Structure of Metals Through Optical Microscopy

alloy alloy FIG aluminum arc welding atoms austenite bainite base metal bonding brass brazing carbides carbon steel cast iron casting FIG cementite coating color composition cooling rates corrosion resistance cracks crystal structure dendrites diffusion ductile electrolytic equiaxed etching eutectic eutectic structure eutectoid example extrusion failure ferrite filler metal flash weld formation formed fracture grain boundaries grain growth grain structure graphite heat treatment homogeneous impurities Inconel increases interface intermetallic joining layer liquid martensite material matrix mechanical properties melting Metallography metallurgical microscope microstructure mold morphology needles nickel nucleation occur operations optical orientations oxide particles pearlite peritectic phase diagram phase transformations pipe planes plastic deformation plate polarized light polishing powder precipitation reactions recrystallization regions result rolling shown in Fig shows silicon single-phase sintering slip lines soldering solid phases solid solution solidification specimen ẞ phase stainless steel surface thermal treatment tion ture twins two-phase U3Si uranium zinc