Parks in Transition: Biodiversity, Rural Development and the Bottom LineBrian Child Earthscan, 2004 - 267 עמודים Parks face intense pressure from both environmental and developmental perspectives to conserve biodiversity and provide economic opportunities for rural communities. These imperatives are often in conflict, while potential solutions may be subject to theoretical and practical disagreement and complicated by pressing economic, political and cultural considerations. Parks in Transition collects the work of the most distinguished scholars and practitioners in this field, drawing on insight from over 50 case studies and synthesizing them into lessons to guide park management in transitional economies where the challenges of poverty and governance can be severe. The central message of the book is that parks are common property regimes that are supposed to serve society. It analyses and sheds light on the crucial questions arising from this perspective. If parks are set aside to serve poor people, should conservation demands over-rule demands for jobs and economic growth? Or will deliberately using parks as bridgeheads for better land use and engines for rural development produce more and better conservation? The issue that arises at all levels is that of accountability, including the problematic linkages between park authorities and political systems, and the question of how to measure park performance. This book provides vital new insights for park management, regarding the relationship between conservation and commercialization, performance management, new systems of governance and management, and linkages between parks, landscape and the land-use economy. |
תוכן
Introduction | 1 |
Growth of Modern Nature Conservation in Southern Africa | 7 |
Private Land Contribution to Conservation in South Africa | 28 |
CommunityBased Natural Resource Management as a Conservation Mechanism | 63 |
Performance of Parks in a Century of Change | 104 |
Park Agencies Performance and Society in Southern Africa | 125 |
Innovations in Park Management | 165 |
Does Commercialization of Protected Areas Threaten Their Conservation Goals | 189 |
Who and What Are Parks for in Transitional Societies? | 217 |
Parks in Transition Biodiversity Development and the Bottom Line | 232 |
257 | |
מהדורות אחרות - הצג הכל
מונחים וביטויים נפוצים
accountability activities animals approach authority benefits better biodiversity Botswana budgets CBNRM cent central challenge Chapter Child commercial conservation considerable costs countries created defined devolution direct diversity ecological economic effective emerging established example experience functions funding goals growth habitat hunting impact important improved incentives income increased institutions interest investment issues land landholders legislation less measures million monitoring Namibia National Park natural resources noted objectives operating opportunities organization park agencies park management performance planning political populations preparation private sector problems production programme protected areas region reserves responsibility role rural sector social society South Africa southern Africa species staff strong structures Study success suggests sustainable tourism transition wild wildlife World Zambia Zimbabwe