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brother without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment: and whosoever shall say to his brother, Raca, shall be in danger

Asa (king of Judah) was wroth with the "seer" ("Hanani," who had reproved him for applying to the Syrians for aid), and put him in a prison house, for he was in a rage with him because of this thing. 2 Ch. xvi. 10. And when Haman saw that Mordecai bowed not (to him), nor did him reverence, then was Haman full of wrath. And he thought scorn to lay hands on Mordecai alone, for they had shewed him the people of Mordecai: wherefore Haman sought to destroy all the Jews that were throughout the whole kingdom of Ahasuerus, even the people of Mordecai. Es. iii. 5, 6. Cease from anger and forsake wrath; fret not thy self in any wise to do evil. Ps. xxxvii. 8. There are certain Jews (said the Chaldeans to the king), whom thou hast set over the affairs of the province of Babylon, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego; these men, O king, have not regarded thee; they serve not thy gods, nor worship the golden image which thou hast set up. Then Nebuchadnezzar in his rage and fury commanded to bring Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego; then they brought these men before the king. Da. iii. 12, 13. Then was Nebuchadnezzar full of fury, and the form of his visage was changed; therefore he spake and commanded that they should heat the furnace (into which these men were to be cast) one seven times more than it was wont to be heated. Da. iii. 19. Be ye angry, and sin not; let not the sun go down upon your wrath, neither give place to the devil. Ep. iv. 26, 27.

His brother.] See verse 23, 24. Lord, how oft shall my brother sin against me (said Peter to Jesus), and I forgive him? Till seven times? Jesus saith unto him, I say not unto thee until seven times; but until seventy times seven. So likewise (as the wicked servant, who forgave not his fellow servant, was punished) shall my heavenly Father do also unto you; if ye from your hearts forgive not every one his brother their trespasses. Mat. xviii. 21. 35. The poor shall never cease out of the land: therefore I command thee, saying, Thou shalt open thine hand wide unto thy brother, to thy poor, and to thy needy, in thy land. De. xv. 11. We after our ability (said Nehemiah) have redeemed our brethren the Jews which were sold unto the heathen; and will ye even sell your brethren ? Ne. v. 8. For thy (Esau's) violence against thy brother Jacob, shame shall cover thee, and thou shalt be cut off for ever, thou shouldest not have looked on the day of thy brother, in the day that he became a stranger. Ob. 10. 12. Be kindly affectioned one to another with brotherly love; in honour preferring one another. Ro.

xii. 10. Brother goeth to law with brother, and that before the unbelievers. 1 Co. vi. 6. This is the will of God, that no man go beyond and defraud his brother in any matter; because that the Lord is the avenger of all such, as we also have forewarned you, and testified. 1 The. iv. 6. He that saith he is in the light, and hateth his brother, is in darkness even until now. 1 John ii. 9. In this the children of God are manifest, and the children of the devil. Whosoever doeth not righteousness, is not of God, neither he that loveth not his brother. We know that we have passed from death unto life, because we love the brethren. He that loveth not his brother abideth in death. Whosoever hateth his brother, is a murderer; and ye know that no murderer hath eternal life abiding in him. 1 John iii. 10. 14, 15. If a man say I love God, and hateth his brother, he is a liar; for he that loveth not his brother whom he hath seen, how can he love God whom he hath not seen? And this commandment have we from him that he who loveth God, love his brother also. 1 John iv. 20, 21. If any man see his brother sin a sin which is not unto death, he shall ask, and he shall give him life for them that sin not unto death. There is a sin unto death. 1 John v. 16.

Without a cause.] If I have rewarded evil unto him that was at peace with me (yea, I have delivered him that without cause is mine enemy), let the enemy persecute my soul. Ps. vii. 4, 5. Let them be ashamed who transgress without a cause. Ps. xxv. 3. Let not them that are mine enemies wrongfully rejoice over me; neither let them wink with their eye that hate me without a cause. Ps. xxxv. 19. They that hate me without a cause, are more than the hairs of my head, they that would destroy me, being mine ene mies wrongfully, are mighty. Ps. lxix. 4. They compassed me about also with words of hatred, and fought against me without a cause. Ps. cix. 3. Mine enemies chased me sore, like a bird, without cause. La. iii. 52. This cometh to pass, said "Jesus" (" that the world hated his disciples"), that the word might be fulfilled that is written in their law, They hated me without a cause. John xv. 25.

Whosoever shall say to his brother, Raca, &c.] John came neither eating nor drinking, and they say, He hath a devil. The Son of man came eating and drinking, and they say, Behold, a man gluttonous, and a wine bibber, a friend of publicans and sinners. Mat. xi. 18, 19. This fellow (said the Pharisees) doth not cast out devils but by Beelzebub the prince of the devils. Mat. xii. 24. Thou son of the perverse rebellious woman (said Saul to his son Jonathan). 1 Sa. xx. 30.

of the council: but whosoever shall say, Thou fool, shall be in danger of hell-fire. Therefore if thou bring thy gift to the altar, 23

Come out, come out, thou bloody man, and thou man of Belial, said Shimei to David. 2 Sa. xvi. 7. Thou hast a devil (said the Jews to Jesus). John vii. 20. Say we not well that thou art a Samaritan, and hast a devil. John viii. 48. What will this babbler say? (said the epicureans, &c. of Paul) other some, he seemeth to be a setter forth of strange gods. Ac. xvii. 18. Nor thieves, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor extortioners, shall inherit the kingdom of God. 1 Co. vi. 10. Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamour, and evil speaking, be put away from you, with all malice. And be ye kind one to another, tender hearted, forgiving one another, even as God for Christ's sake hath forgiven you. Ep. iv. 31, 32. Be ready to every good work, to speak evil of no man, to be no brawlers, but gentle, shewing all meekness unto all men. Tit. iii. 2. (Who) when “he” (“Christ”) was reviled, reviled not again. 1 Pet. ii. 23. Be all of one mind; not rendering evil for evil, nor railing for railing, but contrariwise blessing. 1 Pe. iii. 9. Michael the archangel, when contending with the devil, he disputed about the body of Moses, durst not bring against him a railing accusation, but said, the Lord rebuke thee. Jude 9.

Raca.] How glorious was the king of Israel (said Michal to David), who uncovered himself to day (by leaping and dancing before the Lord), in the eyes of the handmaids of his servants, as one of the vain fellows shamelessly uncovereth himself. 2 Sa. vi. 20. But wilt thou know, O vain man, that faith without works is dead. Ja. ii. 20.

The council.] Beware of men (said Jesus to his disciples), for they will deliver you up to the councils, and they will scourge you in their synagogues. Mat. x. 17. Now the chief priests, and elders, and all the council, sought false witness against Jesus, to put him to death. Mat. xxvi. 59. Now the chief priests and all the council sought for witnesses against Jesus, to put him to death; but found none. Mar. xiv. 55. And straight way, in the morning, the chief priests held a consultation, with the elders, and Scribes, and the whole council, and bound Jesus, and carried him away, and delivered him to Pilate. Mar. xv. 1. Then gathered the chief priests and the Pharisees a council, and said, What do we ? For this man doeth many miracles. John xi. 47. When they (the captain and officers of the temple) had brought "them" ("the apostles"), they set them before the council. Ac. v. 27.

Fool.] The fool hath said in his heart, There is no God; they are corrupt; they have done abominable works. Ps. xiv. 1. The

fool and the brutish person perish, and leave their wealth to others. Ps. xlix. 10. A brutish man knoweth not, neither doth a fool understand this. Ps. xcii. 6. The fool rageth and is confident. Pr. xiv. 16. A fool's lips enter into contention, and his mouth calleth for strokes. Pr. xviii. 6. He that getteth riches, and not by right, shall leave them in the midst of his days, and at his end shall be a fool. Je. xvii. 11.

Hell fire.] See verse 29, 30. Fear him which is able to destroy both soul and body in hell. Mat. x. 28. If thy hand or thy foot offend thee, cut them off and cast them from thee; and if thine eye offend thee, pluck it out and cast it from thee; it is better for thee to enter into life with one eye maimed, or halt, rather than having two eyes, two hands, or two feet, to be cast into everlasting fire. Mat. xviii. 8, 9. Depart from me, ye cursed (saith the Judge to those on his left hand in the judgment), into everlasting fire, prepared for the devil and his angels. Mat. xxv. 41. See Mar. ix. 47. Fear him which, after he hath killed, hath power to cast into hell. xii. 5. In hell" "he" ("the rich man" in the parable) lifted up his eyes, being in torments, and seeth Abraham afar off, and Lazarus in his bosom, and he cried and said, Father Abraham, have mercy on me, and send Lazarus that he may dip the tip of his finger in water and cool my tongue, for I am tormented in this flame. Lu. xvi. 23, 24. Death and hell were cast into the lake of fire; this is the second death. Re. xx. 15.

Lu.

23 Thou bring thy gift to the altar.] And Jesus said unto "him" ("the leper whom he cleansed"), Shew thyself to the priest, and offer the gift that Moses commanded for a testimony unto them. Mat. viii. 4. Whether is greater, the gift (saith Jesus), or the altar that sanctifieth the gift? Mat. xxiii. 19. Three times in a year shall all thy males appear before the Lord thy God, in the place which he shall choose, in the feast of unlea vened bread, and in the feast of weeks, and in the feast of tabernacles; and they shall not appear before the Lord empty; for every man shall give as he is able, according to the bless→ ing of the Lord thy God which he hath given thee. De. xvi. 16, 17. Hath the Lord (said Samuel) as great delight in burnt-offerings and sacrifices, as in obeying the voice of the Lord? Behold, to obey is better than sacrifice, and to hearken than the fat of rams, 1 Sa. xv. 22. To what purpose is the mul titude of your sacrifices unto me? saith the Lord: I am full of the burnt-offerings of rams, and the fat of fed beasts; and I delight not in the blood of bullocks, or of lambs, or of hegoats. Bring no more vain oblations: incense

and there rememberest that thy brother hath ought against thee; 24 Leave there thy gift before the altar, and go thy way: first be 25 reconciled to thy brother, and then come and offer thy gift. Agree

is an abomination unto me; the new-moons, and sabbaths, the calling of assemblies, I cannot away with: it is iniquity. They are a trouble to me, I am weary to bear them. And when ye spread forth your hands I will hide mine eyes from you; yea, when ye make many prayers I will not hear. Your hands are full of blood; wash you, make you clean; put away the evil of your doings from before mine eyes; cease to do evil, learn to do well; seek judgment, relieve the oppressed, judge the fatherless, plead for the widow. Is. i. 10-17. I desired mercy and not sacrifice, and the knowledge of God more than burntofferings. Ho. vi. 6. I hate, I despise your feast-days, and I will not smell in your solemn assemblies. Though ye offer me burntofferings, and your meat-offerings, I will not accept them, neither will I regard the peaceofferings of your fat beasts. But let judgment run down as waters, and righteousness as a mighty stream. Am. v. 21-24.

Then

Rememberest that thy brother, &c.] spake the chief butler unto Pharaoh (after hearing Pharaoh's dreams), saying, I do remember my faults this day. Ge. xli. 9. And they (Joseph's brethren) said one to another, We are verily guilty concerning our brother, in that we saw the anguish of his soul when he besought us, and we would not hear: therefore is this distress come upon us. Spake not I unto you (said Reuben), saying, Do not sin against the child, and ye would not hear? therefore, behold, also his blood is required. Ge. xlii. 21, 22. And when Joseph's brethren saw that their father was dead, they said, Joseph will peradventure hate us, and will certainly requite us all the evil which we did unto him. And they sent a messenger unto Joseph, say ing, Thy father did command before he died, saying, So shall ye say unto Joseph, Forgive, I pray thee now, the trespass of thy brethren, and their sin, for they did unto thee evil; and now we pray thee, forgive the trespass of the servants of the God of thy father. Ge. l. 15, 16, 17. If a soul sin and commit a trespass against the Lord, then it shall be, because he hath sinned and is guilty, he shall bring his trespass offering unto the Lord. Le. vi. 2-6. The king (Solomon) said to Shimei, Thou knowest all the wickedness which thine heart is privy to, that thou didst to David my father; therefore the Lord shall return thy wickedness upon thine own head. 1 Ki. ii. 44. My soul hath "them" ("mine affliction and my misery") still in remembrance, and is humbled in me. La. iii. 20. I will establish my covenant with thee, that thou mayest remember, and be confounded, and never open thy mouth any more, because of thy shame,

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when I am pacified to thee (Israel) for all that thou hast done, saith the Lord God. xvi. 63. And Zaccheus (the Publican) stood, and said unto the Lord, Behold, Lord, the half of my goods I give to the poor; and if I have taken any thing from any man by false accusation, I restore him fourfold. Lu. xix. 8.

24 There thy gift before the altar.] If thy brother shall trespass against thee, go and tell him his fault between thee and him alone; if he shall hear thee, thou hast gained thy brother, but if he will not hear thee, then take with thee one or two more, that in the mouth of two or three witnesses every word may be established. Mat. xviii. 15, 16. Speak to the earth, and it shall teach thee; and the fishes of the sea shall declare unto thee. Jeb xii. 8. Go not forth hastily to strive, lest thou know not what to do in the end thereof. Debate thy cause with thy neighbour himself, and discover not a secret to another. Pr. xxv. 8, 9. Salt is good; but if the salt have lost his saltness, wherewith will ye season it? Have salt in yourselves, and have peace one with another. Mar. ix. 50. Recompense no man evil for evil; provide things honest in the sight of all men: if it be possible, as much as lieth in you, live peaceably with all men. Ro. xii. 17, 18. There is utterly a fault among you, because ye go to law one with another. Why do ye not rather take wrong? why do ye not rather suffer yourselves to be defrauded? Nay, ye do wrong, and defraud, and that your brethren. 1 Co. vi. 7, 8. I will therefore that men pray every where, lifting up holy hands, without wrath or doubting. 1 Ti. ii. 8. Who is a wise man, and endued with knowledge among you? Let him shew out of a good conversation his works with meekness of wisdom. But if ye have bitter envying and strife in your hearts, glory not, and lie not against the truth. wisdom descendeth not from above, but is earthly, sensual, devilish; for where envying and strife is, there is confusion, and every evil work. But the wisdom that is from above, is first pure, then peaceable, gentle, and easy to be entreated, full of mercy and good fruits, without partiality, and without hypocrisy. And the fruit of righteousness is sown in peace of them that make peace. Ja. iii. 13— 18. Confess your faults one to another, and pray one for another, that ye may be healed. Ja. v. 16. Finally, be ye all of one mind, having compassion one of another; love as brethren, be pitiful, be courteous. 1 Pe. iii. 8.

This

And then come and offer thy gift.] Woe unto you Scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye pay tithe of mint, and anise, and cummin, and have omitted the weightier matters

with thine adversary quickly, whiles thou art in the way with him; lest at any time the adversary deliver thee to the judge, and the judge deliver thee to the officer, and thou be cast into prison. Verily I say unto thee, Thou shalt by no means come out thence, 26

of the law, judgment, mercy, and faith: these ought ye to have done, and not to leave the other undone. Mat. xxiii. 23. Let a man examine himself, and so let him eat of that bread, and drink of that cup. 1 Co. xi. 28.

25 With thine adversary, &c.] And Jacob sent messengers before him to Esau his brother, unto the land of Seir, the country of Edom, and said, If Esau come to the one company, and smite it, then the other company which is left shall escape. And he lodged there that same night, and took of that which came to his hand a present for Esau his brother. And he (Jacob) rose up that night, and took his two wives, and sent them over the brook, and sent over that he had. Ge. xxxii. 3. 8. 13. 22. And he passed over before them, and bowed himself to the ground seven times, until he came near to his brother. Take, I pray thee (said Jacob to Esau), my blessing that is brought to thee. Ge. xxxiii. 3. 11. Now know and consider (said one of the young men to Abigail, Nabal's wife) what thou wilt do; for evil is determined against our master. Then Abigail made haste, and took two hundred loaves, and two bottles of wine, &c. &c. And she said unto her servants, Go before me; behold I come after you. And it was so, as she rode on the ass, that she came down by the covert of the hill; and behold, David and his men came down against her, and she met them. And when Abigail saw David, she fell before David on her face, and bowed herself to the ground. And David said to Abigail, Blessed be the Lord God of Israel, which sent thee this day to meet me: except thou hadst hasted and come to meet me, surely there had not been left unto Nabal any, &c. So David received of her hand that which she had brought him, and said unto her, Go up in peace to thine house; see I have hearkened to thy voice, and have accepted thy person. 1 Sa. xxv. 17-35. My son, if thou be surety for thy friend; if thou hast stricken thy hand with a stranger, thou art snared with the words of thy mouth. Do this now, my son, and deliver thyself, when thou art come into the hand of thy friend: go humble thyself, and make sure thy friend. Give not sleep to thine eyes, nor slumber to thine eyelids. Deliver thyself as a roe from the hand of the hunter, and as a bird from the hand of the fowler. Pr. vi. 1-5. Go not forth hastily to strive, lest thou know not what to do in the end thereof, when thy neighbour hath put thee to shame. Pr. xxv. 8. When thou goest with thine adversary to the magistrate, as thou art in the way, give diligence that

thou mayest be delivered from him, lest he hale thee to the judge, and the judge deliver thee to the officer, and the officer cast thee into prison. I tell thee thou shalt not depart thence till thou hast paid the very last mite. Lu. xii. 58, 59. What king going to war against another king, sitteth not down first, and consulteth whether he be able with ten thousand to meet him that cometh against him with twenty thousand? or else, while the other is yet a great way off, he sendeth an ambassage, and desireth conditions of peace. Lu. xiv. 31, 32.

Whiles thou art in the way, &c.] Acquaint now thyself with him (God), and be at peace; thereby good shall come unto thee. Job xxii. 21. For "this" ("forgiveness") shall every one that is godly pray unto thee, in a time when thou mayest be found: surely in the floods of waters they shall not come nigh unto him. Ps. xxxii. 6. Seek ye the Lord while he may be found; call ye upon him while he is near. Let the wicked forsake his way, and the unrighteous man his thoughts, and let him return unto the Lord, and he will have mercy upon him, and to our God, for he will abundantly pardon. Is. Iv. 6, 7. Strive to enter in at the strait gate; for many, I say unto you, will seek to enter in, and shall not be able. When once the master of the house is risen up, and hath shut to the door, and ye begin to stand without, and to knock at the door, saying, Lord, Lord, open unto us; and he shall answer and say unto you, I know you not, whence ye are. Lu. xiii. 24, 25. For he saith (in Isaiah), I have heard thee in a time accepted, and in the day of salvation have I succoured thee. Behold, now is the accepted time, now is the day of salvation. 2 Co. vi. 2. Wherefore (as the Holy Ghost saith, To-day if ye will hear his voice, harden not your hearts), exhort one another daily, while it is called to-day, lest any of you be hardened through the deceitfulness of sin. He. iii. 7. 13. Ye know how that afterward (after Esau had sold his birthright), when he would have inherited the blessing, he was rejected; for he found no place of repentance, though he sought it carefully with tears. xii. 17.

He.

And the judge deliver thee, &c.] And the king of Israel (Ahab) said, Take Micaiah and carry him back unto Amon the governor of the city, and to Joash the king's son, and say, Thus saith the king; put this fellow in the prison, and feed him with the bread of affliction, and with water of affliction, until I come in peace. 1 Ki. xxii. 26, 27.

26 Thou shalt by no means come out, &c.]

27 till thou hast paid the uttermost farthing. Ye have heard that it was said by them of old time, Thou shalt not commit 28 adultery: But I say unto you, That whosoever looketh on a woman

to lust after her hath committed adultery with her already in his 29 heart. And if thy right eye offend thee, pluck it out, and cast it

His lord was wroth, and delivered " "him" ("the servant who had not compassion on his fellow-servant") to the tormentors, till he should pay all that was due unto him. Mat. xviii. 34. Depart from me, ye cursed (saith the Judge in the last day to those on his left hand), into everlasting fire, prepared for the devil and his angels. Mat. xxv. 41. And these (on the left hand) shall go away into everlasting punishment, but the righteous into life eternal. Mat. xxv. 46. I tell thee (said Jesus to him going with his adversary to the magistrate) thou shalt not depart thence till thou hast paid the very last mite. Lu. xii. 59. Between us and you (said Abraham to the rich man in the parable) there is a great gulph fixed; so that they which would pass from hence to you cannot, neither can they pass to us that would come from thence. Lu. xvi. 26. (They that obey not the Gospel) shall be punished with everlasting destruction, from the presence of the Lord, and from the glory of his power. 2 Th. i. 9. He shall have judgment without mercy that hath shewed no mercy; and mercy rejoiceth against judgment. Ja. ii. 13.

Thou

27 Thou shalt not commit adultery.] shalt not commit adultery. Ex. xx. 14. The man that committeth adultery with another man's wife, even he that committeth adultery with his neighbour's wife, the adulterer and the adulteress shall surely be put to death; their blood shall be upon them. Le. xx. 10. Neither shalt thou commit adultery. De. v. 18. If a man be found lying with a woman married to an husband, then they shall both of them die, both the man that lay with the woman, and the woman: so shalt thou put away evil from among you. And if a damsel that is a virgin be betrothed unto an husband, and a man find her in the city and lie with her, then ye shall bring them both out unto the gate of that city, and ye shall stone them with stones that they die; the damsel because she cried not, being in the city, and the man because he hath humbled his neighbour's wife. De. xxii. 22, 23, 24, Whoso committeth adultery with a woman lacketh understanding; he that doeth it destroyeth his own soul. Pr. vi. 32.

28 I say unto you.] See verse 22, and com. When Jesus had ended these sayings (his sermon on the mount), the people were astonished at his doctrine; for he taught them as one having authority, and not as the Scribes. Mat. vii. 28, 29.

That whosoever looketh on a woman, &c.] When Shechem, the son of Hamor the Hivite,

the prince of the country, saw her (Dinak), he took her, and lay with her, and defiled her. Ge. xxxiv. 2. His master's wife cast her eyes upon Joseph, and she said, Lie with me, &c. Ge. xxxix. 7, &c. Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife. Ex. xx. 17. In an eveningtide David arose from off his bed, and walked upon the roof of the king's house, and from the roof he saw a woman washing herself; and the woman was very beautiful to look upon. 2 Sa. ii. 2. I made a covenant with mine eyes; why then should I think upon a maid? If mine heart have been deceived by a woman, or if I have laid wait at my neighbour's door, then let my wife grind unto another, and let others bow down upon her. Job xxxi. 1. 9. Lust not after her (the evil woman's) beauty in thine heart, neither let her take thee with her eyelids. Pr. vi. 25. Every man is tempted when he is drawn away of his own lust, and enticed: then when lust hath conceived it bringeth forth sin; and sin when it is finished bringeth forth death. Ja. i. 14, 15. (There are) they that count it pleasure to riot in the day time, having eyes full of adultery, and that cannot cease from sin. 2 Pe. ii. 14. For all that is in the world, the lust of the flesh, and the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life, is not of the Father, but is of the world. 1 John ii. 16.

Hath committed adultery with her, &c.] I have seen an end of all perfection: but thy commandment is exceeding broad. Ps. cxix. 96. What shall we say then? is the law sin? God forbid! I had not known lust, except the law had said, Thou shalt not covet. sin, taking occasion by the commandment, deceived me, and by it slew me: for we know that the law is spiritual, but I am carnal, sold under sin. Ro. vii. 7, 8. 14.

But

29 If thy right eye offend, &c.] If thy hand or thy foot offend thee, cut them off, and cast them from thee; it is better for thee to enter into life halt or maimed, rather than having two hands to be cast into everlasting fire. And if thine eye offend thee, pluck it out, and cast it from thee; it is better for thee to enter into life with one eye rather than having two eyes to be cast into hell fire. Mat. xviii. 8,9. If thy hand offend thee, cut it off; it is better for thee to enter into life maimed, than having two hands to go into hell, into the fire that never shall be quenched: Where their worm dieth not, and the fire is not quenched. And if thy foot offend thee, cut it off: it is better for thee to enter halt into life, than having two feet to be cast into hell, into the fire that never shall be quenched: Where their worm

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