this manner: holding the host between the thumb and forefinger of each hand over the paten, he makes a small fracture or crack in the lower part of it, saying at the same time,) he brake it. (Still holding the host with both hands, he moves his feet a little from the altar, keeping the right foot near to the left, so that he may genuflect without striking his knee against the altar, and bowing moderately, he continues:) and gave it to his disciples, saying, Take, eat, ( And here to lay his hand upon all the bread, which he does after this manner: holding the large host between the thumb and forefinger of each hand over the paten, or over the ciborium, if the latter be used to hold the hosts for the people, he extends the rest of each hand over the small hosts which are to be consecrated; and standing with head and body moderately bowed down, he immediately adds the Words of Consecration, which he pronounces in a clear and distinct tone of voice, without pausing between the words, saying:) This is my Body, which is given for you; Do this in remembrance of me.

4. Then the Priest raises his head, and holding the host between his thumbs and forefingers over the paten, the other fingers being close together and extended-the small hosts which have been consecrated being left on the paten or in the ciborium-he genu

The English Uses in common with the other Western rites required the whole Canon to be said secretly or in a low tone of voice. Anciently, however, the Canon was said aloud, and Cardinal Bona thinks that this custom continued to be observed as late as the tenth century. (De Reb. Lit. lib. ii. cap. xiii. 1.) The Abbé L. Duchesne in his recent work entitled Origines du Culte Chrétien, p. 111, tells us that from the difficulty of sustaining in a large building a raised tone of voice arose the later custom of pronouncing in a low voice certain formula which had evidently been composed to be heard by all. There can be little doubt that the Church in setting forth her liturgy in the vernacular intended to revert to the earlier usage of saying the whole service in a clear, intelligible tone of voice.

flects on the right knee to the floor, rises and reverently elevates the host in a straight line over the paten, so that it may be seen by the people, keeping his eyes fixed attentively upon it. After holding it elevated for an instant, he reverently lowers it with both hands, but when near the paten, he withdraws the left hand, and with the right hand places it upon the paten. Then, having the thumb and forefinger of each hand joined, he places his hands upon the corporal, so that the little fingers will rest upon the corporal, and one palm look towards the other, and holding his head erect, he genuflects and rises. Then, if a ciborium be in use, he covers it, and moves it to its place on the corporal behind the chalice.

N. B. (a) In consecrating the host, the Priest will take care not to breathe upon it, or touch it with his beard or mouth. The same caution is to be observed at the consecration of the chalice.

(b) After pronouncing the Words of Consecration, the thumb and forefinger of each hand ought not to be disjoined until after the ablution of the fingers, except when the host is to be touched or handled. Therefore, in turning over the leaves of the book, the Priest will take each leaf between the middle finger and the nail of the forefinger of the left hand, and so turn it over.

(c) When the Priest elevates the host and chalice, he will take care that the ends of the maniple are not brought in contact with the hosts, which may be upon the paten.

5. The Priest having genuflected, and moved the ciborium to its place behind the chalice, as directed See Notes on the Mass, viii., p. 16.

8 See Notes on the Mass, ix., p. 22.

above, places the extremities of the three last fingers of the left hand on the foot of the chalice, and then takes the pall between the middle and forefinger of the right hand (keeping the thumb joined to the forefinger) and removes it from the chalice, placing it upon the corporal at the upper right hand corner, so that it will partly rest upon the veil. Then rubbing the thumb and forefinger of each hand together over the chalice to remove any particles that may have adhered to them, he says:

L

Consecration of the Chalice.

IKEWISE, after supper, (¶ Here he is to take the cup into his hands, which he does after this manner: without disjoining the thumb and forefinger of each hand, he takes the chalice in both hands by the knop, and raising it about four inches from the altar, he says:) he took the cup; (He immediately lowers it, and holding it upon the altar by the knop with his left hand, and bowing his head to the host, he makes the sign of the cross with his right hand over the chalice, saying:) and when he had given thanks, he gave it to them, saying, Drink ye all of this; for (¶ And here he is to lay his hand upon every vessel in which there is any wine to be consecrated; and this he does after this manner: he takes the knop of the chalice into his right hand, that is between the joined thumb and forefinger and the last three fingers; and the foot of the chalice he takes with his left hand, so that the joined thumb and forefinger will

By all the old English Uses the Priest was directed to take the chalice as he said Simili modo, etc.; but here again our Prayer Book agrees with the Roman missal in placing this direction just before the words, "He took the cup."

rest on the foot, and the last three fingers support the chalice beneath; he then places his arms lightly upon the altar, and bowing moderately, immediately adds the Words of Consecration, which he pronounces in the same manner as was directed at the consecration of the host:) This is my Blood of the New Testament, which is shed for you, and for many, for the remission of sins; (Then he replaces the chalice on the corporal, in the place where it was before, saying:) Do this, as oft as ye shall drink it, in remembrance of me.*

6. Then the Priest, straightway placing his hands upon the corporal, genuflects and rises. And then taking the chalice with both hands, in the manner directed above, he elevates it in a straight line over the corporal, lifting it to a height which will bring the base to a level with his eyes. He holds the chalice elevated for an instant, during which time he keeps his eyes fixed upon it, and then reverently lowers it, replacing it upon the corporal. Then placing the last three fingers of the left hand upon the foot of the chalice he takes the pall between the fore and middle finger of the right hand, and covers the chalice. Then placing both hands upon the corporal he genuflects and rises.

The server straightway rises, and taking the sacring bell with him goes down below the lowest step where he genuflects in the midst, and then goes and kneels on the lowest step at the Epistle side, placing the sacring bell on the step in front of him. The Priest standing erect, and with hands extended before the breast, says:

*The English Canon here ends.

7. The Oblation.

HEREFORE, O Lord and heavenly Father, accord

WHERE

ing to the institution of thy dearly beloved Son our Saviour Jesus Christ, we, thy humble servants, do celebrate and make here before thy Divine Majesty, (Here he joins his hands before the breast, immediately disjoins them and placing the left hand on the corporal, makes the sign of the cross with the right hand over the paten and chalice together, saying:) with these thy holy gifts, which we now offer unto thee, the memorial thy Son hath commanded us to make; having in remembrance his blessed passion and precious death, his mighty resurrection and glorious ascension; rendering unto thee most hearty thanks for the innumerable benefits procured unto us by the same.

A

8. The Invocation."

11

ND we most humbly beseech thee, O merciful Father, to hear us; and, of thy almighty goodness, vouchsafe (He makes the sign of the cross twice over the patcn and chalice together, in the manner directed above, saying:) to bless and sanctify," with thy Word and Holy Spirit, these thy gifts and creatures of bread and wine; that we, receiving them according to thy Son our Saviour Jesus Christ's holy institution, in remembrance of his death and passion, may be partakers of his most blessed (He makes the sign of the cross once over the paten, and once over the chalice, saying:) Body and Blood. 12

10 See Notes on the Mass, x, p. 24.

11 So in Ist Prayer Book of Ed. VI.

12 Wherever the words "Body" and "Blood" occur in the Latin Canon a cross was made over the host, and one over the chalice.