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2. The Master said, "There is the hen-pheasant on the hill bridge. At its season! At its season!" Tsze loo made a motion to it. Thrice it smelt him and then

rose.

BOOK XI. SEEN TSIN.

CHAPTER I. 1. The Master said, "The men of former times, in the matters of ceremonies and music, were rustics, it is said, while the men of these latter times, in ceremonies and music, are accomplished gentlemen.

2. "If I have occasion to use those things, I follow the men of former times."

II. 1. The Master said, "Of those who were with me in Ch'in and Ts'ae, there are none to be found to enter my door."

2. Distinguished for their virtuous principles and practice, there were Yen Yuen, Min Tsze-k ́een, Yen Pih-new, and Chung-kung; for their ability in speech, Tsae Go and Tsze-kung; for their administrative talents, Yen Yew and Ke Loo; for their literary acquirements, Tsze-yew and Tsze-hea.

III. The Master said, " Hwuy gives me no assistance. There is nothing that I say in which he does not delight."

IV. The Master said, "Filial indeed is Min Tszek'een! Other people say nothing of him different from the report of his parents and brothers."

V. Nan Yung was frequently repeating the lines

about a white sceptre-stone. Confucius gave him the daughter of his elder brother to wife.

VI. Ke Kang asked which of the disciples loved to learn. Confucius replied to him, "There was Yen Hwuy; he loved to learn. Unfortunately his appointed time was short, and he died. Now there is no one who loves to learn as he did."

VII. 1. When Yen Yuen died, Yen Loo begged the carriage of the Master to get an outer shell for his son's coffin.'

2. The Master said, "Every one calls his son his son, whether he has talents or has not talents. There was Le; when he died, he had a coffin but no outer shell. I would not walk on foot to get a shell for him, because, following after the great officers, it was not proper that I should walk on foot."

VIII. When Yen Yuen died, the Master said," Alas! Heaven is destroying me! Heaven is destroying me!"

IX. 1. When Yen Yuen died, the Master bewailed him exceedingly, and the disciples who were with him said, "Sir, your grief is excessive ?”

2. "Is it excessive?" said he.

3. "If I am not to mourn bitterly for this man, for whom should I mourn?"

X. 1. When Yen Yuen died, the disciples wished to give him a great funeral, and the Master said, "You may not do so."

2. The disciples did bury him in great style.

3. The Master said, "Hwuy behaved towards me as his father. I have not been able to treat him as my The fault is not mine; it belongs to you, O disci

son.

ciples."

XI. Ke Loo asked about serving the spirits of the dead. The Master said, "While you are not able to serve men, how can you serve their spirits?" Ke Loo added, "I venture to ask about death?" He was an

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swered, "While you do not know life, how can you know about death?"

XII. 1. The disciple Min was standing by his side, looking bland and precise; Tsze-loo, looking bold and soldierly; Yen Yew and Tsze-kung, with a free and straightforward manner. The Master was pleased.

2. He said, "Yew there!-he will not die a natural death."

XIII. 1. Some parties in Loo were going to take down and rebuild the Long treasury.

2. Min Tsze-k'een said, "Suppose it were to be repaired after its old style; Why must it be altered, and made anew?"

3. The Master said, "This man seldom speaks; when he does, he is sure to hit the point."

XIV. 1. The Master said, "What has the harpsichord of Yew to do in my door?"

2. The other disciples began not to respect Tsze-loo. The Master said, "Yew has ascended to the hall, though he has not yet passed into the inner apartments."

XV. 1. Tse-kung asked which of the two, Sze or Shang, was the superior. The Master said, "Sze goes beyond the due mean, and Shang does not come up to it."

2. “Then,” said Tsze-kung, "the superiority is with Sze, I suppose."

3. The Master said, "To go beyond is as wrong as to fall short."

XVI. 1. The head of the Ke family was richer than the duke of Chow had been, and yet K'ew collected his imposts for him, and increased his wealth.

2. The Master said, " He is no disciple of mine. My little children, beat the drum and assail him." · XVII. 1. Chae is simple.

2. Sin is dull.

3. Sze is specious. 4. Yew is coarse.

XVIII. 1. The Master said, "There is Hwuy! He has nearly attained to perfect virtue.

want."

He is often in

Yet his

2. "Tsze does not acquiesce in the appointinents of Heaven, and his goods are increased by him. judgments are often correct."

XIX. Tsze-chang asked what were the characteristics of the GOOD man. The Master said, "IIe does not tread in the footsteps of others, but, moreover, he does not enter the chamber of the sage."

XX. The Master said, "If, because a man's discourse appears solid and sincere, we allow him to be a good man, is he really a superior man? or is his gravity only in appearance?"

XXI. Tsze-loo asked whether he should immediately carry into practice what he heard. The Master said, "There are your father and elder brothers to be consulted;-why should you act on that principle of immediately carrying into practice what you hear?" Yen Yew asked the same, whether he should immediately carry into practice what he heard, and the Master answered, "Immediately carry into practice what you hear." Kung-se Hwa said, "Yew asked whether he should carry immediately into practice what he heard, and you said, 'There are your father and elder brothers to be consulted. K'ew asked whether he should immeliately carry into practice what he heard, and you said, Carry it immediately into practice.' I, Chih, am perplexed, and venture to ask you for an explanation." The Master said, "K'ew is retiring and slow; therefore I urged him forward. Yew has more than his own share of energy; therefore I kept him back."

XXII. The Master was put in fear in Kwang and Yen Yuen fell behind. The Master, on his rejoining him, said, "I thought you had died." Hwuy replied, "While you were alive, how should I presume to die?"

XXIII. 1. Ke Tsze-jen asked whether Chung-yew and Yen K'ew could be called great ministers.

2. The Master said, "I thought you would ask about some extraordinary individuals, and you only ask about Yew and K'ew!

3. "What is called a great minister, is one who serves his prince according to what is right, and when he finds he cannot do so, retires."

4. "Now, as to Yew and K'ew, they may be called ordinary ministers."

5. Tsze-jen said, "Then they will always follow their chief;-will they?"

6. The Master said, "In an act of parricide or regicide, they would not follow him.”

XXIV. 1. Tsze-loo got Tsze-kaou appointed governor of Pe.

2. The Master said, "You are injuring a man's son." 3. Tsze-loo said, "There are (there) common people and officers; there are the altars of the spirits of the land and grain. Why must one read books before he can be considered to have learned?"

4. The Master said, "It is on this account that I hate your glib-tongued people."

XXV. 1. Tsze-loo, Tsang Sih, Yen Yew, and Kung se Hwa, were sitting by the Master.

2. He said to them," Though I am a day or so older 'than you, don't think of that.

3. "From day to day you are saying, 'We are not known.' If some prince were to know you, what would you do?"

4. Tsze-loo hastily and lightly replied, "Suppose the case of a state of ten thousand chariots; let it be straightened between other large states; let it be suffering from invading armies; and to this let there be added a famine in corn and in all vegetables;—If were intrusted with the government of it, in three

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