ton landlady. One of these freshman clubs naturally presents striking diversities in human character and does not long continue. When, through the process of personal affinity, friendships are formed, the reorganization of eating clubs takes place; and the new club, made up of congenial spirits, becomes one of the pleasantest features of the social life. Heartiness and good-fellowship always prevail, and the most favorable opportunity is presented for the observation of student character. The eating clubs permanently organized and owning clubhouses are the Ivy club, Cap and Gown club, Cottage club, Colonial club, and the Tiger inn. The afternoon is employed in preparing for the recitation, in doing work in the chemical or physical laboratories, which commands the time of a large number of scientific students, or in the miscellaneous occupations of leisure hours. Recitations and lectures occur at three, four, or five o'clock, after which the kicking of foot-balls, games of tennis, or the passing of lacrosse balls; walks into the country, coasting and skating in winter, are indulged in out of doors. At six o'clock the eating clubs again assemble. After supper the postoffice becomes the objective point. A large number of men congregate here and while away the time before the distribution of the mail. There has been recently instituted a special delivery system, made necessary by the increased number of students.

In the evenings of third term, when the great elms on the front campus are thick with foliage, and a rich carpet of green stretches beneath them, the college gathers en masse to hear the singing of the seniors who are seated on the steps of Nassau Hall. A picture is presented, which we believe is to be found nowhere but beneath the elms of Princeton. Groups of men, standing or reclining, applaud the singers; others running around in boyish sport give a lively appearance to the place. The rays of the setting sun, casting long shadows from the trees, fall upon many-colored tennis costumes, making a charming combination of the picturesque and the fantastic, while above the noise of conversation the harmonious notes of blended voices fill the air with melody. After the singers give the college cheer-" Hurrah, hurrah, hurrah-tiger! siss, boom, ah!" the gathering breaks up reluctantly. Snatches of popular airs are carried away and echoed from various quarters of the campus. Then as silence falls with darkness over all, lights appear in dormitory windows and the occupations of the night begin.

Were it possible to catalogue all the engagements of duty and pleasure which take place within college walls at night, the limits of this article would still forbid us. It is the time when personal dispositions assume their proper attitudes, and hobbies are mounted and ridden into many

divergent paths. Here a number of acquaintances are enjoying a "spread" and toasting the success of their host in scholarship and love. In another room across the campus the "pow-wow" may be under hilarious headway, for it must be confessed that the "pow-wow," when considered as a social factor, assumes, as in every other American college, a form sometimes strangely distorted. Stories and wit prolonged into the night may give rise to boisterous laughter that startles the walls of staid. Nassau like exulting fiends let loose; and the night-watchman, as he makes his rounds to extinguish the flickering gas-jets at corners of the campus, may look up at an open window which throws a glare of light upon the darkness and neighboring tree-tops, and hear last echoes of joyous Princeton song. It is in the evening that the "poller" grinds out his task in solitude, disturbed only by occasional sounds that come to him from outside the voice of a friend calling loudly from below, or the wild sophomoric shout of "Fresh fires!" The exercises of the two literary societies may be in progress in their Ionic homes, or religious devotees conducting their meeting in Murray Hall.

We do not agree with those who say that there is little versatility of talent among college men, and that a hobby is ridden to the exclusion of everything else. It is not so at Princeton, as a rule. A university presents, without doubt, diversities in personal character. The college gossip, the traveled man, the artist, the musician, the joker, the littérateur, the athlete, the religious enthusiast, all are here. As ex-President Porter of Yale says: "One man finds delight in dissipating; another revels freely in the feathery foam of fashion; another makes muscle his god, and bows before him; while a fourth reads with the greatest pleasure the beauties of the literature of all ages." In this aspect a college is an epitome of the world. But there are many men in college who attain success in more than one field of activity, sustaining at the same time a high grade in their studies; and these are the men whose genius is most admired. It may happen that a 'varsity foot-ball man, who in that capacity alone has a certain popularity, becomes, we will suppose, an editor of the Princetonian, or of The Nassau Literary Magazine, a member of the sophomore reception committee, perhaps a junior orator, a member of the dramatic association or of the glee club, and possibly the winner of a fellowship or president of his class.

We may say in general, whatever inclinations a man may have, the opportunity is allowed him, with certain important restrictions, of gratifying them at Princeton. Whatever talent he may possess, he finds here the means for developing it. Mark Twain says: "Every man's a crank,

and if he can't turn something, it's his own fault." If he is a man of physical force, the gymnasium and athletic teams will receive him for a trial of strength; if he sings, or toots a horn, or scratches a fiddle, or bangs a drum, a glee club, a banjo club, or an instrumental club will give him culture; if he aims at scholastic honors, prizes in all departments of study reward successful endeavor. Success in any department of work comes only through competition by earnest industry.

Hazing is fast becoming a thing of the past in all American colleges. Harmless revilings upon the campus, the annual rush around the cannon, and hazing exploits of the gentlest nature, are the only doses of sophomoric salt administered to freshmen. On Washington's birthday, the esprit-de-corps of underclass men is given free play. Before the orations of the day begin, sophomores crowd one of the galleries in speakers' hall, and hurl invectives of the milder sort at the freshmen who occupy the gallery opposite. Perhaps a handful of corn will be sent back, or a small bag of powdered chalk will strike against the rafters. On one of these occasions, much to the amazement of the audience, a goose was dropped from the gallery of the freshmen, having about its neck a card with the graduating year of the sophomore class printed upon it in bold type. The goose fluttered down among the spectators, and was soon captured by a member of the sophomore class, who quickly removed the card and carried the goose in triumph to the gallery of his classmates. The freshmen now shouted in unison, "Birds of a feather flock together!" and the goose in the sophomore gallery was hurriedly concealed.

The life at college presents many such episodes, long to be remembered. It may be to some a life of careless ease, where the deepest study is the passing of examinations with the least possible labor; to a few, a life of boisterous levity, governed in its limitations by a code of rigid college law; but for the great majority of students, who have learned early that work is the real weapon of honor, it broadens one's view of life, elevates the soul through its religious influence, and molds the character with a power that is both refining and invigorating. College work, conscientiously performed, strengthens the faculties, enriches the understanding, and places the student in a respected place among his fellows.

Thomas W. Hotchkies, fr

BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

AMERICA EXTENDS HOSPITALITIES TO THE WORLD

A FEW GEMS FROM THE MINE OF ORATORY AT CHICAGO

The magnitude, grandeur, and far-reaching importance of the Columbian exposition was brought into popular notice during the imposing ceremonials at Chicago on the 21st of October, 1892, as never before. Even the narrow mind has been violently expanded, although not quite liberated from its imprisonment among the lower levels of thought and appreciation. The largest structure ever built by human hands was thronged on that significant occasion with the greatest number of people ever assembled under a single roof. The scene was one to inspire the loftiest utterances from the most eloquent orators. A few passages are culled from the expressions of thought on that magnificent occasion, which will speak for themselves to our readers. Mayor Washburne of Chicago, in extending the city's freedom to its honored guests, said:

"Over the very spot whereon we stand, within the memory of men still young, the wild fowls winged their migratory flight. Less than a century ago the site of this young city was unknown; to-day a million and a half people support her honor, enterprise, and thrift. Her annual commerce of one billion and a half tells the eloquent story of her material greatness. Her liberality to all nations and all creeds is boundless, broad as humanity, and high as the dome of heaven. . . . This, sirs, is the American city of your choice; her gates are open, her people at your service. To you and those you represent we offer greeting, hospitality, and love. To the old world, whose representatives grace this occasion, whose governments are in full accord with this enterprise so full of meaning to them and to us, to that old world whose children braved unruly seas and treacherous storms to found a new state in an unknown land, we give greeting, as children greet a parent in some new home. We are proud of its ancestry, for it is our own. We glory in its history, for it was our ancestral blood which inscribed its rolls of honor; and if to-day these distinguished men of more distinguished lands behold any spirit, thing, or ambition which excites their praise, it is but the outcropping of the Roman courage on a new continent in a later age. Welcome, you men of older civilizations, to this young city whose most ancient landmark was built within the span of a present life. Our hospitalities and our welcome we now extend without reserve, without regard to nationality, creed or race."

Mrs. Potter Palmer, president of the Board of Lady Managers, said: "Official representation for women upon so important an occasion as the present is unprecedented. It seems peculiarly appropriate that this honor should have been accorded our sex when celebrating the great deeds of Columbus, who, inspired though his visions may have been, yet required the aid of an Isabella to transform them into realities.

The visible evidence of the progress made since the discovery of this great continent will be collected six months hence in these stately buildings now to be dedicated. The

magnificent material exhibit will not, however, so vividly represent the great advance of modern thought as does the fact that man's 'silent partner' has been invited by the government to leave her retirement to assist in conducting a great national enterprise. The provision of the act of congress that the Board of Lady Managers appoint a jury of her peers to pass judgment upon woman's work adds to the significance of the innovation, for never before was it thought necessary to apply this fundamental principle of justice to our sex. Realizing the seriousness of the responsibilities devolving upon it, and inspired by a sense of the nobility of its mission, the Board has, from the time of its organization, attempted most thoroughly and most conscientiously to carry out the intentions of congress. We are proud that the statesmen of our own great country have been the first to see beneath the surface, and to understand that the old order of things had passed away and that new methods must be inaugurated. We wish to express our thanks to the congress of the United States for having made this great step forward, and also for having subsequently approved and indorsed the plans of the Board of Lady Managers, as was manifested by their liberal appropriation in carrying them out. Even more important than the discovery of Columbus, which we are gathered together to celebrate, is the fact that the general government has just discovered woman. It has sent out a flash light from its heights, so inaccessible to us, which we shall answer by a return signal when the exposition is opened. What will be its next message to us?"

President Palmer, in accepting the exposition buildings for the Columbian Commission, and asking the President of the United States to dedicate them to the purposes for which they were erected, said:

"Anniversaries are the punctuations of history. They are the emphasis given to events, not by the song of the poet or the pen of the rhetorician, but by the common acclaim of mankind. They are the monuments of the heroes and the saviors of the race. They are the Memnons which fill the heart with promise, the eye with gladness, and the ear with song. There are no more continents to discover, but there is much to do to make both hemispheres the home of intelligence, virtue, and consequent happiness. To that end no one material thing can contribute more than expositions, to which are invited, in a fraternal spirit, all nations, tribes, and peoples, where each shall give and receive according to its respective capacity. The foundations of civilization have been laid. Universal enlightenment, now acknowledged as the safe sub-structure of every state, receives an added impulse from the commingling of peoples and the fraternization of races, such as are ushered in by the pageant of to-day.

It was an act of high intelligence which, in the beginning, called a congress of the most eminent of our architects for consultation and concerted action. No one brain could have conceived this dream of beauty, or lured from fancy and crystallized in form these habitations where art will love to linger; and science, Cornelia-like, shall expose her children to those who ask to see her jewels.

In behalf of the men and women who have devoted themselves to this great work; of the rich who have given of their abundance, and the poor who have given of their necessities; in behalf of the architects who have given to their ideals a local habitation and a name, and the artists who have brought hither the three graces of modern lifeform, color, and melody-to decorate and inspire; of the workmen who have prepared