lector of tax, 711-2.

Buddha, 255.

Buddhism, 44. 718, 729; compared
with Confucianism, 191-2;
compared with Christianity,
728.

Buddhist, Confucius'

influence

upon, 287; church, 430; as
idler, 721.
Budget, two divisions, 552-3; mak-
ing of, 608-12; of 2462 A. K.,
659, 687, 706, 709.
Buildings, absence of, 119; of later
ages, 120, 125; comparison be-
tween China and Europe, 131-
2, 726-7; no repair in bad
year, 143; no construction in
bad year, 204; extravagance
of, 245-6; Confucius' house,
256; of Hsuan Wang, 257; de-
scription of, 257-9; Brilliant
Hall, 259; height of, 261-2.
Bushel or hu, 421.
Business taxes, 691-4, 713.
Caesar, 320.

Canals, Han Canal, 419; Imperial
Canal, 419-20; Tung-chi Canal,
419; Yung-chi Canal, 419-20;
Southern Canal, 420; transpor-
tation of rice, 644-6.
Canon of Changes, 12, 25-7, 46, 59;
principle of, 122-3; etc.
Canon of History, 8, 11-2, 20, 24-5,
46, 63, 73, 77, 244-5, etc.
Canon of Music, 8, 11-2, 25, 226.
Canon of Poetry, 8, 11-2, 24, 64, 66,
77, 81, 90, 95, 149, 152, 153,
154, 156, 238, 249, 257, 393-5,
630-2, etc.

Cantillon, 490.
Canton, 483, 566, 601, 687, 689, 700.
Capital, 294, 355-62; importance of,
177; industrial, 318; the word,
355-7; as important as labor,
405; accumulation, 180, 457;
grain as, 580-2.

Capitalist, Chinese view toward,
700-1, 722.

Carriages, tax on, 692-3.

money, 433, 434, 442.
Chao Sh'i, 328.

Chao the Great, 210.
Chao Tso, 304-5, 312, 360, 382-3,
395-7.
Charity, foolish generosity and un-
wise alms not approved by
Mencius, 103-4; private, 600-1.
Chê Tsung, of Sung, 592.
Chekiang, 657.

Chemistry, agricultural, 388.
Chen, state of, II; a noble family
of Chi, 582; dynasty of, 684.
711.

Chen Hsiang, 426, 485-6.
Chen Huan, 356.
Chen Tsin, 104.

Chên Tsung, of Sung, 572.
Chêng, state of, tunes of, 74, 218,

226; development of the tunes
of, 225; knife of, 404; com-
mercial state, 218; commercial
and democratic state, 455-6.
Cheng Chung, 432, 454.
Chống Hsuan, 35-6, 474, 581, 630-I.
Ch'êng, duke of Lu, 661.
Cheng-feng, 65.

Ch'êng Tang, one of the Three
Kings, 6, 19, 29, 78, 360, 610.
Chêng Ti, of Han, 507.
Chêng Tsu, of Ming, 656.
Ch'êng Wang, of Chou, 6, 19, 610;
mother of. 137.
Chêng Yi, 148.
Chênkiang, 420.
Chênt'ao, 566.

Chi, state of, 28.
Chi-chi, 65.

Chi Jan, economic theory of, 457.
Chi-sun, 110, 465, 627.

Ch'i, state of, 8, 9, 43; chief state
for industry and commerce,
128-9; 573, 695, 701.

Chia, group of ten families, 583-4-
Chia K'uei, 389-90, 429.

Chia Ts'ing, 593.

Chin Shih, 92.

Ch'in, state of, 43, 308, 404, 506, 649;
dynasty of, 34, 43, 46, 130, 174,
299-300, 376, 430, 459, 470, 596,
664, 684, 722, 726.
China, history before Confucius'
time, 4; in Confucius' time, 17;
national spirit of, 212-3; na-
tional expansion of, 557-8.
Ching, duke of Ch'i, 113.
Ching, prince of Wei, 207-8.
Ching chi, 48-9.

Ching Chiang, 348.

Ching Ti, of Han, 360, 397, 440.
Ch'iu, a surname, 409.

Ch'iu, personal name of Confucius,

7.

Chịu Chân, 573.

Chou, last emperor of the Yin

dynasty, 62; the strongest ex-
ample of extravagance, 246.
Chou, Duke of, 4, 6, 19, 35, 128,

285, 353, 393, 415, 587, 610, 627.
Chou dynasty, 4; Eastern Chou

line, 5; 15, 29, 74; beginning
of, 128-9, 336; foundation of,
393-5; industry of, 401-3; 428-
9, 430. 432, 481-2, 499-501, 582,
587, 588, 621-2, 630, 662-4, 677,
691-2, 702, 711, 727.
Chou Tun-yi, 186.
Christianity, compared with Con-

fucianism, 61, 86, 159-60, 192-
4, 727-8; could not be state re-
ligion of China, 727-30.
Christians, Chinese, 728.
Chu, 421, 432.

Chu Hsi, 45, 526, 577, 552-5.
Chu-ko Liang, 416.

Chu Tsing, 537.

Ch'u, state of, 10, 11, 43, 308, 390,

429.

Ch'üan Wan-chi, 705.
Chuang-lieh Ti, of Ming, 657.
Chuang Tzu, 29, 282.
Chung-kung, 46.

Chung-mou, name of city, 8.

Chung-tu, name of city, 8.
Chung-tzi, 65, 466.

Church, no taxing power, 648.
Civil-service competitive examina-
tions, 90, 719.
Clan system, 167.
Clark, J. B., 181.

Code of Po," 24-5.
Commerce, functions of, 73; re-
ferred to by Confucius, 74-5;
resort of the poor, 178; ch.
XXIII; importance of, 411-3;
compared with agriculture,
413; commercial regulations,
445-9; theory of, 553-4.
Communication, 414.
Communistic idea, 466-7.
Competition, should not be abso-
lutely free, 168-170; not very
sharp in China, 175; results of
free, 178, 179.

Confucianism, 4, 31, 32; influence

of, 36-7; economic teachings,
37; historical movements of,
ch. IV; the word, 39; as a new
religion, 40-42; struggled with
other religions, 42-3; as a state
religion, 43; during the Han,
43-4; decline of, 44-5; from
the Sung to the Ming, 45;
renaissance of, in the present
dynasty, 45-6; summary on his-
torical movements of, 46; de-
velopment of, hampered by
the government, 47; future de-
velopment of, 47; theory of
creation, 58; highest theologi-
cal stage, 59; doctrine of trin-
ity, 60; freedom of thought,
61; freedom of belief, 84-5;
no conflict with science, 85-6;
no conflict with politics, 86-7;
key to the ethical teachings of.
117-8; as a religion of the
economic world, 127; final aim
of, 136; cosmopolitanism, 141;
golden mean, 175; more hu-
man than any other religion.
186; compared with Buddhism.
161-2; compared with Chris-
tianity, 61, 159-60, 192-4, 727-
8; first step to, 208-9; a great
philosophy, 557; as a check to

economic progress, 718; not
truly followed by China, 720;
as the best religion, 726.
Confucians, compared with the
priests and ministers of Chris-
tianity, 39; divided into eight
branches, 43; common point
of economic theory of, 179;
in a poor condition, 209-10.
Confucius, life of, ch. I; time of,
4-6; birthplace of, 6; ances-
tors of, 6; birthday of, 7; as
a teacher, 7-8; visit to the im-
perial capital, 7-8; went to
Ch'i, 8; prepared the Canons,
8; considered accepting the
invitations of the rebels, 8;
political career of, 8-9; travels
of, 9-11; relation of, with God,
10-11; teachings of, 12; pupils
and followers of, 12; death of,
12; worship of, 13; descen-
dants of, 13; as a founder of
a great religion, 13-4; funda-
mental concepts of, ch. II;
writings of, II-2, 23-30;
methods of, 27-8; character of
his writings, 28-30; claims of,
30; influence of, 36-7; not pri-
marily an economist, 37; a re-
ligious reformer, 40-42; strug-
gling for the captured game,
106; wishes of, 144-5, 600; as
an evolutionist, 168; system of,
189-90; in a poor condition,
213-4; taste and work of, on
music, 216-8; food of, 251;
dress of, 253-4; house of, 256;
standard of living of, 263-4;
a good worker, 373, etc.
Conscience, 102-3.
Constantly normal granary, sys-
tem of, 561, 571-7, 589.
Consumption, social control of,

196-200; relation to distribu-
tion, 196, 199; relation to pro-
duction, 182, 199-200; financial
control of, 200-2; according to
times, 202-5; according to
places, 205-6; of rich and poor,
ch. XIII; conclusion on, 717-8;
socialistic, 724.

Contentment with means pos-
sessed, 207-8.
Co-operative production, 504.
Copyright, 537.

Corea, 726.

Corporation, 454-5, 696.
Creation, 58-9.

Creatures, conservation of, 345-6.
Credit, 587-8, 589.
Crop, effect in consumption, 204-5;
two-crop system, 388-9; effect
in public labor, 663-4.
Cultivation, by pairs, 387-8; with
ox or cow, 388; extensive and
intensive, 389-391.

Customs duties, 454, 683-4, 713;

on internal trade, 684-7; on
imports, 687-91; duty-free
goods, 690; on transit, 690;
on exports, 691.
Dance, two kinds of, 223; origin

of Chinese drama, 224; rela-
tion to singing, 224; not taken
by women, 225; taken by man
and woman, 225.

Dead, having no knowledge, 279.
Demand and supply, 423-5, 457;
government control of, ch.
XXIX.
Democracy, 62, 73, 77-9, 88, 92-3,
152; taking people for the par-
ticipation of pleasure of a
ruler, 238-9; industrial, 406;
covenant between ruler and
merchants, 455; banishment of
the emperor by the people,
534; Confucius' policy, 544; re-
sponsible ministry, 610; people
as tax-controllers, 622-3.
Diminishing returns, 347, 391-2,
706, 717.

Diplomacy, School of, 42; of Tzu-
ch'an, 455-6.

Distribution, a function of the

state, 171; unequal, 174; com-
paratively equal in China, 175,
723; under free competition,
178-9; relation to production,
181; relation to consumption,
196; Confucius' view, 310;
general principles of, 460-8;
according to equality, 460-5;
class struggle, 462-3; psycholo-
gical view, 463-4; international
view, 464-5; according to pro-
ductivity, 465-6; according to
need, 466-8; law of Heaven,
547; socialistic, chs, XXVI-
XXXI, 724.

com-

Ethics, to economics, 49-50, ch.
VIII; compared with law, 81-
2; economics as the basis of,
94-7; harmony with economics,
97-101; choice between eco-
nomic life and ethical life.
IOI-3; economic progress and
moral perfection, 136;
bined with economics, 189-90;
self-control of wants, 195-6;
happiness of the poor, 208-15;
checked production, 718;
highest moral standard, 726.
Europe, 92, 130-2, 320-1.
Evolution, doctrine of, 26,

168-170.

122-3,

"Evolution of Civilization" ("Li
Yün "), 59. 119-20, etc.
Exchange, a part of production,
181; included in the term com-
merce, 411; system of Ex-
changes, 565-7. 592-3.
Excise taxes. 696-711, 713; gen-
eral, 696-700; not in harmony
with Confucius' principles,
696-7; special, 700-711; theory
of Li Yü, 708.
Exemption, of taxes, 632-3. 634.
662, 674, 680, 688-9, 721.
Expenditures, general standard of,

ch. XV; particular, ch. XVI;
according to income, 610-1.
Explanation of Mao's Commentary

of the Canon of Poetry (Shih
Mao Shih Chuan Shu), 356.
Extreme North, a Utopian state, 72.
Extreme Peace Stage, 135-6.
Factories, development in Yin.

400-1; in Chou, 401-2; in all
the four dynasties, 402-3; gov-
ernment, 407-8.
Faculty theory, 579-80, 623-4.
634, 642, 651, 653. 653-5.
Family, 18-20, 70-72; the smallest
economic organization, 145-
167; the term, 146, 502; happy
life of, 146; Chinese type,
163-7; of the virtuous men,
212; perpetuation of, 328-9;
monopoly of, 539.

Famine, 436-8, 448, 454. 570, 578,
697.

Fan Ch'ih or Fan Hsü, 375, 384.
Fan Li, 457-8, 459, 568.

Fang, name of city, 6.

Farmers, being students at the same
time, 90; in the end of the
Chou dynasty, 268; as the
second group of people, 367;
in the beginning of the Han
dynasty, 396-7; conditions of,
573-4; government loans to,
586.
Farming-out of the commodity
tax, 698-700.

Fate, doctrine of, 106-111; defini-
tion of, 106; three kinds of.
107; three viewpoints, 107;
subject human nature to, 107-
8; passive policy, 108-9; ac-
tive policy. 109-111.
Father, no absolute power over his
son, 62.

Fei, name of city, 8.
Fênhu, name of state, its wood
for arrow, 404.
Feudalism, 5;

Essay" on, 55-6;
78, 529, 543-4, 596, 627; differ-
ences between absolute mon-
archy and, 299-300, 527, 528,
Filial piety, 19, 112; relation of
596, 678.

father and son, 155-167; great
filial piety, 156; doctrine of,
156-163, 328-30; summary of
the duties of a son, 156-7; of
the common people, 157; sup-
port of parents, 158-163; five
unfilial things, 158-9; parents
and wife, 159-60; filial daugh-
ter, 161; love for trees and
animals, 193; of the poor, 201:
service of parents, 265; return
to the parents, 329-330; of the
feudal princes. 361.

First Emperor of the Ch'in dynasty,
43, 459, 506-7.
Fishery, tax on, 695.
Five Barbarians, disturbances of
the, 378.

Five blessings, 170-2.
Five Canons, 25, 27, 31, 719.

Five chu," name of coin, 431.
Five colors, 190.

Five Dynasties, 45, 659, 670, 685.
704, 707.

Five elements, 340-1.

Five equalizations, 554-5, 558, 589.
Five grains, 382, 503.

Five moral constants, 19-20.
Five notes, 190.