Leaving Mesa Verde: Peril and Change in the Thirteenth-Century SouthwestUniversity of Arizona Press, 15 בנוב׳ 2013 - 456 עמודים It is one of the great mysteries in the archaeology of the Americas: the depopulation of the northern Southwest in the late thirteenth-century AD. Considering the numbers of people affected, the distances moved, the permanence of the departures, the severity of the surrounding conditions, and the human suffering and culture change that accompanied them, the abrupt conclusion to the farming way of life in this region is one of the greatest disruptions in recorded history. Much new paleoenvironmental data, and a great deal of archaeological survey and excavation, permit the fifteen scientists represented here much greater precision in determining the timing of the depopulation, the number of people affected, and the ways in which northern Pueblo peoples coped—and failed to cope—with the rapidly changing environmental and demographic conditions they encountered throughout the 1200s. In addition, some of the scientists in this volume use models to provide insights into the processes behind the patterns they find, helping to narrow the range of plausible explanations. What emerges from these investigations is a highly pertinent story of conflict and disruption as a result of climate change, environmental degradation, social rigidity, and conflict. Taken as a whole, these contributions recognize this era as having witnessed a competition between differing social and economic organizations, in which selective migration was considerably hastened by severe climatic, environmental, and social upheaval. Moreover, the chapters show that it is at least as true that emigration led to the collapse of the northern Southwest as it is that collapse led to emigration. |
תוכן
| 1 | |
A Macroregional Perspective | 34 |
3 TreeRing Dates and Demographic Change in the Southern Colorado Plateau and Rio Grande Regions | 53 |
4 The Climate of the Depopulation of the Northern Southwest | 75 |
5 A New Paleoproductivity Reconstruction for Southwestern Colorado and Its Implications for Understanding ThirteenthCentury Depopulation | 102 |
6 The End of Farming in the Northern Periphery of the Southwest | 128 |
7 The Impact of LongTerm Residential Occupation of Community Centers on Local Plant and Animal Resources | 156 |
8 Catalysts of the ThirteenthCentury Depopulation of Sand Canyon Pueblo and the Central Mesa Verde Region | 180 |
10 Evidence of a Mesa Verde Homeland for the Tewa Pueblos | 222 |
The Central Mesa Verde Archaeological Complex | 262 |
A Northern Rio Grande Perspective on Depopulation Migration and DonationSide Models | 285 |
13 The Environmental Demographic and Behavioral Context of the ThirteenthCentury Depopulation of the Northern Southwest | 324 |
14 Advances in Understanding the ThirteenthCentury Depopulation of the Northern Southwest | 346 |
| 365 | |
About the Contributors | 421 |
| 429 | |
9 The Social and Cultural Contexts of the Central Mesa Verde Region during the ThirteenthCentury Migrations | 200 |
מהדורות אחרות - הצג הכל
מונחים וביטויים נפוצים
aggregation agricultural Amerind Foundation Ancestral Pueblo architecture Arizona assemblages Black-on-white Boyer Canyon Archaeological Center Castle Rock central Mesa Verde ceramic Chaco chapter climate Colorado Cordell Crow Canyon Archaeological cultural Dean demographic drought Duff emigration environmental estimates evidence factors farming Fremont Galisteo Glowacki groups Hohokam households immigrants indicate Kayenta kivas Kohler Kuckelman late Lekson located maize McElmo Mesa Verde area Mesa Verde Proper Mesa Verde region Mesa Verdean Mexico migration northern Rio northern Rio Grande northern San Juan northern Southwest occupation Pajarito Plateau patterns period pit structures pollen population movement pottery precipitation radiocarbon radiocarbon dates reconstruction Rio Grande region samples San Juan basin San Juan region Sand Canyon Pueblo Santa Fe settlement Shields Pueblo social southern southwestern study area subregion suggest Taos temperature Tewa language thirteenth century tion Tiwa tree-ring dates turkey Utah variability Varien Virgin region