玁雷暺訊其讐蠢淵旅鉦 狁® 暺獲猶方爾淵。顯人 蠻 允火 焞醜。 方 灣 允伐 荆方焞。戎虚 荆旅方鼓。 叔 叔。陳 如車 老 征霆 霆暺 伐如 止。克 克邦 伐師 暺執壯為 鼓鞠 With his jinglers and drummers, He marshalled his hosts and addressed them. Intelligent and true is Fang Shuh, Deep rolled the sound of his drums; With a lighter sound he led the troops back. 4 Foolish were the savage tribes of King, Presuming to oppose our great region. Fang Shuh is of great age, But full of vigour were his plans. He led his army on, Seized [the chiefs] for the question, and made captives of a crowd [besides]. Numerous were his war chariots, Numerous and in grand array, Like the clap or the roll of thunder their onset. Intelligent and true is Fang Shuh. He had gone and smitten the Hëen-yun, And the tribes of King came, awed by his majesty. proper resting place,' meaning I suppose, its prey. So bold, so decisive, so fatal is the movement of an army like Fang Shuh's. L. 8. The ching was an instrument like a bell, and gave a jingling sound, which was the signal for troops to stop their advance. This line, seems to say that the jinglers beat the drums; but we must understand it as in the translation. So long as the drum sounded, the troops advanced, and they stopped when they heard the jinglers. L. 9. 12500 men were called a師, and 500 men a 旅; but we must construe this line as if it -陳其師旅而告之 鞠=告 *to address.’顯允-as in ii. X. 2. 淵淵 and 闐闐 both give the sound were of the drums: -the former the deep roll with which they were beaten, as the troops marched from their entrenchments to engage the enemy; the latter a lighter and more cheerful sound, to which they returned victorious. 振止,to stop, and 旅一般, 'all,' i. e., the troops. St. 4. 春 properly denotes the wriggling motion of creeping insects; and hence it passed into an expression of contempt='stupid,' ‘in solent. 而=然, forming an adverb with 蠢 to be construed with 1.2. 行 was the 春 general name for the wild, uncivilized tribes, lying south of the China proper of those days. 蠻荆-荆州之蠻 the Man of King V. Keu kung. 駕東四田駕 四 我我 言有牡車言牡馬車 行甫孔旣很龐旣旣 狩。草。阜。好。束。龐同。攻。 1 Our chariots were strong, Our horses were well matched; And with four steeds [for each], sleek and large, We yoked and proceeded to the east. 2 Our hunting carriages were good, And their four steeds in fine condition. Eastwards were the grassy plains of Foo;- chow.' On King-chow, see on the Shoo, III. i. 'counsels,' 'plans.' L. 6,—as in i. VIII. 6. p pH expresses the multitude of the chariots, and 焞惇 the completeness of their array.霆 is the rapid clap of thunder. The last line is understood to say that the Man submitted to Fang Shuh without fighting, awed by the terror of his name and the display of his force. ( Both the 3d and 4th stanzas are, to my mind irreconcileable with such a view. Probably the campaign was soon over, as the Man found they were no match for the force that was brought against them; but there was fighting in the first place. The rhymes are-in st. 1, 車攻 FEUDAL PRINCES AT THE EASTERN CAPITAL OF Loн. One of the great undertakings of the famous duke of Chow was the building of Loh, a few miles from the pres. city of Loh-yang. King Woo had intended to fix there the capital of his kingdom, but his immediate successors did not carry out his idea. So long as the dyn. was vigorous, however, the kings made progresses to Loh, and there gave audience to the lords of the States. This practice, which was fallen into disuse, was revived by Seuen, the more emboldened to do so by the renown and strength acquired by the two victories commemorated in odes 3 and 4. He met the lords at Loh, and took the opportunity to have a great hunting in that part of the country, in which they shared.-The transitions of time are not indicated in the stanzas, but I have translated them in the past tense. The author writes as if he had been an officer in the retinue of the king. St. 1. -, strong.' It is the verb, to put in order,' in the passive voice. ...,matched,' i. e., in their swiftness, which was the point attended to in preparing for cat. 1, t. 2; H,†, cat. 12, t.1;.hunting expeditions. Lung-lung is descriptive of the appearance of the horses being in good 革 田 千; 鄉, 央 , cat. 1, t.8: in 2, condition() is the particle; and 衡,瑲皇珩, cat. 10; in 3,天千 not, as Keang argues, the verb, expressing the Maou takes in the sense of ★, great,' so that 'great,' so that large, grassy plains.' Choo, however, follows Ching, who takes the = characters as= 圃田之草 the grassy country about Poo-teen,' which was one of the eleven meres of the kingdom,-in the pres. dis. The voices resounded as they told off the men. 3 Of the officers in charge of the hunt, And we proceeded to pursue the chase in Gaou. 4 With their four-horsed chariots [they came], Forming a long train, In their red knee-covers and gold-adorned slippers, Like the crowd of an occasional or a general audience. 5 The bowstring thimbles and armlets were fitted on; The bows and arrows were adjusted to one another; The archers acted in unison, Helping us to rear a pile of game. of Chung-mow (中牟). It was afterwards | the actual hunting, the preparations for which included in the State of Ch'ing, which was not are described in the previous stanzas. 奕奕 yet constituted. 田 is read teen, to hunt.’狩 describes the app. of their arrival, from difft. is properly the name of the winter hunt, as quarters, one after another. Yen Ts'an makes 苗(next st.) is of the summer. Interchanged | it=大,‘large,' descriptive only of the horses. as the characters are here, we must take them Han Ying explained it by in the general sense of 'to hunt.. St. 3. 之子,‘these gentlemen,' meaning | the officers), who had charge of the arrangements for the hunt. They had to select or tell off (選=數) the carriages, and their attendants that were to take part in it, and numerous.' L.8 mentions two of the articles of dress worn by the princes. The 'red' of the knee-covers and slippers was the light vermilion, mentioned in st. 2 of last ode. How the gold was placed on the slippers I cannot tell. Lacharme wrongly says the slippers were woven with thread of gold. was the name appropriate to a meeting of princes, called by the king, on any exigency arising; was the name for a general meeting of them, which ought to have taken place every 12 years. This meeting was neither of i VIII. 2. 搏獸-‘to seize the animals, these, but the attendance at it made the wri 敖 was properly the name of a hill, but is here used for the country about it. It was in the pres. dis. of Yung-yang (滎陽 ). St. 4 relates the arrival of the princes of the States to do homage to the king, which preceded VOL. IV. ter think of them. in trains long drawn out, as if a cocoon were being unwound. St. 5. We come now to the actual hunting. The was a sort of thimble fitted on the right thumb, to assist in drawing the bow-string; 37 之大旆蕭*舍不四 i尬。青 征。盈 有 子。聞 子。 6 Of the four yellow horses of each chariot, The two outsiders inclined not to either side. No error in driving was committed, 猗。董 六章 不猗不失其种 四黃旣駕 兩驂 馳R And the arrows went forth like downright blows. 7 As if at their ease, the horses neighed, Long and slow moved the line of pennons and banners; The great kitchen did not claim its full complement. 8 So did the officers conduct this expedition, the 拾 Without any clamour in the noise of it. Truly a princely man is [the king]; Great indeed are his achievements! was an armlet of leather, fitted on the we have the return from it without clamour or left arm, as a protection and help in discharging confusion. represents the neighing of the arrow. 飲 is defined here by 利比, the horses;–this was heard, but nothing else. and 便利, ‘to be made convenient.’ L.2 means that the size of the arrow was adapted to the strength of the bow. The archers' are here especially the princes. appears in the Shwoh-wăn with 手 instead of 木, meaning 悠悠 the long and slow procession of the flags. 驚一驚擾 to terrify and disturb.. The last line shows how the king had contented himself with a small portion of the game. St.8. L.2. 有聞 refers to the sound of ‘a pile.' The game was all piled up, prior to its distribution for various objects, and among the horses neighing, the officers telling off the different parties. men, &c.; but all without clamour (無聲) St. 6. 猗=偏猗不正, (inclining to | Lines 3 and 4 ascribe all the order and suc one side, and not straight.' The art of driving consisted principally in keeping the outside horses right. The nominative to 失 is 兩 驂.' They were not allowed to deviate from the rules for their galloping’如破‘like cess to the king.允and 展 are synonyms, signifying ‘truly. The rhymes are–in st.1,攻同龐東 cat.9: in 2, 好. 阜草 ..狩, cat. 3, t. 2: 鳥 #plitting. The arrows went forth, as sure of in3 苗囂旄敖, cat. 2: in 4,奕.. their mark as if they had been axes or ham mers directed against something immediately beneath the hand. St. 7. The hunting is over, and this st. de scribes what followed. In the first three lines in5,飲柴 cat. 15, t. 3 ; 釋cat.5,t.3: 調(prop. cat.3),同,cnt.9: in6,駕猗 .. 馳,破,cat.17: in 7,鳴旌驚盈 cat. 11: in 8, E., ib. 1 A lucky day was mow, 升旣旣 醜。彼好。伯 And we sacrificed on it to the Ruler [of horses], and prayed. Our hunting carriages were good; The team for each was in fine condition. We would ascend the greatest heights, And pursue the herds [of the game]. 2 A lucky day was kăng-woo. We had selected our horses; The haunts of the animals, Where the does and stags lay numerous, The grounds by the Ts'eih and the Ts'eu,— That was the place for the son of Heaven [to hunt]. Ode. 6. Narrative. CELEBRATING A HUNT-jects of sacrifice, 1 ING EXPEDITION BY KING SEUEN ON A SMALLER SCALE, ATTENDED BY HIS OWN OFFICERS, AND 事於馬祖, we had business with-i. e. WITHIN THE ROYAL DOMAIN. St. 1. Mow, it is said, was 'a hard day.' The we sacrificed to—the Father of horses.' Then cycle days were distinguished into (hard (剛),禱=因祭而祈禱之 and 'soft ).' The 'hard' were the odd days 1, 3, &c., and the 'soft' were the even. The former were deemed lucky for all business abroad; the latter for all home business. A hunting expedition of course must be begun on a hard day. Reasoning from kăng-woo in next stanza, we must conclude that the full name of the day here was mow-shin ∞). -as in the translation. Yen Ts'an says the four lines that follow are the words of the prayer, but that does not appear from anything in them; and Ying-tah thinks that they are the result of the prayer, and would translate them in the past tense indicative. They seem to me to supply the considerations which led to the prayer. It is in--herds multitudinous.' teresting to observe that the expedition was commenced with a religious service. In the Chow Le, IV.v., on the duties of the officer who had the care of the royal studs (校人), St. 2.-'to choose ;'—as once already. The difficuly with lines 8-6 is to find an active verb, which may indicate the action of the hunters. we Choo and others take in 1.5 as -從 are told that in spring, he sacrificed to the 'Father of horses,' the Spirit presiding in the four, we pursued them.' This leaves. stars, B. d, g, of Scorpio, the dragon horse of the sky;' in summer, to the first breeder of standing quite unconnectedly. Maou takes horses; in autumn, to him who first subjected horses to the chariot; and in winter, to the Spirit ill-affected to horses. By 1, 'the chief,' in the text is understood the first of these ob as the preposition='from,' and explains 11.5, 6. From the Ts'eih and the Ts'eu we pursued the Heaven.' The construction which I have adopgame, and forced it to the place of the Son of ted has not occurred to any of the critics. LI. |