תמונות בעמוד
PDF
ePub

來將作是懷豈駸載四駕 諗。母歌。用歸不駸驟駱。彼

5 Iyoked my four white steeds, black-maned;

They hurried away with speed.

[But] did I not wish to return?

Therefore I make this song,

Announcing my wish to nourish my mother.

III. Hwang-hwang chay hwa.

載六我每駪于皇

爱馳轡馬懷駪彼皇 維靡征原著

諏 ̧驅。濡。駒。及。夫。隰。

1 Brilliant are the flowers,

On those level heights and the low grounds.

Complete and alert is the messenger, with his suite,

Ever anxious lest he should not succeed.

2 My horses are young;

The six reins look as if they were moistened.

I gallop them, and urge them on,
Everywhere pushing my inquiries.

St. 5. 驟 denotes ‘a fleet horse;駸駸

*the app. of its rapid course 是用一是 以,‘therefore.' 諗=告, to announce.'

This ode, with the 1st and 3d, are mentioned in the Tso-chuen, under the 4th year of duke Séang, as sung at the court of Tsin.

The rhymes are in st. 1, 駪遲歸悲

cat. 15, t. 1: in 2,騏,歸;馬,鹽處 cat. 5, t. 2: in 3, 下, 栩盬必h.t in 4, 止母 a cat. 1, t, 2: in 5, 駸諗, cat.

7. t. 1.

[ocr errors]

Ode 3. Allusive, and narrative. AN ODE
APPROPRIATE TO THE DESPATCH OF AN ENVOY,

COMPLIMENTARY TO HIM, AND SUGGESTING IN-
STRUCTIONS AS TO THE DISCHARGE OF HIS DUTIES.

and level, a level height.' What flowers high

were to the heights and meadows, that the envoy was to the kingdom. Sin-sin expresses‘the

app. of number and alertness' Comp. 詵詵 in I.i. V. 1. 征夫 denotes the envoy and his suite, 每懐靡及其所懷思 常若有所不及, always as if he could

not come up to what he purposes and thinks of.' St. 2. In this and the following stanzas the

envoy is introduced as narrating, himself, the

energy and carefulness of his progress:-thereby he is admonished with what energy and care he

should proceed, 駒‘colts;’–see I.i, IX, 3,

The term indicates here that the horses were 俪

young and full of spirit. denotes the fresh brightness of the reins. L. 3, as in I. iv,

This picce also is referred to the time of king| X.1,et al. 周=徧‘everywhere’爱ia

Wăn.

the particle. 咨 and 諏 both signify ‘to

St. 1.-like, in I. xii. V. 1. deliberate,' 'to consult with.' Choo explains

原, as opposed to 隰 is defined by 高平the combination by 訪問

[blocks in formation]

-as in the trans

[merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small]

3 My horses are piebald;

The six reins are like silk.

I gallop then, and urge them on,

Everywhere seeking information and counsel.

4 My horses are white and black-maned; The six reins look glossy.

I gallop them and urge them on,

Everywhere seeking information and advice.

5 My horses are grey;

The six reins are well in hand.

I gallop them and urge them on,

Everywhere seeking information and suggestions.

IV. Chang te.

兄莫之凡韡鄂之常

弟如人。今韡不華棣

1 The flowers of the cherry tree–

lation.

Are they not gorgeously displayed?

Of all the men in the world

There are none equal to brothers.

Maou explains 周by忠信(with | lent to 咨詢, the character being varied for

stanzas. Maou says the phrase means to deli

loyalty and sincerity,' and says that to make the sake of the rhyme, here and in the other inquiries of the good is, and to inquire about affairs is; but the view of Choo is

much to be preferred. The envoy would get all

the information which he could,-to guide him in discharging his duty, and to report to the court on his return.

berate about the difficulty or ease
of carrying
things into execution.

St.4. 駱,一as in the previous ode. 沃 若一

—as in I.v.IV.3. -' to

concert mea

sures.' Maou says that the term means 'to deliberate on how affairs stand in regard to propriety and righteousness.'

St. 3. 麒 –as in I.xi.III. 1. 如絲 denotes the softness and pliancy of the reins. 謀to St.5. 馹 denotes a dark coloured horse, plan, Choo observes that 咨謀 is equiva- with white hair interspersed. 既均‘are

牆。兄况 每兄脊兄原兄死 外弟也有弟弟隰弟喪 禦鬩永良急在求裒孔之 其于歎。朋難。原矣。矣。懷。威。

2 On the dreaded occasions of death and burial, It is brothers who greatly sympathize.

When fugitives are collected on the heights and low grounds,

They are brothers who will seek one another out.

3 There is the wagtail on the level height;

4

When brothers are in urgent difficulties,

Friends, though they may be good

Will [only] heave long sighs.

Brothers may quarrel inside the walls,
But they will oppose insult from without,

equally adjusted.'-'talk about.' Maou

says that it is appropriate to consultation with relatives.'

The rhymes are—in st. 1,

.,, cat. 5,

6

is the te properly and simply so called. Its fruit is eatable, and not larger than a cherry. I suppose, indeed, it is a kind of cherrytree. Both Maou and Choo take

outwardly displayed,' and

t. 1; B, cat. 7, t.3: in st. 2, Etive,

驅*, 諏 *, cat. 4, t. 1: in 3. 麒絲謀 *,

cat. 1, t. 1: in 4,,,, cat. 5, t.3: in

5, 馹· 均 詢, cat. 12, t_1.

SETTING

Ode 4. Allusive and narrative.
FORTH THE CLOSE RELATION AND AFFECTION
THAT OUGHT TO OBTAIN BETWEEN BROTHERS.

The Preface assigns the composition of the
piece to the duke of Chow, saddened by the
justice which he had been obliged to execute on
his brothers, the lords of Kwan and Ts'ae. The
ode thus came into use at entertainments given
at the court to the princes of the same surname
as the royal House. Some doubt is thrown on
this account of the origin of the ode by a state-
ment in the Tso-chuen, under the 25th year of
duke He (B. C. 645), which assigns it to duke

Muh of Shaou, in the time of
king Le (died B. C. 827); yet in the 'Narratives
of the States, art. 1),' the very
same man, who assigns it this origin, quotes it
as 'a poeni of the time of duke Wan of Chow.'
There is nothing in the ode itself to guide us in
adjudicating between these different views.
St. 1. The is by most scholars dis-
tinguished from the of Lii.XIII, This

being-.

[ocr errors]

the line as interroga

=外見貌

Ching K‘ang-shing,

6

on the other hand, took as the calyx of the flower,' and (read foo) as =7

一树,‘the

foot or stalk of the calyx,' saying that the calyx, glorified by the flowers, serves well to set forth the union of brothers, the younger serving the elder, the elder overshadowing and protecting the younger. Wuy-wuy means 'bright-looking,'

splendid. is not to be confined to brothers of the same parents; it denotes all of the same surname, who traced their lineage to a common ancestor.

St. 2. Showing the value of brothers in times of greatest distress., to be collected.' Choo understands it of the bodies of the dead;' but the at the end suggests a less extreme The view I have adopted is put forth by Yen Ts'an, and Keang Ping-chang. in emergencies not so extreme. The (in St.3. Showing the superiority of brothers to friends

case.

[blocks in formation]

琴妻且飫。儐友寧喪無 務。

兄子獳兄爾生雖亂戎。每 弟籑 有

既合。 既豆。

有任
兄 平。

翕。

弟旣

[blocks in formation]
[ocr errors]
[blocks in formation]

5 When death and disorder are past,

And there are tranquillity and rest;

Although they have brothers,

[Some] reckon them not equal to friends.

6 Your dishes may be set in array,

And

you may drink to satiety;

But it is when your brothers are all present,

That you are harmonious and happy, with child-like joy.

7 Loving union with wife and children

Is like the music of lutes;

But it is the accord of brothers

Which makes the harmony and happiness lasting.

St. 4. 閱 is ‘to wrangle.'于牆 as opposed to 外 in 1. 2, must=牆內, inside the walls'務 is explained by 侮, which is found

in the passage of the Tso-chuen referred to above.烝 -an initial particle, as in I.xv.III.1. The usage of here seems to establish

Choo's construction of in the preceding

[blocks in formation]

St. 6. 簉豆-as in I. xv.V.2.償=陳 to set forth'飫=饜, to ent or drink to repletion' 之 is an expletive. 孺 (a child," 孺‘a

‘a suckling,' is here used as an adjective, expressing such mutual confidence and complacency as exist between a child and its parents. The parties supposed to be feasted in the first

two lines are friends.

St. 7. Brotherly love is necessary to the completion and permanence of connubial joy. A brother

should be more than a wife! Kéang Ping-chang

says, 'Brothers are from the same root, forming,

indeed, one stem.翕一合,“union.” Brothers, like the hands and feet, form one body, and

should not be looked at as two individuals, like husband and wife, who are but the union of two surnames.’

亶是是妻室宜且

其圖。究帑爾家爾湛。

乎。其

8 For the ordering of your family,

For your joy in your wife and children,

Examine this and study it;

Will you not find that it is truly so?

V. Fah muh.

矧猶相求嚶遷出鳥可

伊求

鳴 其其于自

人友鳥友鳴喬幽嚶丁 木 矣聲矣聲矣木,谷。嚶。丁。

1 On the trees go the blows chang-chăng;

And the birds cry out ying-ying.

One issues from the dark valley,

And removes to the lofty tree,

While ying goes its cry,

Seeking with its voice its companion.

Look at the bird,

Bird as it is, seeking with its voice its companion;

And shall a man

St. 8.帑=子, ‘a child' children'妻 琴湛 *, b, t. 1: in8, 家, 帑圖乎, 帑一妻子 in prec.st. L.3 refers to the cat.5,t. 1.

truth, as the writer deemed it, set forth in the

whole ode.亶ㄧ信‘truly' Ping-chang

says here, 'If a man be generous and affectionate to his wife and children, while he is indifferent to his brothers, the generosity and affection are but the selfishness of human desire; but if he be generous and affectionate to his bro

thers, and carry on the same behaviour to his family, the generosity and affection are the justice of heavenly principle.'

The rhymes are–in st. 1, 韡弟, cat. 15, t. 2: in 2, 威懐 cat. 15, t. 1; 裒求, cat. 3, t1: in 3, 原難, 歎, cat.14: in 4,

[ocr errors]

Ode 5. Allusive. A FESTAL ODE, SUNG AT

THE ENTERTAINMENT OF FRIENDS; INTENDED TO

CELEBRATE THE DUTY AND VALUE OF FRIENDSHIP, EVEN TO THE HIGHEST. In Maou the piece is divided into six stanzas of six lines each; it is now arranged, more correctly, into three, each of twelve lines.

St. 1. TT,—as in I. i. VII. Këang Pingchang and some others understand

★ not of felling the trees, but of fashioning the felled trees for use, finding the idea of friendship in

the combination of skill and strength for that

purpose. But line 1 in st.3 is inconsistent

with that idea. A company of woodmen, whose

blows sound responsive to one another, serves well enough to introduce a company of festive friends.

(prop. cat. 9), cat. 3, t. 2: in 5,,,Ying-ying is intended to represent the voices of two birds calling to one another. Maou gives

cat.11: in 6, 豆飫(prop. cat.2), 具 *, 孺, cat. 4, t. 2: in 7,合,翕cat.7,t.3

;

the characters, I hardly see why, the meaning

of 'frightened,' as if the birds were disturbed

by the sound of the blows. I find, rather, in

« הקודםהמשך »