ABBOT, archbishop of Canterbury,
character and conduct of, vol. v. p. 342.
Abelard, Peter, author of the Scholastic
System, iii. 81; he is condemned as a
heretic, 85; attacks heresies in ge.
neral, 89.

Ahgarus, story of, i. 51.

Absalom, archbishop of Lunden, in
Sweden, iii. 3.

Abul-Faraj, an eminent Syrian writer,
iii. 134.

Abyssinia, Romish missions to, v. 123,
125; vi. 249; Lutheran missions, v. 229.
Abyssinians embrace the Monophysite
doctrine, ii. 327; state of their church
at different times, iv. 219; vi. 249,
343.

Acacius, bishop of Constantinople, is-
deposed, ii. 15.

Academics, their impious notions, i. 30.
Academical institutions in Europe, iii.
135; iv. 252, 283, 323,
Acephali, a sect, ii. 74.

Adalbert, bishop of Prague, a martyr,
ii. 340.

Adamiles, tenets of, i. 209.

412.

Bohemian, an account of, iii,

Adrian, the emperor, a persecutor of the
Christians, i, 142.

I. pope, gratifies Charlemagne
with the right of election to the see
of Rome, ii. 219.

-

IV., arrogance of, iii. 47.

VI., good character of, iv. 55.
Eon, the eternal nature, i. 79.
Erian controversy, i. 345.
Africans, the nature of their conversion
in xv cent, examined, iii. 344; in xvii
cent. v. 37.
Agnoeta, a sect, ii. 133.

Agobard, archbishop of Lyons, account
of, ii. 263, 283.

Agricola, founder of the Antinomian
sect in Germany, iv. 275.
Albert the Great, character of, iii. 143,
213;
his system of divinity, 221,

Albigenses, or Paulician sect, ii. 522;

cruel persecution of them, iii. 245.
Alcuin, character and works of, ii. 223.
`Aldhelm, account of, ii. 162.
Alexander III. pope, confers on the car-
dinals the sole right of electing to the
pontificate, ii. 433; iii. 55; orders
schools to be erected, iii. 27; deposes
the emperor Frederic I. 48; is driven
from Rome, ibid. ; retrieves his affairs,
49;
extends the papal authority, 55.
VI. infamous character of, iii.

384; iv. 10.

-VII. conduct of, v. 23; his
bull against Jansenius, 189.

VIII. character of, v. 91.
Natalis, writes against the
popish claims, v. 133.
Alexandria, patriarch of, one of the
heads of the Christian church, i. 318;
extent of his authority in xvi cent. iv.
207.

Alfred, his taste for letters, ii. 262; the
most learned men under him, ibid.
Allatius, Leo, his works for uniting the
Greek and Romish churches, v. 218.
Almamoun, khalif of Bagdad, an emï¬
nent patron of science, ii. 259.
Almeric, an account of, iii. 140.
Alphonso, king of Leon, an eminent pa-
tron of letters, in xiii cent. iii. 133; the
fame he acquired by his astronomical
tables, ibid.

Alphonso VI., king of Naples, a zealous
promoter of learning, iii. 348.

Altenburg, conference at, iv. 291.
Alva, duke of, a cruel persecutor of the
protestants, iv. 119; cffect of his ty
ranny, ibid.

Amalric, the absurd and impious doctrine
taught by him, iii. 257.

Ambrose, bishop of Milan, his character,
i. 323; his three books on the duty of
ministers, 334.

of Camaldoli, his works, iii.

393.
America, when first visited by the Earo-

peans, iii. 344; its inhabitants con-
verted to Christianity, 345; English
and Dutch colonies there in xvi cent.
v. 35; Romish missions, 38; Protest-
ant missions, 41; the ambition of the
Jesuits in Paraguay, ibid. ; an episco-
pal church in North America, vi. 309.
Ames, William, account of, iv. 370; he
treats morality as a separate science,
v. 322.

Ammonius Saccas, founder of the new
Platonists, i. 152; attempts a coalition
of all sects with his own system, 153;
the principles of his philosophy, 154;
his moral discipline, 155; the per-
nicious effects of his philosophy to
Christianity, and hence the foundation
of the monks and mystics, 157; the
rapid progress of his sect, 231.
Amour, Guillaume de St., a strenuous
opposer of the mendicant friars, iii.
181; is banished, ibid.; his works
and great character, ibid.
Amsterdam, clergy and magistrates of,
oppose the toleration of the Menno-
nites, iv. 414.

Amyrault, Moses, account of his works,
v. 322; form of his doctrine and re-
conciliatory endeavours, 331; pro-
ceedings of the Swiss church against
him, 388.

Anabaptists, their enthusiastic, seditious,
and vile principles in xvi cent. and
punishments they undergo, iv. 93.
Anabaptists (Mennonites), their history,
iv. 379; maxim whence their pecu-
liarities arose, 383; their progress,
387;
crimes of many of them, 388;
points of doctrine maintained by the
most rational of them, ibid.; severe
punishments inflicted on them, 390.

of Munster, their seditions
madness, iv. 391; measures taken to
extirpate them, 393; plot against the
magistrates defeated, ibid.; how com-
forted by Menno, 394; origin of the
sects that started up among them, 399;
warm contest, 400; new dissensions
among them, 402; their creed, con-
fessions, and peculiar tenets, ibid.;
state of learning and philosophy
among them, 411, their settlement in
the United Provinces, 414; English,
called Baptists, with an account of
their various denominations, 415; sin-
gular sect called Davidists, 418; va-
rious fortunes of the Anabaptists in
xvii cent. v. 435; union restored
among them, 436; different sects, with
their several characters and notions,
437; external form of their church,
ibid.; three orders of ministers among
them, ibid.

Andreas, James, employed in reconciling
the Lutheran divines, iv. 292.
Andronicus, the emperor, forbids all
controversies concerning speculative
points of theology, iii. 92.
Angelome, a monk of Lisieux, an acute,
but fantastic writer in ix cent. ii. 295.
Anglo-Saxons, oppress the Christians,
ii. 12; some few converted by Augus-
tin, 87; au universal conversion among
them in vii cent. ii. 137; the causes of
this conversion considered, ibid.
Anselm, archbishop of Canterbury, im-
proves the science of logic, ii. 419;
inventor of the famous argument a-
scribed to Des-Cartes, 420; one of the
first who composed a system of divi-
nity, 496.

of Laon, his character, iii. 69, 78.
of Havelberg, a strenuous ad-
vocate for the Latins against the
Greeks, iii. 89.

Ansgar, founder of the Cimbrian, Da-
nish, and Swedish churches, ii. 250.
Anthropomorphites, a sect in x cent. ii.

"

390.

Antichrist, ensigns of, what so called by
the Puritans, iv. 343.

Antinomians, their rise among the Luther-
ans, iv. 275; suppression by Luther,
ibid.; tenets, ibid.; English, their rise,
and pernicious tenets, v. 365; their
modern state, vi. 312.

Antioch, jurisdiction of its patriarch in
iv cent. i. 318; the extent of his
power in xvi cent. iv. 207.
Antoninus, Marcus, a persecutor of the
Christians, i. 144; his partiality to
the Stoics, and its effects upon learn-
ing, 148.

- Pius, persecution under him,

i. 143.
Antonius Paulus, endeavours to correct
the abuses among the clergy in xvii
cent. v. 278.
Antony, forms in Egypt the monks into
a body, i. 337; the rapid progress of
this order in the east, and maxims of
their philosophy which seduced the
Christians, ibid.

of Vienne, order of, ii. 483.
Apollinarian heresy, i. 377.
Apollonius Tyaneus, a knave, ând an im-
postor, i. 229.

Apostles of Christ, why limited to twelve,
i. 50; the success of their ministry, 55;
their authority and office, 85; they and
their disciples the principal writers,
95; the creed, by whom composed,
103.

a sect in xiii cent. iii. 260;
their extirpation, 261.
Apostolics, a sect in xii cent. iii. 115;
the remarkable purity of their lives,
ibid.

Aquinas, Thomas, a very powerful advo-
cate for the philosophy of Aristotle,
iii. 143; his character, 213; method
of explaining the Scriptures, 220;
orthodoxy questioned, 225; famous
sum, what, 227 ; polemic work against
the Gentiles, 228; several of his doc-
trinės opposed by John Duns Scotus,
325.

Arabian philosophers, tenets of some,
i. 274; confuted by Origen, they
abandon their erroneous sentiments,
ibid.; form schools in Spain and Italy,
in x cent. ii. 359; source of know-
lege among the Europeans, ibid. and
416; authors of divination and as-
trology in the West, ibid.

Arbricelles, Robert, founds a monastery
at Fontevraud in xii cent. iii. 62; one
singularity in his rule, 63.
Archbishops, authority of, in iv cent, i.
313.

Arianism, its rise in iv cent. i. 368; the
tenets of its author, ibid. ; its progress
before the first Nicene council, 369;
its history after that time, 312, &c. ;
various sects of it, which may be re-
duced to three classes, 376; its state
in vi cent. ii. 127; encouraged by
the Lombards in vii cent. ii. 168.
Arians, two eminent writers among them

in xvii cent. v. 449; to whom the de-
nomination of Arian is applicable,
ibid.; most eminent patrons in xviii
cent. vi. 35; bad consequences of
Arianism, 36; points of its doctrine
adopted by Mr. Whiston, and conse-
quence, ibid. ; controversy occasioned
by Dr. Clarke's opinions concerning
the Trinity, and by whom opposed,
37.
Aristotelian philosophy, admired by the
Néstorians in vi cent. ii. 98; its pro-
gress in viii cent. 196; taught by the
reformed church in xvi cent. iv. 366;
introduced into theology, and bad
consequence, 368; its state in xvii
cent. v. 69, 158, 249.
Aristotle, his notions of God and the hu-
man soul, i. 31; had many admirers
in xiii cent.-the prejudice done by
them to Christianity, iii, 129.

Arius, maintains the inferiority of the
second person of the Trinity, i. 368;
expelled from the church, 369; con
demned by the council of Nice, 370;
recalled from exile, 372; dies a mi-
serable death, 373.

Armagh, Richard of, attacks the Men-
dicants, iii. 296.

Armenia, Great and Less, Christianity
established there, i. 302.
Armenians, an account of, in xvi cent.
iv. 221; their state in xvii cent. v.
230; generous behaviour of the shah
Abbas toward them, ibid. ; the advan-
tages they received from the settlement
of a great number of Armenians in
different parts of Europe, ibid. ; state
of their church in xviii cent. vi. 247.
Arminianism, its rise and progress, in
xvii cent. v. 389.
Arminius, James, founder of the Ar
minian church, v. 325; professes pub-
licly his opinions about predestination,
grace, &c. in opposition to those of
Calvin, ibid.; two favorable circum-
stances for him, 391; by whom op-
posed, and controversy thereupon,
with his death, ibid. ; progress of his
sect, 392.

Arnauld, à patron of the Jansenists, v.
183; his dispute with Claude, con-
cerning transubstantiation, 221.
Arndt, a moral writer in xvii cent. v.
265; his good character and works,
299.

Arnobius, a defender of the Christians,
i. 244.

Arnold, of Brescia, account of him and
his sect, iii. 107.

of Villa Nova, his extensive
learning, iii. 145.

Godfrey, disturbs the Luther-
an church, v. 287; his ecclesiastical
history censured, 288.
Artemon, a sectary, i. 211.
Arts, seven, the wretched manner of

teaching them in viii cent. ii. 198.
Ascetics, their rise and principles, i. 174.
Asculanus, Ceccus, a famous philosopher
iu xiv cent. iii. 277; his fate, ibid.
Asia, Protestant missions in, v. 34;

English and Dutch colonies, 35.
Asiatic Gnostics, a sect in ii cent. i. 194.
Asinus, John Pungens, substitutes con

substantiation for transubstantiation,
in xiii cent. iii. 231.
Assemblies, the first Christian, i. 185.
Associations, religious, in Great Britain,
vi. 370.

Astesanus, his character, iii. 322, 327.
Astrology, mixed with philosophy, con
-sidered as magic in xiv cent. iii. 277.
Asylum, right of, contested, v. 138.