Âi, the duke of Lû, XX. 1.

Ch'ăng, the philosopher, introductory note.
Châu dynasty, XXVIII. 5.

Châu, the duke of, XVIII. 3; XIX.

Chi, a small State in which sacrifices were
maintained to the sovereigns of the Hsia
dynasty, XXVIII. 5.

Chi-li, the old duke, who received from king
Wû the title of king, XVIII. 2, 3.
Chung-ni, designation of Conf., II. 1; XXX. 1.
Confucian school, introductory note.

Hsia dynasty, XXVIII. 5.
Hûi, a disciple of Conf., VIII.

Hwa, the name of a mountain, XXVI. 9.

Mencius, introductory note.

Shun, the sovereign, VI; XVII. 1; XXX. 1.

Sung, a State in which sacrifices were main-
tained to the sovereigns of the Yin dynasty,
XXVII. 5.

Tai, the old duke, Tan-fû, who received from
king Wû the title of king, XVIII. 2, 3.
Tsze-lût, a disciple of Conf., X. 1.
Taze-sze, introductory note; concluding notes to chaps,
I; XII; XXI; XXXIII.

Wăn, the king, XVII. 4; XVIII; XX. 2; XXVI.
10; XXX. I.

Wû, the king, XVIII; XIX; XX. 2; XXX. 1.

Yang, a distinguished scholar, A.D. 1064-1085.
concluding note to chap. I.

Yao, the sovereign, XXX. 1.
Yin dynasty, XXVIII. 5.

Yo, the name of a mountain, XXVI. 9.

yi

ch'i

san

san

THE 1ST RADICAL, ―.

(1) One, sometimes = a, A., II. ii; IV.vi.
2, xviii. 2; VI. ix, xxii, et alibi, saepe. G.L.C.,
X. 14. D.M., viii, xiii. 4, xxvi. 7, 9. (2) One
and the same, D. M., xvii. 3, xx. 9. (3)
Singleness sincerity, D. M., xx. 8, 15. (4)
A unity, A., IV. xv. 1; XV. ii. 3. (5) Ad-
verbially by one effort, D.M., xx. 20. (6)
Asa verb to unite in one, A., XIV. xviii. 2.
(7)—, the One man, a designation

of the sovereign, A., XX. i. 5. G.L.C., ix. 3.
(8)
now, A., IV. xxi.

W...

HJ, partly, now...

Seven, A., II. iv. 6; XI. xxv. 5, 7, 10;
XIII. xxix; XIV. xl.

(1) Three, A., I. xi; II. ii, iv. 2; III.
ii, et alibi, saepe. D.M., xviii. 3, xx. 8, 11,
xxvii. 3, xxix. 1. (2) Adverbially = thrice,
A., V. xviii. 1; VIII. i; X. xviii. 2. Into
three parts, A., VIII. xx. 4. But,
A., I. iv, on three points. (3)

, ye, disciples, A., III xxiv; VIL
xxiii; IX. xi. 3; XI. x. 3; XVII. iv. 4.
(4), three kings; i. e. the foun-
ders of the three great dynasties, D.M.,

xxix. 3. (5), the name of a tower,

A., III. xxii. 2. (6), A., XVIII.
ix. 2- the band-master at the third meal.

The 4th tone. Thrice, A., V. xix; XI.
v; XVIII. ii.

(1) He, she, it, this, that, which is
shang above, with the corresponding plurals,
A., I. ii. 1; III. xxvi, et saepius. G.L.C.,

X. 1, 2, 21. D.M,, xiv. 3, et al. (2) Ad.

verbially upwards, A., XIV. xxiv, xxxvii.

2 (in these instances some tone it in and

...

tone). D.M., xviii. 3, xxx. I. (3) Œ......
E, above... in or on the above of...,

A., VI. vii; IX. xvi. D.M., xvi. 3. (4)

ET, above, below, in opposition, ap-

plied to heaven and earth, A., VII, xxxiv.
VOL. I.

且

ch'ieh

世

shih

Anciently, in the 3rd tone. (1) He,

she, it, this, that, which is below, with the
corresponding plurals; both positive and
superlative, A., IX. iii. a; X. ii. 1; XVI.
ix. G.L.C., x. 2, 21. D.M., xiv. 3, xix. 4,

XX. 6, 17, xxix. 2. (2) ET,

, see on

上
(3) or ... T, under, in or on the

beneath of..., A., XII. xxi. 1; XVI. xii.
I. (4), the world, the kingdom,
A., III. xi, xxiv; IV. x, et al. G.LT., 4
5. G.L.c., viii. 1, ix. 4, X. 1, 4. D.M., i.
4, X. I, et al. (5) Occurs in the proper

name

TE, A., XV. xiii; XVIIL

ii, viii. 1, 3.

A verb, in the 4th tone.

A., III. vii; V. xiv, et al.

downwards, A., VI. xix.

(1) To descend,

(2),

(3) TA,

to humble one's self to others, A., XII.

XX. 5.

★, an old man, A., XVIII. viL 1.

Not, passim. The simplest negative.

Moreover, and moreover, A., II. iii. 2;
VI. iv; VII. xv; VIII. xi, xiii. 3; IX,
xi. 3; XI. xxv. 4; XVI. i. 4; XVIII. vi.
3. D.M., xv. 2, xxvii. 7.

(1) An age, a generation, A., II. xxiii.

I, 2; VI. xiv; XIII. xii; XVI. i. 8, ii. 1,

iii. D.M., xi. 1, xxviii. 1, xxix. 3, 4

(2) To all ages, D.M., xxix. 5. (3)

-after death, A., XV. xix. G.L.C.,
iii. 5. This phrase is commonly explained

丘

ch'iu

兼

by 終身 as long as men live, or to
the end of the world.' (4), inter-
rupted generations, i. e. families whose
line of succession has been broken, A.,
XX. i. 7. D.M., xx. 14. (5) The world,
A., XIV. xxxix. 1; XVIII. vi. 3. G.Lo.,
as a proper name,

xi. 3. (6) 世叔,

A., XIV. ix.

(1) A hillock, A., XIX. xxiv. (2) The
name of Confucius. Used by himself,

A., V. xxvii; VII. xxiii, xxx. 3, xxxiv, et
a. D.M., xiii. 4. Applied to him con-
temptuously, A., XIV. xxxiv. 1; XVIII.
vi. 2, 3. (3) Part of a double name, A.,
γ. Σχίν.

Properly written. Together, along.

ping side, A., XIV. xlvii. 2; XIX. xvi. G.L.C.,
x. 23. D.M., XXX. 3.

THE 2ND RADICAL,

个一个人,

one man, G.L.C., X. 14.

chung, in, in the midst of, A., II. xviii. a;

V. i. 1; VII. xv ; X. xvii. a; XV. xxxi ;
XVI. i. 4, 7. (2) = the heart, G.L.c., vi. a.
(3) The Mean, A., VI. xxvii; XX. i. 1.
D.M., i. 4, 5, ii. 1, 2, et passim. (4),
the Middle Kingdom, China, G.L.C., I. 15.
D.M., xxxi. 4. (5), midway,
halfway, A., VI. x. (6), mediocre
men, A., Vi. xix. (7), to stand
in the middle of the gateway, A., X. iv.
2 (8), to walk in the Mean, to
act entirely right, A., XIII. xxi. Comp.
D.M., xxxi.
a placo, A., XVII. vii. 2.

I. (9) 中牟, the name of

The 4th tone. To hit the mark; hitting

the mark; exact, A., XI. xiii. 3; xviii.

a; XIII. iii. 6; XVIII. viii. 3, 4. G.L.C.,
ix. a. D.M., i. 4; xx. 18.

THE 3RD RADICAL,

(1) To count as chief or principal, A.,
I. viii. a; III. xvi; IX. xxiv; XII. x.

(2) A master, president, A., XVI. i. 4.
THE 4TH RADICAL, ).

To be.

7...or i, is it

not...? A., VI. i. 3; XIV. xxxiv. 1 ; XVI.
i.3.

Long, for a long time, A., III. xxiv;

IV. ii, et al. D.M., iii; xxvi. 2, 4, 5, 8.
After a long time, A., V. xvi.

(1) A particle of interrogation. Found

alone; preceded by another interrogative
particle; preceded by, A., I. i, iv;
II. vii, viii, xvii; VI. xxviii; VII. xiv. 1,
a, et al., saepe. G.L.c., iii. 2. (2) A particle

of exclamation, A., VI. vi; VIIL zvi
xix. 1, 2; IX. XX, et al. D.M., xvi. 3, xxvä
2. Followed by giving emphasis, A.

III. xiv ; VII.'xxix, et al. Preceded by

A., XII. xxii. 5; XIV. xlii. 1, 2. 3
Partly interrogatory, partly exclamatory,

In this usage it is sometimes preceded by

必也; it is often preceded by 其; and

by

immediately before it, A., IL mi

2; III. vii, xi; IV. vi. a; V.xviii. 1, 2, de,
saepe. G.L.c., iv. 1, vi. 3. D.M., iii, xv.
xvi. 1, xviii. 1, xix. 1, et al. (4) As a pre-
position, after verbs and adjectives, = is,
to, &c., A., I. x. a; II. xvi; VIIL iv. 3;
XVIII. x, et al., saepe. G.Lc., ix. 4, x. 6.
D.M., i. 2, vii, xiv. 1, 2, 5, et al, saepe
(5) Than, in comparison, A., XL. xxv. 2;

XVII. xxii. D.M., i. 4, ‡..... ¥. (6)
H, how, A., IV. v. 2. (7) Observe
焉爾乎, a, VL zii; and 其庶

, XI. xviii. 1.

The rst tone. Joined with()
An exclamation, D.M., xxvi. 10.

(1) Of, A., L. ii. a, v, xì. 1, et passim.
G.L.T., 1, 4. G.Lc., iii. 4, et passim. D.M.,
ii. a, viii, et passim. In the construct state,

the regent follows theŹ, and the regi

men precedes. They may be respectively
a noun, a phrase, or a larger clause. (2)
Him, her, it, them, A., L. vii; XIV. xviii.
I, xix. a, et passim. So in G.L. and D.X.
(3) It is often difficult to find the ante-
cedent to, and it seems merely to
give an active, substantive force to the
verb, A., II. xiii; III. xxiii ; XV. ii. 3;
XVII. ix. 6, et saepe. D.M., xx. 18, 19, 20,

et al. (4)

as in (2), but

Z, G.Lc., viii 2, x 14,
and 無之

are

more like our use of impersonal verbs,

G.L.c., ix. 1. A., IV. vi. 3. (5) Where

之

comes in a sentence with, it is

generally transposed, G.L.T., 7. A., IV.

vi. 3, et al.

So莫之知避,D.M,

vii, et al. All negative adverbs seem to
exert this attractive force. (6)

it is called, D.M., i. 1. G.Lc., vi. 1. A.,
XVI. xii. 2, et al.

and comes under (a).

XIX. xxiii. 2.

is different,
So,, A,

(7) Observe the idiom in

A., VI. iii. 3; XI. vii. 1, 2, XXV. 12;
XVIII. i. I. (Wang Yin-chih explains

these cases by takingŹas-) (8)

,how, A., III. xix; XI. xxi,

et al. (9), died with, or for, him,
A., XIV. xvii. I. (10), A,

乘

shăng

XIV. xlii. 3. (11) 2-, in regard

to, G.L.c., viii. 1; but this is doubtful.
(12), this, G.L.c., ix. 6. (13) As
a verb. To go, or come, to, A., V. xviii. 2;
XIII. xix, et al. (I do not think that Wang

Yin-chih gives this meaning of Z.) (14)

Part of a man's name, A., VI. xiii.

To mount, to ride; spoken of horses,
carriages, boats, A., V. vi; VI. iii. 2;
XV. X. 3, XXV.

九也"

A., IX. xiii. 1. 九經 the nine standard

rules of government, D.M., xx. 12, 15.

The 1st tone. To collect, A., XIV.
xvii. 2.

To beg, A., V. xxiii.

(1) A particle used at the end of
sentences. Sometimes it might be dis-
pensed with, and at others it is felt to be
necessary, not only to the euphony and
strength of the style, but also to give clear-
ness and definiteness to the meaning, A.,
I. ii. 1, X. 1; X. i, ii. 1, 2, iii. 1, 2, 3, 4,
5, et passim. So also in G.L. and D.M.
It closes also the different clauses in a
long predicate, where we might use the
semicolon in Englisli, D.M., xx. 8, et al.
(a) It is used after proper names, after
some adverbs, and after a clause, in the
first member of a sentence, and may be
construed as = as to, the Latin quoad. A.,
I. X. 1, 2, XV. 3; X. 2; XI. xii. 1, xiv. 2,
xv, xvi. 1, xvii. 1, 2, 3, 4, et passim. So,
in G.L. and D.M. In these cases it is
followed at the end of the sentence by

another particle,—itself,,, F.
(3) As correlate of, in explanation
of terms, G.L.c., iii. 4, vi. 1, x. 7.

D.M.

xxv. A., III. viii. 3; XII. xvii., et al., saepe.

(4) At the end of sentences, we find

也, sometimes preceded by 者,

times not. In these cases

some-

may often

be explained as imparting a participial or

adjective power to other characters, but
not so always, A., V. xxvi; VI. ii; VII.
xix; et saepe. So, in G.L. and D.M. (5)
in the first member of a sentence,

resuming a previous word, and followed
by an explanation or account of it, A.,
I. ii. 2. D.M., i. 2, 4, et al., saepe. (6)
=, interrogative, A., II. xxiii. 1;

V. xvii; VI. xxiv. (7) As a final, it
appears often followed by other par-

ticles,一也與;也已;也已矣;
也夫也哉

(1) To confound; unregulated; con.
fusion, insurrection, A., VII. xx ; VIIL
ii, x, xiii. 2; X. viii. 4; XV. xxvi; XVII.

viii. 3, xviii, xxiii; XVIII. vü. 5. 1
EL, to raise confusion, or insurrection,
A., I. ii. 1. G.L.T., 7. G.L.C., ix. 3.
D.M., xx. 14. (2) To put in order; able
to govern, A., VIII. xx. 2. (3) The
name of a certain part in a musical
service, A., VIII. xv.

THE 6TH RADICAL, ]

(1) I, me, my, A., IIL viii. 3; VL
xxvi; VII. xxii, et al. D.M., vii, xxxiii.
6. (2) Name of a disciple of Confucius,
A., V. ix. 1, 2; XVII. xxi. 6.

(1) An affair, affairs; business, A., I. v,
xiv; III. viii. a, xv ; XV. i. 1, et al., saepe.
G.L.T., 3. G.L.c., ix. 3, x. 21. D.M.,
xix. 2; xx. 16., having trouble-
some affairs, A., II. viii. Having an

從事,to

affair with, A., XVI. i. a., to
pursue business, A., VIII. v; XVII. i. 2.
, to manage business, A., XIII.

xix. (2) Labours; the results of labour,
A., XII. xxi. 3; XV. ix; XIX. vii. D.M.,
XX. 14. (3) To serve, A., IX. xv. D.M.,
xix. 5, el passim. (4) f

probably, what diffi
culty has he in practising benevolence?
so that it may be classed under (1), A.,
VI. xxviii. 1.

THE 7TH RADICAL, —.

(1) Two, A., III. xiv ; XII. vii. 3, ix.
3, et al. (2), see = (3)

In, on, to, from, A., II iv. 1, xxi. 2;
XX. i. 3, et al. G.L.c., iii. 2, et al. D.M.,
xvii. 4, et al.

(1) Says, saying, generally in quota.
tions, A., II. xxi. 2; IX. vi.
уйп
; XIV.
4;
xliii. 1 ; XIX. iii; xxiii. 4., often
in G.L. and D.M. Observe A., XVII. vi.
(a) Closing a sentence, and apparently =

so, A., VII. xviii. 2, xxxiii. It is gener
ally followed by such particles as

爾已矣

爾

t

wang

t

гой

(1) The dead, D.M., xix. 5, xx. 2. (2) zăn
To perish, to go to ruin, D.M., xxiv,

xxxiii. 1. (3) To cause to perish, A., VI.

viii. (4) Not at home, A., XVII. i. 1.

tɅ, a fugitive, G.L.c., x. 13.

Used as E, not having, being with-
out, A., III. v; VI. ii; VII. xxv. 3; XI.
vi; XII. v. 1; XV. xxv; XVII. xvi. 1 ;

XIX. ii, v.

享

hsiang

人

Also; even then, A., L xii. 2, xiii; III.
xxii. 3.; V. xi, xxiv, et saepe. G.L.C., x.

tá

仞

jén or
zăn

10, 14, 23. D.M., xii. 2, et al.... t

, is it not? But the meaning of also

may often be brought out, A., I. i. 1, 2, 3;
XX. ii. a, et al.

To offer, present, A., X. v. 2.

THE 9TH RADICAL, Ʌ.

(1) A man, other men, man, = humanity,

jén or A., I. i. 3, iv, v, x. 2, et passim. So, in
G.L. and D.M. (2) As opposed to,

zăn

meaning officers. D.M., xvii. 4. A., XI.

xxiv. 3. (3), playing the man,
the style of man, A., L. ii; VIII. xix. 1

(為君) Observe人君人必人
子人臣, G.La, iii. 3 (4) 小人,
the mean man, opposed to #, passim.

(5), the Sage, A., VII. xxv; XVI.

viii. 1, 2; XIX. xii. a. D.M., xli. 2, xvii.
1, xx, 18, xxvii. 1, xxix. 3, 4. (6) B
A, disciples, A., IV. xv. 2; VII. xxviii.
1, et al. (7), all the people, the
masses, A., XVI. ii. 3. G.L.T., 6. D.M.,
xviii. 3. (8), the good man, A.,
VII. XXV. 2, et al. (9)

plete man, A., XIV, xiii.
a woman, A., VIII. xx. 3.

manager of foreign intercourse, A., XIV.
ix.

Is found passim. (1) Benevolence. (2)
Perfect virtue.

(1) Now; the present, modern, time,
saepe. (2) Used logically, by way of in-

ference, A., XI. xxiii. 4; XVI. i. 8, 12
D.M., xxvi. 9.

According as, A., XI. xiii. 2.

(1) To order, A., XIII. vi; XX. ii. 3.
G.L.o., ix. 4. (a) Excellent, D.M., xvii.
4. (3) Specious, insinuating, A., I. iii;

V. xxiv. (4), designation of the
chief minister of Ch'û, A., V. xviii. 1.

(1) To do, A., II. x. I. Rarely found
in this sense. ?A., XI. xxv. 3. (a) By,
with, according to, and perhaps other
English prepositions, G.L.c., ix. 4. D.M.,

xviii. 3, xx. 4. A., I. v; IL i, iii. 1, 2, v.

3, et passim. To this belong

to be, to consider, to be considered.
Examples occur passim. We may refer
to it the use of sometimes at the
beginning of a sentence, considering,
take it that. (4), To, so as to, G.LT., 6.
G.L.C., I. 18. D.M., x. 3, xxvii. 6, 7;
xxix. 3, 4, 6. A., II. ii, ix; III xxiii;
VII. 1, 2, et passim. Sometimes we might
translate in these cases by-and thereby. But

as

not so in such cases a 以至以上
T, &c. (5) It is often found after
J., may, may be. (6) To use,

to be used, A., III xxi ; X xvi. a ; XIII.
xiv; XVIII. x. (7) The following in-