of trust, having committed to him the charge of the men's provisions. The year following, he was appointed a constable at Toongabbe. In 1796 Thompson was removed to Windsor, where a constable of sober habits, and of a good character in other respects, was wanted; and here he took up his permanent abode. "Governor Phillip, on leaving the Colony, recommended him to the notice of his successor, who finding him useful and deserving, continued him as constable of the different districts in his neighbourhood. In this situation he continued for nine years, to the perfect satisfaction of all his superiors, and particularly of the Governors in succession. Thompson was a sober, industrious, and enterprising man ; he built several vessels for the purpose of sealing, which trade he carried on to a considerable extent. For the last eight years of his life, he always employed from 80 to 120 men, and latterly had annually from 100 to 200 acres of his own estates in cultivation. "In the calamitous floods of the river Hawkesbury, in the years 1806 and 1809, at the risk of his life, and to the permanent injury of his health, he exerted himself each time, during three successive days and nights, in saving the lives and properties of those settlers whose habitations were inundated. "Soon after my arrival here, I found Mr. Thompson to be, what he always had been, a man ever ready and willing to promote the public service, for this was the character he had obtained from all my predecessors. In consequence of his merits, and being the only person at that time in his neighbourhood fit to fill the office, I appointed him a Justice of the Peace, and Chief Magistrate of the Districts of the Hawkesbury, where he had , acted in that capacity, though not invested with the title of Magistrate, for eight years previously. In the fulfilment of this duty he caught a severe cold, which terminated his existence, in the 37th year of his age. Mr. Thompson was born of a respectable family, who, from the time of his conviction, entirely discarded him from all intercourse with them. He felt so much gratitude for being restored to the society he had once forfeited, that in his will he bequeathed to me one-fourth of his fortune. "Mr. Redfern, in consequence of the mutiny at the Nore in 1797, was, at his own particular request to Sir Jeremiah Fitzpatrick, then Inspector of the Transport Service, sent to this Colony in 1801. During the passage, he assisted the surgeon, and kept the journal of the treatment of the sick. A few days after his arrival in this Colony, he was sent to Norfolk Island as assistant to the surgeon stationed there. General Foveaux, shortly after his arrival, appointed him to the sole charge of the hospital. On my taking the command of this Colony, General Foveaux personally introduced, and recommended Mr. Redfern to my notice in the strongest terms, as to his conduct, character, and professional abilities, stating, that in order to secure to the Settlement the advantages of his professional skill, he had appointed him assistant surgeon in the Colony, and solicited Lord Castlereagh for his confirmation. His appointment was confirmed by His Royal Highness the Prince Regent in 1811. "Mr. Redfern's singular abilities are well known here, and I believe there are few families who have not availed themselves of his services. His duty in the general hospital has been laborious, and most certainly fulfilled, with a degree of promptitude and attention not to be ex-ceeded. I have heard many poor persons, dismissed from the hospital, thank him for their recovery; In 1801, he was appointed Chief Constable by Governor King-> "Mr. Redfern had obtained a grant of 500 acres of land from Colonel Patterson, as a remuneration for his services to the military at Norfolk Island; which grant I confirmed, making at the same time an additional one of 1390 acres, in consequence of his useful services here. Mr. Redfern's farm is allow ed by all who have seen it, to be laid out and cultivated in a manner more nearly approaching the English style, than any other in the Colony. He has now, after eighteen years' service, retired from his professional pursuits to his estate. I have appointed him a magistrate, and as far as my opinion goes, no man in this Colony is better qualified to execute the duties of that office, with credit to himself and benefit to the public service." P. 33. "Simeon Lord, at the age of nineteen, was sentenced to seven years' transportation: he arrived here in 1791, in the ship Atlantic, commanded by Lieut. Bowen, agent for transports, from whom, to use his own words, a gratitude, that can terminate only with his exist. ence, calls upon him to declare, he received the most humane and indulgent treatment, and almost paternal kindness.' "By the intercession and strong recommendation of this gentleman, after eighteen months' servitude, Mr. Lord was employed as an assistant in the victualling stores; in which capacity he served the remainder of his sentence, in a manner highly satisfactory to his superiors. During that period, by his own exertions and economy, he built two houses, and cultivated about an acre of garden ground; and by rearing pigs and poultry, and engaging occasionally in trade, he accumulated, even before the expiration of his term, property to the amount of several hundred pounds. "With a part of this he pur chased a house, and also an allotment of ground, on which he erected a commodious house and : warehouses. At the expiration of his sentence being appointed an auctioneer, and also employed as a general commission agent, he gradually acquired a large property, which enabled him to commence business on a more extensive scale, as a merchant and ship owner. Pursuing these engagements successfully for several years, he became at length possessed, in whole, or the greater part, of several ships and small craft, which he principally employed in procuring oil, seal-skins, beech lemar, pearl-shells, sandal-wood, and other articles of export to the Mother Country and the East Indies; while the benefits derived by the settlers from his speculations, which opened a vent for their produce, for which there was otherwise no market, were by no means inconsiderable. In the course of these mercantile pursuits, Mr. Lord, in conjunction with Mr. Andrew Thompson, formed an establishment at New Zealand, to procure flax, hemp, timber, and other productions of that country, for the home market. He also chartered the ship Boyd, freighted with coal, cedar, and other timber for the Cape of Good Hope, and the English market. This vessel touching at New Zealand for the purpose of filling with spars, was unfortunately cut off by the natives. Owing to this loss, with others of a great amount, occasioned by the misconduct and speculations of his agent in England, and the equally unfaithful conduct of his agent in India, his affairs became so embarrassed, that his mercantile exertions were nearly paralysed for seven years. During that interval, however, having married, and hav ing a numerous young family, he made a successful attempt to establish a manufactory of woollen cloths, hats, blankets, and carpets, in which he now employs, and for several years has employed, victu alled, clothed, and paid, from fifty to one hundred persons, principally convicts. He has also greatly improved his lands, which comprise five thousand acres, obtained principally by purchase, on which, both in this Colony and at Van Dieman's Land, he has reared very considerable herds of cattle; and has erected houses, warehouses, and manufactories at Botany Bay and at Sydney; the latter of which are decidedly superior to any of a similar description in the Colony. "Mr. Lord was one of the persons recommended to me by General Foveaux. I appointed him a imagistrate in 1810. He is allowed to have been useful and attentive in the discharge of bis public duties: his large commodious house has been a home to those who were in distress, and I have always found him to be an industrious and enterprising man. His readiness during the time of his prosperity, in applying his money towards the support of settlers and others in distress, from whom he received repayment as it suited their convenience at distant periods, and without interest, is remembered with gratitude by those who were saved from ruin by his generosity; for although Mr. Lord has always been considered as litigiously inclined, he was never known to oppress a poor man. "Mr. Greenway was transported to this Colony in the year 1813, under sentence for fourteen years, in consequence of a breach of the Bankrupt Laws. He brought me a letter from Governor Phillip, recommending him strongly to my protection, and informing me that he was an architect of eminence, who had been employed in erecting public buildings at Bristol and Clifton, Feeling great respect for that most excellent man, I had much pleasure in attending to the first request he ever made to me. Mr. Greenway being the only regular architect here, has been ever since his arrival, the sole designer, and the assistant REMEMBRANCER, No. 28. engineer in the erection of all the public buildings in the Colony, in which he has displayed much taste and great abilities. He received a conditional pardon from me on his completing the new light-house at the south-head; and has lately received a free pardon. He has thus been restored to his former rank in society, which he promises to maintain with credit to himself and usefulness to the government, as well as for the benefit and support of a respectable wife and numerous family. To "These are the men, my Lord, whom I have thought fit to invite to my table, and to treat with the respect to which I have deemed them entitled, from the offices they have held under my government. those offices they were, in general, promoted in consequence of their meritorious conduct, and the many services they had rendered to the government in their different professions and employments. Their good conduct had obtained for them also the good opinion of the most respectable inhabitants of this Colony, as well as my own: and it is with real satisfaction, that I have to bear testimony to their uniform fidelity and zeal in the discharge of their respective public duties. They have been peaceable and loyal subjects, and ever ready to assist the government." P. 45. BISHOP OF PETERBOROUGH ON UNAUTHORISED PSALMS AND HYMNS. OUR former remarks upon the Bishop of Peterborough's Charge were confined to his mode of ex amining Candidates for Orders and Curacies; the following extracts from his Appendix relate to a subject which is but ill understood, and which his Lordship appears to have placed in its proper light. "The privilege, now claimed and exercised in many of our Churches, with respect to psalms and hymns, E e is founded on the argument, that no Act of Uniformity includes the metrical psalms, which are printed with the Book of Common Prayer. These metrical psalms, (that is, the psalms in English metre) though commonly annexed, either in the old or in the new version, to the Book of Common Prayer, form no constituent part of it. Consequently the Acts of Uniformity relate to the Book of Common Prayer, they cannot be so construed as to include the metrical psalms. And the new version of the Psalms by Tate and Brady, is excluded by the additional circumstance, that it did not exist even at the time when the last Act of Uniformity was made. If then the metrical psalms, annexed to the Book of Common Prayer, come not within the scope of any Act of Uniformity, neither the Act of Uniformity which passed in the reign of Elizabeth, nor that which passed in the reign of Charles II. can be obligatory with respect to those metrical psalms, as they are with respect to the Liturgy itself. And hence it is inferred, that though a Clergyman has no choice, with respect to the Common Prayer, the administration of the Sacraments, and other rites and ceremonies of the Established Church, he may exercise his own discretion with respect to the use of psalms and hymns. But in this conclusion there is a fallacy, which in the present times it is very necessary to explain. If the Acts of Uniformity, which are compulsory with respect to the Liturgy, are not so with respect to the metrical psalms annexed to it, we cannot thence infer, that we are at liberty to introduce any other psalms or hymns according to our own discretion. A freedom from obligation to the performance of one thing does not imply a freedom from restraint as to the performance of any other. Let us see therefore whether there are no legal restraints on the exercise of that power, which is now so frequently assumed in the introduction of psalms and hymns ་ for the use of our Churches. Even the Acts of Uniformity, though the letter of them does not extend to metrical compositions, are at least by the spirit of them decidedly adverse to that liberty, in which too many of the Clergy at present indulge. The Act for the Uniformity of Service,' which passed in the second year of Edward VI., the Act for the Uniformity of Common Prayer and Divine Service in the Church,' which passed in the first year of Elizabeth, and lastly the Act, which passed in the fourteenth year of Charles II., and is commonly known as the Act of Uniformity, have no less for their object a uniformity of doctrine, than a unifor. mity in external worship. Indeed the latter would be of no use without the former. And how is it possible to maintain a uniformity of doctrine in our Churches, if every Clergyman is at liberty to introduce into the service of his Church whatever psalms or hymns he thinks proper to adopt? Indeed our Acts of Uniformity as well as our Articles of Religion must thus be rendered nugatory. It will be of no avail to preserve a consistency of doctrine throughout the prayers of the Church, if different doctrines are inculcated by the aid of psalms and hymns. Nor must we forget, that the impression, which is made by the singing of hymns is much more powerful, and much more durable, than the effect which is produced by the reading of prayers. The importance also which in many places attaches to the Hymn Book, is equal, if not superior, to the im portance ascribed to the Prayer Book. Hence the former becomes the manual for doctrine as well as devotion: and though the prayers of the Liturgy cannot be omitted, it is the Hymn Book which too fre quently supplies the most valued portion of Divine Service. "Surely then, our Ecclesiastical establishment requires, that neither psalms nor hymns should be admitted in the public service of the Church, till they have received the unction or permission of public authority. Otherwise the constito tation of the Church, established in this country, must be more defective, than the constitution of any other Established Church whatso ever. If that, which forms a part of our public service, is not subject to the regulation of public authority, our public service, as far as that portion extends, which in many places bears a large proportion to the whole Service is exempted from that controul, which is indispensably necessary in all public concerns, whether of a civil, or of a religious nature. But the constitution of our Church is not so defective as the practice, now under consideration implies. It is not lawful to use in the public service of our Church, any psalms or hymns which have not received the sanction or permission of public authority. The public authority necessary for this purpose is not the authority of Parlament, but the authority of the King, as Head of the Established Church. It is this authority, not that of any Act of Parliament, by which the Lessons from the Bible are allowed to be read in our Churches from only one English Translation, out of the many which exist. This translation is appointed to be read in Churches having been revised and corrected by his Majesty's special command. On this account the translation of the Bible, which is used in our Churches is called the authorised Version; and no Clergyman of the Establishment would venture to read the Lessons in the public service of the Church from any other Version. But the same authority which is exercised by the King in regard to this part of divine service, belongs to him also in that part, which regards the metrical psalms. For though the King cannot interfere by his sole authority where provision is made by an Act of the whole Legislature, yet as no Act of Uniformity extends. to the psalms in English metre, they are no less matter for the exercise of royal authority, than the prose Translation of the Bible. Indeed the things themselves are quite analogous. If the sanction of pub lic authority is necessary for a prose Translation of the Bible, the sanction of public authority must be necessary for a metrical Translation of the Bible. If without such au thority the former cannot be read in our Churches, neither can the latter without such authority be sung in our Churches. If the exercise of private judgment is not allowable in the choice of a prose Translation, neither can it be allowable in the choice of a metrical Translation. And accordingly we find, that when Tate and Brady had finished the new Version of the Psalms, the first step, which was taken, in order to obtain its introduction in our Churches, was to present a petition to the king for his permission. The Translation was carefully examined by the Bishop of London, and the royal permission was signified by the following Act. "At the Court at Kensington, December the 3rd, 1696, present the King's most excellent Majesty in Council. Upon the humble petition of N. Brady and N. Tate, this day read at the Board, setting forth, that the petitioners have with their utmost care and industry, completed a new Version of the Psalms of David in English metre fitted for public use, and humbly praying HIS MAJESTY'S ROYAL ALLOW ANCE, that the said Version may be used in such congregations, as shall think fit to receive it. "His Majesty taking the same into his Royal consideration, is pleased to order in Council, that the said new Version of Psalms in English metre be, and the same is hereby allowed and permitted to be used in all such Churches, Chapels, |