349; infamous character, 363; abo-
lishes all the acts of his predecessor,
387; institutes the jubilee, 418; his in-
solent letters to Philip the Fair of
France, and quarrel, 453; excommuni-
cates the king, 454; is seized by the
order of Philip, and dies, ibid and g.
Borri, Joseph Francis, his romantic no-
tions, iii. 547; is sentenced to perpetual
imprisonment, 548.

Bosius, George, his doctrine in xvii. cent.
iv. 51.

Bossuet, Bishop of Meaux, his character
and works for reconciling the French
Protestants, iii. 469, 470 and u; follow-
ed by others of their own private au-
thority, 471; plan of reconciliation re-
commenced by the bishop of Tinia,
who was commissioned for this purpose,
ibid. but in vain, ibid. his defence of the
Regale, 490, k; dispute with Fenelon,
and the occasion, 545.

Boulanvilliers, Count, character of him,
with his defence of Spinoza, iii. 428
and y.

Bourgogne, Jacques de, his breach with
Calvin, and the occasion, iii. 317.
Bourignon, Antoinette, an account of her
enthusiasm, in xvii cent. iv. 179; her
main and predominant principle, 180
and f; patrons of her fanatical doc-
trine, ibid. and g, h.

Bowenson, Leonard, excites a warm con-
test about excommunication in xvi cent.
iii. 335; severe doctrine concerning it,
336.

Boyle, Robert, his lectures, iii. 418 and y,
431; his great character, 446.
Brabantinus, an account of his treatise on
bees, ii. 493.

Brachmans, veneration paid them by the
Indians, iii. 390; their title assumed by
Robert de Nobili, ibid. and 391, i; and
by other Jesuits, ibid. and m.
Bradwardine, Archbishop of Canterbury,
an eminent mathematician in xiv cent.
ii. 449; his book on Providence, 493.
Brahe, Tycho, a celebrated astronomer in
xvii cent. iii. 431.
Breckling, Frederic, his uncharitable wri-
tings, and character, iv. 62 and h,
Bredenberg, John, a collegiate, defends
the doctrine of Spinoza, in xvii cent.
iv. 176; debate between him and Cui-
per concerning the use of reason in re-
ligious matters, ibid and z.
Bremen, republic of, embraces Calvin's
doctrine and institutions, iii. 280 and b.
Brethren and sisters of the Free Spirit, a
sect in xiii cent. ii. 428,429 and r,s; va-
rious names and singular behaviour,
ibid. and t; dangerous and impious con-
clusion drawn by them from their mys-
tic theology, 430, 431; sentences from
some more secret books belonging to
them, ibid. and w; some among them

of eminent piety, ibid. place the whole
of religion in internal devotion, ibid.
their shocking violation of decency,432
and y; execrable and blasphemous doc-
trine of some among them, 432 and 3 ;
their first rise seems to have been in
Italy, 434 a; several edicts against them
in xiv cent. 500; prevail over all oppo-
sition, 501; called by various names,
563; undergo severe punishments from
the inquisition in xv cent. 564 and h;
as also from Ziska, 565 and i,
Brethren, and clerks of the common life,
an account of them in xv cent. ii. 445;
divisions into the lettered and illiterate,
and their several employments, ibid.sis-
ters of this society how employed, ibid.
the fame of the schools erected by them
and of some eminent men educated in
them, ibid. 546 and h, i.

white, their rise in xv cent. ii.
566; their name, whence, and what
doctrines were taught by their chief.
ibid. and k; their leader apprehended
by Boniface IX. and burnt, with the sup-
pression of the sect, ibid. and 1; vari-
ous opinions concerning the equity of
the sentence passed upon their leader,
567 and m.

British, ecclesiastics, successful in their
ministry among the Germans in viii
cent. i. 478.

Brito, Guil. and his character, ii. 340 and i.
Britons, if converted as early as king Lu-
cius, i. 125.

Brown, George, Archbishop of Dublin,
his zeal in the cause of the Reformation
in Ireland, iii. 96: his character, ibid. l.
Moshem's mistake here, and Queen
Mary's cruel designs in Ireland prevent-
ed, ibid. m; deprived under her, who
encourages Popery, that afterward re-
ceives under Elizabeth a final and irre-
coverable blow to the interest of the
Romish cause, 97 and n; his singular
account of the genius and spirit of the
Jesuits, 141, a.

Robert, founder of the Brownists
in xvi cent. iii. 292; his notions, 293
and u; renounces his separation from
the church of England, 294.
Brownists, a sect of Puritans, iii. 292; their
sentiments on church government, 293
and u; retire into the Netherlands, 294;
their fate on their founder's renouncing
his separation, ibid. x and y; doctrine
and discipline censured, iv. 103.
Brulifer, an eminent scholastic writer in
XV cent, ii. 549.
Bruno attempts with Boniface the con-
version of the Prussians, ii. 121; is mas-
sacred, with his colleague and other
followers, ibid.

founder of the Carthusians in xi
cent. ii. 189, h.

two of that name, ii. 194.

Bruno, Jordano, a supposed infidel in xvi
cent. iii. 119.
Bruys, Peter, attempts to reform the abu-
ses and superstition of his times, and is
charged with fanaticism, ii. 311, found-
er of the Petrobrussians, ibid. is burnt,
ibid. some of his tenets, ibid.
Bryennius, Nicephorus, an eminent histo-
rian in xii cent. ii. 246.

Josephus, his works, ii. 546.
Bucer, Martin, endeavours to bring about
a reconciliation between the Reformed
and the Lutherans, iii. 267; how defeat-
ed, 263; his attempts to modify the
doctrine of the Swiss church to that of
Luther, and how defeated, 274. ·
Budneians, a sect of Socinians, their doc-
trine, iii. 363; their founder, with his
character and sentiments, 379, 380;
who is excommunicated, but re-admit-
ted, ibid. and followed by William Da-
vides, Francken, and others, ibid.
Bugenhagius, draws up a form of religious
government and doctrine, according to
the principles of the Reformation, for
the Danes, iii. 65; the salutary effect of
this work in perfecting the Reformation
in Denmark, ibid. and u.

John, his Harmonies of the

Evangelists, iii. 224.
Bullinger, his character, iii.310; writings,
319.

Bulgarians, converted to Christianity in
ix cent. ii. 4.

Burchard, Bishop of Worms, character of
his Decreta, written in x cent. ii. 105.
Burckhard, Francis, writes against the
treaty of Passau, iii. 215.

Burg, Gibbon de, his pacificatory attempts
in xviii cent. iii. 469 and s.
Burgundians, spontaneously embrace
Christianity, i. 334; the cause to which
this is imputed, ibid. inclined to Arian-
ism, ibid.

Bulaus, Walter, the use of his works, ii.
450; his character, 488.

Bus, Cæsar de, founder of the order of the
fathers of the Christian doctrine in xvi
cent. iii. 151.

Buscherus, Statius, opposes the pacific pro-
jects of Calixtus in xvii cent. iv. 31; the
conduct of the latter upon this occasion,
32; an account of the Crypto Papismus.
of Buscherus, ibid.

Cælestius, his doctrine of original sin one
main source of Pelagianism, i. 391; ac-
count of, ibid. g.

Cæsarius of Arles, his works, i. 417, 423,
450.

Cajetan, Cardinal, his conference at Augs-
burg with Luther on the nature and ex-
tent of indulgences, iii.30; insolent be-
haviour, and fruitless issue of the de-
bate, 31 and r; absurd expression con-
cerning Christ's blood, 33 and x; cha-
racter of his exposition of the Bible,
160.

Cainites, an account of their tenets, i. 185.
Callistus, Nicephorus, his character and
works, ii. 446, 487.

Calixtines, in Bohemia, their rise in xv
cent. ii. 553; four demands, ibid.
Calixtus, George, his zeal for reconciling
the Protestants and Catholics in xvii
cent. iii. 472; as also the Lutherans and
Reformed, iv. 13; his peculiar method
and form of theology, 27; system of
moral theology, 29; author of Syncre-
tism, and character, 31; opposed by
whom, ibid. his death, 33 and d; doc-
trine condemned, and creed drawn up
against it by the Lutheran doctors, ibid.
opinions, 35 and f; his real design, ibid.
sub fin. not. f; two great principles,
with debates carried on with the doctors
of Rintelen, Coningsberg, 36; and Je-
na, 37; the candid examination of Glas-
sius on this occasion, ibid. and k.

Frederic Ulric, opposes the
creed of the Lutheran doctors against
Syncretism, iv. 34.

II. Pope, his great character, ii.
261; disputes concerning investitures
subside by his prudence, ibid.

III. institutes in xv cent. the fes-
tival of the Transfiguration, ii. 562.
Calovius, a Lutheran writer in xvii cent.
iv. 26; attacks Calixtus, 32; his malig-
nity against the disciples of Calixtus,
even after his death, 33.

Calvin, John, a short character of him, iii.
68 and a,b; facilitated a reconciliation
of the Reformed and Lutherans, 268,
269 and g; error here, 269; set on foot
the controversy about predestination,
270; his opinion, and that of the ancient
Helvetic doctors, ibid. the former, pro-
pagated with discord, carried to the
greatest height, 271; founder of the
Reformed church, 274 and o; his grand
views how in part executed, ibid. 275,
276 and p; doctrine and discipline al-
tered from that of Zuingle in three
points, ibid. first, the power of the ma-
gistrate, ibid.second,the eucharist, little
different from the Lutherans, though
much from Zuingle, 277, 278 and 9, r;
different from the Romanists, ibid. third,
in God's absolute decree, ibid. his
changes not approved or received by all
the Reformed, 278, 279; gains ground

in Germany 279; and in France, 281;
in Scotland by Knox, and in England,
282; his system made the public rule
of faith in the latter place under Edward
VI. 283; his system adopted in the Ne-
therlands, 295; his rigid discipline, and
resolution in establishing it,and the dan-
gers he is thereupon exposed to, 307,
308 and d; his interpretation of the
precepts of Aristotle, 309; Commen-
tary, and why sharply censured, 310;
Institutes of the Christian religion, 312;
Practical divinity, or life and manners
of a true Christian, ibid. contest with
the spiritual libertines, 313; with those
of Geneva, 314; disputes with Castalio,
315; with Bolsec, 316; with Ochinus,
317; puts Servetus to death, 356; his
method of interpreting Scripture scru-
pulously followed by the members of
the Reformed church, iv. 72.
Calvinists, secret, favourers of, in Saxony,
iii. 250; whence called Crypto-Calvin-
ists, 252; attempts to spread their doc-
trine, 257; and consequences, with the
death of Crellius, their chief patron,
259.

Camaldolites, a monastic order, their rise
in xi cent. ii. 186; founder Romuald,
whose followers are divided into two
classes, the Cœnobites, and the Ere-
mites, ibid and z.

Camateurs, Andronicus, his character, ii.
281.

Cambalu, now Pekin in China, erected by
Clement V. into an archbishopric in
xiv cent. ii. 442.

Camerarius, Joachim, a promoter of uni-
versal learning, and his character, iii.
219; his Commentary on the New Tes-
tament, 224.

Cameron, John, his reconciling doctrine

and endeavours, iii. 83.
Campanella, a philosopher in xvi cent. iii.
123; his character, ibid. p.
Campanus, his heretical notions, iii. 355,
and a.

Canon of Scripture, supposed to be fixed

about ii cent. i. 93; and reasons for this
supposition, ibid.

Canons, a religious order, their origin in
viii. cent. i. 503; their founder Chrode-
gangus, ibid. and h; encouraged by
Lewis the Meek, ii. 27; who orders a
new rule to be drawn up for their ob-
servance, which is condemned, and in-
stitutes the first Canonesses, 28 and h;
the author of this rule, ibid. partiality
of their historians, ibid. i; degenerate
from their primitive purity, 29; cor-
ruption among them in xi cent. 191; re-
formation attempted, and new laws
made, ibid. distinction into regular and
secular, 192; why called Regular ca-
nons of St. Augustin, ibid. and p; in-
troduction into England, ibid.

Capistran, John, his character, ii. 549;
eminent for his defence of papal autho-
rity, ibid.

Capito, Robert, an account of, ii. 341, 400
andi: his commentaries on Dionysius,
410.

Cappel, Lewis charged with making im-
prudent and base concessions, through
a desire of diminishing the prejudices or
resentment of the Papists against the
Protestants in xvii cent. iv. 86; the
voluminous and elaborate work under-
taken by him, what, ibid q, r, and s;
zealously opposed, ibid. the churches
of Switzerland alarmed at his opinions,
and the event, iv. 125.

Capreolus, John, his character, ii. 548.
Capuchins, their origin in xvi cent. and
founder, iii. 147, 148 and i, k; envy
against them, and why so called, ibid.
and m, n; banished Venice in xvii cent.
iii. 483; but recalled 484, a.
Caputiati, a sect of fanatics in xii cent. ii.

320.

Caracalla, Emperor, his lenity to the
Christians, i. 192.

Cardan, a philosopher in xvi cent. iii. 122;
his character, ibid. n.

Cardinals, the right of electing to the see
of Rome vested in them by Nicholas II.
in xi cent. ii. 150 and e; their origin
and rights, 152 and h, i; divided into
two classes, of Cardinal Bishops and
Cardinal Clerks, 153; and the meaning
of these terms, 154 and n; their college
augmented by Alexander III. 155.

-in Rome, their number, iii. 126;
what incapable of being elected to the
see of Rome, 127 and b.
Cario, an eminent historian among the
Lutherans, iii. 218.

Carolostadt, his intemperate zeal and
warm debates with Luther, iii. 232;
excites a tumult at Wittemberg, ibid.
and g; leaves Wittemberg, and oppo-
ses the sentiments of Luther concerning
the Eucharist, ibid. and h; propagates
his doctrine in Switzerland, 233; fa-
vourable disposition toward the Ana-
baptists, and enthusiastical teachers,
ibid. charged with fanaticism. ibid,and i.
Carmelites, a monastic order, their rise in
xii cent. ii. 279; founded by Albert,
patriarch of Jerusalem, ibid. their rule
of discipline, ibid. and t; unwarrant-