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PALESTINE,

MOUNT SINAI AND ARABIA PETREA.

A JOURNAL OF TRAVELS IN THE YEAR 1838,

BY

E. ROBINSON AND E. SMITH.

UNDERTAKEN IN REFERENCE TO BIBLICAL GEOGRAPHY.

DRAWN UP FROM THE ORIGINAL DIARIES, WITH HISTORICAL ILLUSTRATIONS

BY EDWARD ROBINSON, D.D..

PROFESSOR OF BIBLICAL LITERATURE IN THE UNION THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY,

NEW YORK;

AUTHOR OF A GREEK AND ENGLISH LEXICON OF THE NEW TESTAMENT,

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LONDON:

Printed by A. SPOTTISWOOde,

New-Street-Square.

CONTENTS OF VOL. III.

June 6th. Difficulty of obtaining a guide at Hebron, 1. Way to Dûra,

1,2. Dùra, Nubian slave, village quarrel, 2, 3. Subsequent rebellion, 4.

Ancient Adoraim, Adora, Dora, 4, 5. Proceed towards el-Burj; Wady

el-Keis, 5. Easy descent of the mountains, 5. Harvest scene, ruins, 6.

El-Burj, 6.-June 7th. Disappointment in el-Burj, 7. El-Khuweilifeh,

a watering-place, 8. Caves, people from Dûra, 8, 9. Pistol lost, clamour,

9. Um esh-Shukaf, harvest-scenes, 9, 10. Indefinite replies: Straight

ahead, etc. 10. Way to Idhna, ruins, 10. The Sheikh "saddles his ass"

and accompanies us as a guide, 11. Terkûmieh, Tricomias, 11, 12.

Heat of day, 12. Beit Nŭsîb, Nezib, 12, 13. Rich and fertile region,

many sites of ruins, 13. Wady es-Sûr and wells, not Beth-zur, 14. Im-

mense Butm-tree, Pistacia Terebinthus, 15. To Beit Nettîf, 16.

June 8th. Warm morning, 17. Way to 'Ain Shems, 17. 'Ain Shems,

Beth-shemesh and Ir-shemesh, 17, 18, 19. Wady Surâr, Râfât, 20.

Great plain, Khulda, drawing water "with the foot," 21. To 'Akir, 21.

'Akir, Ekron, 22-25. Yebna, Jabneh, Wely and Wady Rubîn, 22.

Ramleh; lodge with 'Abûd Murkus, 25. Hospitality, upper room, wash-

ing the feet, 26. Tower of Ramleh, beautiful prospect, 26-31. Ancient

places visible, 30. Yâfa, population, etc. 31. Household of our host, females

not visible, 31, 32. Evening upon the flat roof, 32. Restless night, 32, 33.

-Historical notices of Ramleh; not an ancient town, 33-36. The tower

once a minaret, 36-40. Ramleh not Ramah; yet a Ramatha somewhere

in this region, perhaps Arimathea, 40-44. Other towns in the plain, Sa-

riphaea, Jehud, 45. Antipatris, now Kefr Sâba, 45-47. Galgula, 47.

Itineraries, 48.

June 9th. Early departure; attentiveness of our host, 48. Ludd,

Lydda, Diospolis, 49, 50. Ruined church of St. George, 49, 51. His-

torical notices, 50-55. Dâniyâl, 56. Jimzu, Gimzo, 56. Two roads up

the mountain; we cross the fields from one to the other; el-Burj, 57.

Kharûb-tree, Ceratonia, its pods, 58. Females; mother of a conscript,

Nâbulus, and its environs, 96. Mounts Gerizim and Ebal alike ste-

rile, 96, 97. Visit to the Samaritans, 97. Ascent of Gerizim, 98. Sa-

maritan guide followed by his mother, 98. Summit, ruins of a fortress,

99. Sacred place of the Samaritans, 100. Traces of a town, 101. Wide

prospect, 101. Small plain opposite; Sâlim, Shalem, 102. Other an-

cient towns, 103. Return to the Samaritans, 104. Their dress and lan-

guage, the priest and synagogue, 104, 105. Professed ancient manu-

script, 105. Their number and observances, 106, 107. Jacob's well,

107-109. Historical notices of this well, 109, 110. Difficulties, 111, 112.

Population of Nâbulus, 113.-Historical notices, 113, 114. Origin of the

Samaritans, 115, 116. Temple on Gerizim, 117, 118. Called Neapolis,

119. Also Sychar, 120. Chief seat of the Samaritans, 121. Their in-

surrections, 121-125. The middle ages, 126, 127. Modern notices of

the Samaritans, 127, 128. Their Pentateuch, 129, 130. Correspondence

with them by Scaliger, 130. By Huntington, 131. By Ludolf, 131. By

Grégoire and De Sacy, 132. Their Literature, 132. Professed book of

Joshua, 133. No other communities, 133.-Recent notices of Nâbulus;

war of 1834, etc. 134, 135.

June 15th. Valley west of Nâbulus, skirted with villages, 136, 137.

Arab mill and aqueduct, 137. Sebustieh on a fine hill, 138. The village

and people, 139. Church of St. John, 139-141. Reputed sepulchre of

John Baptist, legends, 141, 142. Threshing-floors; threshing with the

sledge, 142, 143. Hill tilled to the top; area of columns, 143. View

144. Ancient colonnade of great length, 144, 145. Sebaste, Samaria,

historical notices, 145-149.

June 16th. New guide, 159. Pass along the eastern part of the

great plain to Zer'în, 160, 161. It stands on the brow of a deep broad valley

running east to the Jordan, a second arm of the great plain, 162, 163.

Mountain of Dŭhy, or Little Hermon, 162. Fountains in the valley, 163.

City, valley, and fountain of Jezreel, 163, 164. Identity of the name,

165. Historical notices, 165–167. Dead Fountain, 167. 'Ain Jâlùd, 167,

168. Sôlam, Shunem, 169.—Notices of places: Gilboa, 170, 171. Little

Hermon, 171-173. Valley of Jezreel, 173, 174. Beisân, Beth-shean,

174-176. Fûleh and the battle of Mount Tabor, 176, 177. Lejjûn, Legio,

Megiddo, 177-180.

First view of Mount Tabor, 180. Third branch of the great plain,

181. Fûleh and 'Afûleh, water-shed, 181. Caravan-road from Egypt to

Damascus, 181. View; Iksâl, Chesulloth, 182. Ascent of the hills of

Nazareth, and view of the plain, 183. Nazareth, its position, 183, 184.

Call on Abu Nasir, a merchant, 184. Population, 185. Latin convent,

185, 186. Maronite church, 186. Precipice; brow of the hill, 185, 186.

Legend of the Mount of Precipitation, 187, 188.-June 17th. Fountain

of the Virgin and Greek church, 188, 189. Hill and Wely west of Na-

zareth; splendid prospect of the sea and land, 189, 190. Reflections, 190,

191. Visit at Abu Nâsir's house, 191, 192. Schools founded by him, 192.

Female pupils, 192, 193. Dine with him, 193.-June 18th. Ascend

western hill; view and bearings, 194. Locusts and the bird which fol-

lows them, 195.-Historical notices of Nazareth, 196-200. Other ancient

places near: Yâfa, Japhia, 200. Semûnieh, Simonias, 201. Jebâta,

Gabatha, 201. Sefùrieh, Sepphoris, Diocaesarea, 201-204. Kâna el-

Jelil, Cana of Galilee, not at Kefr Kenna, 204–208.

Roads to Tiberias, 209. We go to Mount Tabor, 209, 210. Debû-

rieh, Daberath, 210. Ascent, 211. Form and summit of Tabor, 211, 212.

Height, 212, 213. Ruins of different ages, 213, 214. Churches and al-

tars, 214. View extensive and beautiful, 215-217. Water-shed between

the Jordan and western sea; little stream running to the former, 217, 218.

Form of Little Hermon, 218. Tabor of the Scriptures and Josephus (Ita-

byrion) a fortified city, 219–221. Hence not the Mount of Transfigura-

tion, 221, 222. Age of the crusades, churches and convents, 223, 224.

Destroyed by Bibars, 224, 225. Other places visible: Endor, 225, 226.

Nein, Nain, 226. Kaukab el-Hawa or Belvoir, 226.

PLAIN OF ESDRAELON, form and extent, 227, 228. River Kishon,

now el-Mukŭtta', 228, 229. A temporary stream upon the plain, now dry
but often full, 229, 230. Waters from Tabor flow to it, 230. Former er-
ror, which makes part of the Kishon run to the Jordan, 231. The Mu-

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