An Historical Geography of FranceCambridge University Press, 17 במרץ 1994 - 563 עמודים In this 1994 book, Xavier de Planhol and Paul Claval, two of France's leading scholars in the field, trace the historical geography of their country from its roots in the Roman province of Gaul to the 1990s. They demonstrate how, for centuries, France was little more than an ideological concept, despite its natural physical boundaries and long territorial history. They examine the relatively late development of a more complex territorial geography, involving political, religious, cultural, agricultural and industrial unities and diversities. The conclusion reached is that only in the twentieth century had France achieved a profound territorial unity and only now are the fragmentations of the past being overwritten. |
תוכן
The isthmus of Gaul | 3 |
landscapes The social structure and system | 17 |
Marseilles and the tin routes | 25 |
Greek influence in Gaul | 32 |
Rome and the geographical face of Gaul | 46 |
From Gaul to France | 58 |
The decrease in population and its consequences | 67 |
1435 | 73 |
The economic differentiation of space | 345 |
The development of the Languedoc and Roussillon vineyards | 351 |
The development of grassland in Normandy | 354 |
The development of the Landes forests | 362 |
The concentration of the cotton industry in Rouen in the nineteenth century | 367 |
The concentration of the Barrois iron and steel industry | 368 |
The concentration of the French iron and steel industry in the nineteenth century | 370 |
Aspects of the establishment of local tradenames aires dap pellation dorigine in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries | 374 |
The birth of France | 85 |
the name and the image | 93 |
45 | 99 |
The frontiers of France | 108 |
Conclusion to Part I | 117 |
The major divisions | 122 |
The secondary divisions | 159 |
Paris and the Parisian centralization | 247 |
The development of the railways | 272 |
unity and diversity | 276 |
From the provinces to the departments | 282 |
The origins of the Tour of France | 287 |
The Tour of France of the compagnons at the beginning of the nineteenth century | 289 |
Didactic itineraries of the nineteenth century | 290 |
general features | 297 |
local aspects | 301 |
Aspects of the differentiation of dances in Lower Brittany | 307 |
The origin and stability of religious attitudes | 327 |
The development of political attitudes | 333 |
Aspects of the meridional political contest | 337 |
Protestantism in the Cévennes The revolts in | 338 |
Desert churches around 1788 | 339 |
The rural exodus and urbanization | 380 |
The completion of the urban network in the modern period | 381 |
Temporary migrations under the First Empire | 387 |
The rural exodus | 394 |
The rural exodus and mobility in the nineteenth century | 398 |
The evolution of the urban picture in the second half of the nineteenth century | 403 |
The rate of urban growth in the nineteenth century | 404 |
The France of large organizations by Paul Claval | 415 |
The presidential elections of 1974 and 1981 | 431 |
The consolidation of fields and the suppression of hedgerows in western France | 447 |
Contemporary land clearance in Champagne pouilleuse | 448 |
Rail traffic freight | 450 |
Dencentralization in France | 451 |
Contact potentials in France in 1954 and 1975 | 453 |
Changes in the geography of urban growth between the nine teenth and the twentieth centuries | 456 |
Plan of Arcachon in 1926 | 460 |
The evolution of grands ensembles huge housing estates | 462 |
Paris La Défense | 465 |
General conclusion | 466 |
| 504 | |
| 533 | |
מהדורות אחרות - הצג הכל
An Historical Geography of France <span dir=ltr>Xavier de Planhol</span> אין תצוגה מקדימה זמינה - 2006 |
מונחים וביטויים נפוצים
agricultural Alps already Alsace Ancien Régime appear Aquitaine Auvergne Basque Basque country became Bordeaux Breton Brittany Burgundy Carolingian Celtic centres cereal certainly cited communication constituted countryside cultivation culture Dion divisions early economic eighteenth century élites Empire essentially established feudal forms framework française Franche-Comté Francia French frontier Gallic Gallic War Gallo-Roman Gascony Gaul geographical Géographie Germanic hectares historical Ibid industry influence inhabitants Jullian kilometres kingdom land language langue Languedoc less limited linguistic Loire Lorraine Lyons major Marseilles Massif Central Mediterranean Merovingian migrations modern mountains nineteenth century Normandy northern Occitan organized origin Orléans Paris Basin particular peasant period Picardy plain plateaux political popular population produced Provence provinces Pyrenees railway region Revolution Rhine Rhône Roman routes rural Saône sectors settlements siècle social southern France style territory took toponyms Toulouse Tour towns traditional urban valley Vendée villages vineyards western wines