It would be easy to furnish a long vocabulary of words similar in Welsh and Latin. I have selected a few examples of the least doubtful kind, of which the derivations are traceable in the Welsh, and such as are plainly not derived from the Latin through intercourse with the Romans. The following are conjectures of Archdeacon Williams:

* These words are mostly taken from a curious and interesting paper, entitled "Remarks on the affinity of the Gaëlic language with the Latin," by Dr. Stratton (formerly student of Marischal College, Aberdeen).

This list is much more extensive: I have selected some words from it.

4. Instances of particular agreement in words between the Teutonic languages and Latin.

It might be suspected in the case of agreement between Latin and German, that the latter had borrowed from the idiom of the Romans; but the preceding examples are chiefly from the Scandinavian dialects, and the Danish and Islandic are out of the reach of corruption from this source.

5. Instances of close agreement between Latin and Lithuanian

These examples are taken, as well as most of the list of Teutonic words agreeing with Latin, from Professor Vater's translation of Rask's "Thrakische Sprachclasse," in Vater's Vergleichungstafeln.

6. Words nearly resembling in Latin and the Slavonian

Note.-After surveying the races of men who constituted the ancient population of the west of Europe, we ought now to pursue our inquiry towards the north. The German nations appear to come next in order after the Celts and the races of Iberians and Italians, who are beyond them towards the south and the west. But the Germans are not the aborigines of the most northern parts in Europe: they found those countries previously occupied by Allophyllian tribes. Before proceeding to the Germans, we must investigate the history and relations of these tribes.

CHAPTER V.

ABORIGINES OF NORTHERN EUROPE.-RACE OF IOTUNS, TSCHUDES, AND OUGRES.

SECTION I.-Historical Survey.

An extensive region in the northern part of the old continent, including all the countries beyond the Baltic, and a tract of uncertain limits stretching thence towards the east as far as the Uralian mountains and beyond that chain of hills and the river Obi reaching almost to the remote Yeniseï, has been the immemorial abode of numerous tribes of people who may be considered as belonging to one great family of nations. Many parts of that region are still inhabited by races descended from the same stock, while in others the native tribes have been exterminated, or driven further northwards, or into forests and mountainous tracts: almost everywhere they have been vanquished and oppressed by more powerful nations who have encroached upon them from the south, of German, or Slavonian, or of Tartar origin. In one only instance has it fallen to the lot of a people descended from this race to found an independent state, or to take any part in the affairs of the civilised world. I allude to the kingdom of the Magyars or Hungarians. The several tribes belonging to this family of nations have no collective name or general epithet, either adopted by themselves or universally bestowed upon them by foreigners, that might serve to distinguish them from people who are strangers to their stock and lineage. Each nation has its particular appellative. In some instances the names given to

* See Schloezer's Allgem. Nord. Geschichte. Müller's Ugrische Volkstamm. Rühs, Finhland und seine Bewohner.