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believing that they would be good labourers in that abundant harvest which India presents to the servants of Jesus Christ.

His Lordship concluded the business of the day with prayer.

Society for Promoting Christian Know

ledge, and National Society.

A REPORT having been received from the Committee of the National Society, that an application had been made by the Secretaries of National Schools in different parts of the kingdom, suggesting that it would be highly expedient to enlarge the list of Books and Tracts for the use of Schools; the Secretary of the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, in order to promote the business thus referred to his consideration, has proposed the following points of inquiry with respect to the subject of School Books.

"A. Have any books on the catalogue of the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, formerly used in the schools of your district or neigh

bourhood, been recently discontinued? -and if so, for what reason?

"B. Have any books on the Society's catalogue been recently introduced into your schools?-and if so, in what respects are they considered preferable to others formerly in use?

"C. (1) Have you found a deficiency of elementary or other school books on the Society's catalogue ?—and if so, (2) what particular department of instruction was affected by this deficiency? and (3) what books are in your opinion calculated to supply it? "N. B. If any book (not very generally

known) should be recommended in answer to C (3) the favour of one or two copies of the work is requested, which may probably be forwarded to London, gratis, with the monthly packet of some bookseller or other tradesman in your neighbourhood.

"D. Have you any general observations to offer relative to books required in Church-of-England Sunday, or Sunday and Daily schools?

"N. B. In returning answers to these inquiries it will be sufficient to distinguish the subjects of them by transcribing the letter A, B, C, D, prefixed to each."

POLITICAL RETROSPECT.

DOMESTIC.-The meeting of Parliament has been prorogued to the 26th of October, when it is expected to assemble for the despatch of busi

ness.

The harvest in the south of England, and the gravelly districts of Scotland, has been generally gathered in, and, for the most part, with very little injury from the unusual quantity of rain which has fallen during the summer. In the southern parts of Europe it has suffered so much as already to create an alarm of famine. These apprehensions prevail in France, and more particularly in Italy. In both countries, legal measures have been resorted to in order to prevent the exportation and encourage the importation of this first necessary of life.

An improved application of the powers of steam upon an improved

railroad, which bids fair to produce a most important effect upon the commerce of this kingdom, has been brought into operation during this month, between the great port of Liverpool and the town of Manchester, and a survey is now making to extend the line of it from the lastmentioned place to the metropolis. By these means, a communication

will be maintained between distant places for goods at the rate of sixteen or even twenty miles per hour, and for passengers at twenty or even thirty miles per hour, with the greatest ease, pleasantness, and safety, and with a very considerable diminution of expense. The annual saving in freight and carriage between Liverpool and Manchester is calculated at half a million sterling.

The Ex-Monarch of France, Charles the Tenth, has taken up his abode at

Lulworth Castle, Dorsetshire, the seat of Cardinal Weld.

FRANCE. The new order of things has been acknowledged by all the European states, except Russia. The effects of the late Revolution in this country upon the internal interests of it are at this moment very severely felt, but we hope they will prove only temporary. Great distrust must necessarily prevail amidst the uncertainty of such events, and the consequences of this will be felt first by the commercial and manufacturing interests, the labouring classes of which being immediately thrown out of employment by the diminution of demand for their manufactures, become involved in great distress.

The Government have proposed to the Chambers to relieve the embarrassment of the manufacturers by loans of money upon the security of their goods, a measure which has been successfully tried in this country, and which will, probably, lessen an evil which time and security can alone

remove.

The relation of France with Algiers forms a weighty subject of consideration to the new Government. The captured city is the only possession of that armament. The inhabitants of the country evince the most hostile feeling towards their invaders, whose hospitals are crowded with the sick and dying soldiers. The treasures of the late Dey have almost entirely disappeared. General Bourmont and his staff are accused of having purloined these, and a commission is appointed to investigate the circumstances. The General and his friends have left Algiers, but not to return to France.

NETHERLANDS. The spirit of resistance to unjust oppression, exerted with so much success in France, has roused that of rebellion in Belgium, At Brussels the mob commenced an attack on the houses and members of the Government. The citizens formed, a burgher guard, and while they checked the depredations of the former, gave a more regular tone to their demands. Liege immediately joined with these. Their requisitions were comprised under ten heads (some important, and some trifling), but pri

VOL. XII. NO. X.

marily insisting on their separation from the kingdom of the Netherlands. These they addressed to their fellowsubjects in the Belgian provinces, inviting them to maintain their cause. This invitation they have not been eager to accept, particularly Antwerp, which has shewn itself averse to the proposed measures. The King of the Netherlands has convoked an extraordinary session of the States, to consider of the demands, and the means to be adopted to comply with or reject them. The result of the whole we hope to record in our next Number, as the unity of spirit manifested in the other parts of the kingdom appears already to have produced a salutary effect on the turbulent rioters of Brussels and Liege, and we hope they will return to their obedience, without the employment of military force.

GERMANY.-The peace of Germany has been disturbed by commotions in Hamburg, Dresden, Hesse Cassel, Darmstadt and Brunswick; but in all these, as they began without any definite cause or object, so they have been reduced to order by the wise and firm measures resorted to by their respective governments, the last-named alone excepted. Our readers are sufficiently acquainted with the extraordinary conduct of the Duke of this little country, especially that part of it directed against our late revered monarch. Equally strange, violent, and inconsistent, have been the measures he has pursued towards his subjects; and if their patience was tried, it did not give way until he had trampled upon all their civil rights as a body, and oppressed many of them cruelly as individuals. The crowning and most insulting evil appears to have been that of placing pieces of cannon to command the streets of his capital. All ranks of his subjects now felt united in the common tie of their personal safety, assured that the next stage would be the capricious employment of these for their destruction. That evening the Duke went to the theatre; on his return, he was assailed with missiles from an infuriated mob, but saved by the fidelity and energy of his coachman and guard. Restored to his palace, he

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was petitioned to permit his citizens to enrol themselves in a body to protect their own houses and property from the mob; to dismiss his ministers and creatures whom he had raised merely from their implicit compliance with all his humours; to restore the Assembly of the States, and remove the cannon. In the terror of the moment he promised to comply with all these, only restricting the citizens to the use of the pike or sabre, and forbidding them to approach the palace. When day-light had returned, and, in some degree, restored his courage, he refused compliance with these terms, and particularly the lastthe removal of the cannon. Towards evening the mob began again to assemble. He then directed the commander of his guard to order them to fire on the people, and to invite the armed citizens to unite with the soldiery to defend the palace. That officer did not issue the order, assured that the troops would not comply; and before the civic guard could arrive, the mob had entered the courts and some of the rooms of that edifice. The wing of the court was set on fire from without, where no guard was placed, and the wind being favourable to the work of destruction, the whole was consumed before day-break. The Duke made his escape through the garden gate, and escorted by ten Hussars at the top of their speed, reached the confines of his dominions, and has since arrived in England.

AUSTRIA. The imperial government are marching troops with all haste into Italy, and forming two large cantonments, consisisting of nearly one hundred thousand men; one in the Milanese, and the other in the south provinces of the late Venetian territories. The Italian princes have been invited to send their troops into the imperial territories, to replace the garrisons in Austria and Hungary, which have been withdrawn to establish these cantonments. A double object is thus proposed to overawe any attempt at revolution by the presence of a vast military force, and to retain the native regiments as hostages for the implicit obedience of their countrymen.

TURKEY.-The energies of the Sultan are incessantly directed to the restoration of the military and naval establishments of his empire, and with a rapidity of success which can only be secured by popular enthusiasm or unlimited despotism, and in each case directed with consummate ability. His army is, in respect to numbers, nearly the same as before the late war, and not much inferior in discipline. Several new ships are built and equipped, and measures are adopting to raise a sufficiency of seamen to navigate them. This was formerly intrusted to the Greeks, the Turks only fighting them. The finances are no less attended to, and various regulations, borrowed from the civilized states of Europe, are now introducing into the administration of the Ottoman revenue. These have excited rebellion in the Asiatic provinces, which have been subdued, and the innovations established. The revolt of the Albanian provinces is at an end. The Seraskier, to whom that affair was intrusted, proposed to the Albanian chiefs to negotiate, and conducted the treaty with so much candour, and gave such testimonies of the good-will of his imperial master, and his desire to cultivate their friendship, that he gradually gained their confidence. They obtained all they desired. He then invited them to come to a review of his troops, and bring with them any number of their own, assuring them that the town should be interposed between them, to prevent all possibility of danger. They accepted the invitation, accompanied by five thousand followers, and were received and treated with the most marked attention. On the day of the review, they chose their station, attended by a guard of five hundred picked men. The Turks passed through many evolutions, when, at length, the Albanians found themselves surrounded and attacked on all sides. After a desperate resistance, they and their chosen followers were all slain, and the remainder, separated from their chiefs, fled without fighting. The submission of the Albanian provinces followed, and Mahmoud is now completely master of his dominions.

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New Churches have been consecrated at the following places by the Archbishop of York:

Almondbury, two Churches; Crossland, South; Huddersfield, three Churches; Idle; and Morley.

The following New Churches have been consecrated by the Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry:

BILSTON, St. Mary's, New Town. The structure is in the Gothic style of the sixteenth century. It will contain 1300 or 1400 persons. His Majesty's Commissioners defray the expense of its erection.

COSELEY, in the parish of Sedgeley, by the name of Christ Church. This Church, which is a neat and elegant structure of the plain Gothic order, has been erected partly by subscription, and partly by His Majesty's Commissioners, and is calculated to contain 2000 persons.

WOLVERHAMPTON, St. George's. This Church is of the Grecian style of architecture, and of the Doric order. It will accommodate 2038 persons, 706 sittings being in pews, and 1332 in free seats, for the use of the poor.

The foundation-stone has been laid of a New Chapel at Southtown, near Yarmouth, to be built by subscription. Lord Anson has contributed 500l. towards its erection, and the Rev. G. Anguish 507.

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