were set up in the chariot. Maou says nothing about them, but Choo follows Kangshing in saying they were the tsew () spear, and the e(夷),the former 20 cubits long, and the latter 24. Hwang Yih-ching says that the maou was pointed, and had also a hook, near the point, so that it could be used both for thrusting and piercing, and for laying hold. From this hook there was hung an ornament of feathers dyed red, which was called. Owing to the difft. length of the spears, these ornaments fluttered one above the other (II 而見)’In the 2d st., only the ‘hooks of the spears (喬)’ are seen, the ornaments having disappeared in consequence of the length of time that the troops were kept on service. Maou took the 3d line in st. 3 as describing the movements of the whole army; but K'ang-shing, more correctly, understood the of the driver of the chariot, who sat on the left of the general, and the of the spearman, who sat on his right. In this way the chariot of Kaou K'ih is represented as moving about with a vain display. 旋=還車‘turns the chariot;’抽一拔刃, draws and brandishes his weapon.' I. 4. 翺翔 and 逍遥 翔and逍遙 are of cognate signification, the former representing the wheel ing about of a bird in the air, and the latter the aimless sauntering of a man. In st. 3, 中軍 points out K'aou K'ih, occupying the central place in his chariot, and supposed to be the simply to act the pleased.’–Nothing could be centre of his army. He made it his business expected from an army thus commanded. The rhymes are in st. 1, 彭旁英 *, 翔 cat. 10: in 2. 消藨喬遙 cat. 2: in Ode 6. Narrative. CELEBRATING SOME OF FICER OF CHING. No conjecture even can be hazarded as to the officer whom the writer of this piece had in mind, but that can be no reason for adopting any other interpetation of it than 卯之彥今 其之子 英 子。兮。 三章 。 邦 皮孔羔 武表 之有豹 直。子。力。飾。 2 His lamb's fur, with its cuffs of leopard-skin. Looks grandly martial and strong. That officer In the country will ever hold to the right. 3 How splendid is his lamb's fur! How bright are its three ornaments! That officer Is the ornament of the country. VII. Tsun-ta loo. 章 故不惡無子摻路遵 大道 也是今。我今之執兮大 路 1 Along the highway, I hold you by the cuff. Do not hate me; Old intercourse should not be suddenly broken off. what I have given. The Little Preface' makes | lowed. Moreover, the officer comes in directly the same mistake here as in its account of the 9th ode of last Book, and refers the subject to some officer of a former time, who is here praised, to brand more deeply the court of Ching, which had come to be without such men. -There are two other odes having the same title as this, x. VII., and xiii. I. They are distinguished by pretixing to the title the name in1.3. 直順,‘straight,' all in order.’侯 - admirable.' This explanation of appears in Han Ying. 三英 is descriptive of ornaments sewn upon the jacket, but we have not the means of describing them. Comp. of the Book to which they belong. This is 素絲五, &c., in ii.VII. This meaning Ch ing Kaou-k'ew. L1.1,2, in all the stt.裘 signifies (fur gar ments, furs after they are made up.' Here it is used for the upper garment or jacket, worn at audiences, both by the princes of States and their of would come under the definition of that term by in the dict. "see on vi.IV. L1.3,4. 彼其之子一 舍 officers, and made of lamb's fur. The jackets 命命 here the lot,' and all the duties cuffs–in st.2, called ornaments –of leopard- belonging to it ; 舍, in the 3d tone, =處,‘to skin. 如懦‘glossy,’–as if wet and shining | occupy' to rest in' 渝 =變, (to change.. of the officers, however, were distinguished by with ointment. in st.3is defined by Maou i. e., in this case, to deviate from his principles. and Choo as meaning fresh and rich-looking: 邦之司直=‘the country's master of 桶子味士雞雞女 爛星夜典旦曰鳴。曰 1 Says the wife, 'It is cock-crow;' Says the husband, 'It is grey dawn.' Rise, Sir, and look at the night,. If the morning star be not shining. The rhymee are–in st. 1, 懦* 侯渝* cat. 4, t. 1: in 2, 飾 力值, cat. 1, t. 3: in 3, 晏粲彥, cat.16. 鳴曰 explains the term by 棄,‘to reject.' The 4th line is not a little difficult. 不 is for the most part our negative 'not,' and is not to be taken imperatively. So Maou appears to take it here, as indicative. 是一速,‘hurriedly,’ or ‘to do anything hurriedly. K'ang-shing explains the lines in the 1st st. thus:- Do not hate me for trying thus to detain you; it is because duke Chwang is not swift to pursue the way of our former ruler that I do so.' Similarly he deals with them in the next stanza, taking 好 in the 2nd tone,="good ways.' Even Ode 7. Narrative. OLD FRIENDSHIP SHOULD NOT BE HASTILY BROKEN OFF. l will not venture any interpretation of this brief and trivial ode. Choo hears in it the words of a woman entreating her lover not to cast her off. Maou understands it of the people of Ch'ing wishing to retain the good men who were dissatisfied with duke Chwang, and leaving the public service. So far as the language of the ode is concerned, we must pronounce in favour of Choo; the scholars who reject Choo's view shrink from but the ‘highway' is a strange place for a woman to be detaining her lover in, and pleading with him. He, however, fortifies his view by the opinion of Sung-yuh (宋玉), a poet of the end of the Chow dyn.; see the 登徒 子好色賦 in the 19th Book of Seaou Tung's (Literary Selections.’ The imperial editors evidently incline to the old view. Choo He, they say, at one time held it himself; and few of the scholars of the Sung, Yuen, and Ming dynasties adopted his interpretation. L1.1,2 in both stt. 遵一 ,一as in i.X. 大 路, ‘the grand road,’= the high or public way. -, 'to hold,' 'to grasp.' L1.3,4. 無一毋,do not.' is another form of, 'ugly,' and this would seem to be decisive in favour of Choo's interpretation: 'Do not look on me as ugly.' Still, I have not pressed this. The Shwoh-wan quotes the line with another variation of the character, and thus explaining 是 They take 不 impera tively; which is allowable:-see Wang Yin-che on the term. Then 故=舊cold inter course,' and 好‘friendship;’–in 3d tone: 'Do not deal thus hastily with old intercourse." 5, The rhymes are–in st. 1, 路袪故 st.1: in 2, 手, 好, cat.3, t.2. Ode 8. Narrative. cat. A PLEASANT PICTURE OP DOMESTIC LIFE. A WIFE SENDS HER HUSBAND FROM HER SIDE TO HIS HUNTING, EXPRESSES HER AFFECTION, AND ENCOURAGES HIM TO CULTIVATE VIRTUOUS FRIENDSHIPS. The Little Preface' falls into the same absurdity here, as in the interpretation of ode 6, and says we have in the piece a description of the better morals of a past age, by way of contrast to the lascivious indulgences which characterized the domestic life of Ching when it was written. The first ode of next book is something akin to this; but the parties there are a marquis and marchioness of Ts'e, while here we have simply an officer (not 知雜知 莫老。飲子弋鳴將 與子 子宜之 與 翺 鳫 翔。 與 之。之。之。 御。偕 Bestir yourself, and move about, To shoot the wild ducks and geese. 2 'When your arrows and line have found them, I will dress them fitly for you. When they are dressed, we will drink [together over them], Your lute in your hands Will emit its quiet pleasant tones. 3 'When I know those whose acquaintance you wish, of high rank) of Ching and his wife; and to St. 1. The in ll, 1, 2, is evidently the verb, and not the particle. It'says.', 'dark of st. 1; the Z, to the wild ducks and geese. K'ang-shing takes it of the husband's guests, and makes the whole st. to be spoken by him, having no perception of the unity of the piece. The wife supposes that the husband's shooting is sure to be successful. The string attached to his arrows is securely fixed on his game and bright,' denotes the early dawn, when the E), which is brought first beams of light are making the darkness force, and of its meaning of the future. The St. 2. The, in II. 1, 3, is the particle; the in 11. 2, 4, must refer to the husband, the (加諸鳧雁之上), home: and then her task with it commences. will deal fitly with it;' i. e., will cook it, and serve it up with its proper accompaniments. The 3d and 4th lines express the happiness of the couple, and the affection especially of the wife; the 5th and 6th indicate more particularly the enjoyment of the husband. is not to be taken as plural, or denoting both instruments so called; but either the one of them or the other. The phrase is difficult to construe, though the meaning is obvious enough. We may refer to the definition of it in the dict. by, 'put forward,' of antiquity, was never, without some urgent reasons, to be without his lute by his side, so that it might always be at hand for his use. The quiet harmony of the lute was a common image for conjugal affection. 'to use.' The superior man, acc. to the rules St.3. While the wife was so fond of her husband, she did not wish to monopolize him; and she here indicates her sympathy with him in cultivating |