War and Morality

action aggressive American Anscombe argue argument army Article attack authority behavior believe brutality Catholic Charter Christian cities civil population civilian population claim committed common plan condemned crimes against humanity criminal death of innocent defend destruction discuss distinction doctrine of self-defense double effect duty Elizabeth Anscombe enemy estimate Ethics evangelical counsels example fact fighting Germany guerrillas Hague Convention immoral individual innocent civilians innocent persons intention international law jus in bello justified killing Land Warfare large number laws of war least limits means meet violence merely military necessity millions modern murder nations Nazi non-combatants nuclear weapons obligations obliteration bombing one's pacifism pacifist peace philosophical position possible present problem punishment question rational persuasion reason relevant responsibility rules self-defense soldiers Spaight superior orders suppose target thing total war treaty Tribunal unjust violation violence with force waging war crimes war of aggression wars wrong