Ch. III. who, whom, he, she, him, her, them, is put in the fame Gender and Number as the Nouns and Pronouns.

Ex. The Beauty is dead, la beltà è morta. \. Have you feen her? I havete véduta, or vifta? The Gentleman is come, have you seen him? il Gentilbuomo è venuto, l'haveté

visto?

What, and which, in a Question are expressed by che.

What, or which, being turned by that which, governing the Verb, is cio che, or quel che; but if it relates to what goes before, they are expreffed by il che.

That which, governed by the Verb, is quel che.

Ex. Which Man, che buomo.

What News, che nuovo.
What do you? che fate?

At what do you play? à che giuocate?
What is written, is written, quel ch'è fcritto,
è fcritto.

I have heard of your Misfortune, which
afflicts me, hò fentito della vostra sventura,
il che m' affanna.

RULE

RULE VIII.

This and That, before Nouns, are expreffed, in

this wife:

This, before the Time of the Day, is to M. fia F.

That, between two Verbs, either expreffed or understood, is che.

That alone is questo; or if That begins the Difcourse, it is cio.

That, turned by who, is che; in a Question thi,
That, turned by whom, is che.

ર

Ex. This Man, or Thing, questo huomo, or, questo

qui.

This Woman, or Thing, quefta, or, questa qui.
This Morning, fra mane.

I believe I fhall go, crede ch' anderò...

Give me that, datemi questo.

That Woman that was here, and that you faw, quefta donzella ch'era, qui e che veddefte.

Questo is ufed in fhewing the Thing near at hand, quel in fhewing or speaking of a Thing at a Diftance.

RULE

RULE IX.

This, That, in Comparison, or relating to a Noun before going, are expreffed in this wife:

Ex. This Ring is better than that Ring, quefto annello è meglior di quell annello.

That time and this time are two, quel tempo e quefto fono duoi.

RULE X.

This, That, without Nouns, in Comparison, and in reference to a Noun before mentioned, are alfo thus turned:

For the ufe of colui, fee Page 32.

Ex. This is honest, (speaking of a Woman) and that is naught, questa è honefta, e quella cattiva.

This Book and that are the best, questo libro e quel fono i megliori.

RULE XI.

That, being in Comparison, or relating to another Noun before mentioned, is expreffed in this

Ex. This Picture is better than that of the other Room, quell ritratto è meglior di quel dell' altra camera.

RULE XII.

He who, he who, are expreffed by chi. Ex. He who loves me follows me, chi mi ama, mi feque.

Note. If who or that, do not immediately follow the Pronoun, but are relative thereto in the fame Sentence, He is expreffed by colui, or, egli the She by colei, or, ella che; the Plural they whom, &c. by chi, or, coloro che.

Ex. She is wife that keeps the Houfe, i. e. ftays at Home, colei è favia che fi tienne in cafa.

RULE

They, is frequently in Italian expreffed by fi, and the Verb that follows is moft commonly the third Perfon Singular, unless the Noun that follows be of the Plural Number, in, which cafe the Verb is also put in the Plural Number; and note, that this Pronoun, may be put before or after the Verb indifferently.

Ex. They fay, fi dice, or, dicefi; they speak, fi parla, or, parlafi.

They fay things, fi dicono cofe.

The Pronouns Conjunctive, mi, ti, fr, gli, ei, vi, are placed before they in Italian; but lord them is put after the Verb.

Ex. They tell me, mi fi dice; they tell them, i dice loro.

The Articles him, it, her, them, &c. are not expreffed after the Particle fi.

Ex. They lay it, fi dice, and not si lò dice.

They believe them, fi credano, and not fi credano loro.

The Verb to have, with a Participle Common coming after they, is turned by to be, and agrees with the Noun that follows.

Ex. They have taken many Ships, i fono prefe

molte navi.

They